Preparation and crystallization action of SiO2 -Al2O3 -CaO-ZnO-R2O porous glass-ceramics

Using powder-sintering method,SiO2-Al2O3-CaO-ZnO-R2O porous glass-ceramics were produced for analysis. Five samples with different SiO2 /CaO ratios were used in the research. The mechanical properties, microstructures and textures of porous glass-ceramics are investigated by using differential thermogravimetric analysis/differential thermal analysis ( TGA/SDTA) ,X-ray diffraction ( XRD) ,and scanning electron microsco- py ( SEM) . The activity energy of crystallization ( E) and crystallization kinetics parameter ( k) were calculated based on the modified JMA equation. The Avrami parameter n was obtained according to Augis-Bennett function. The results show that the k value of No. 1 sample ( SiO2 /CaO = 61∶ 18) is the largest among all samples, which tends to crystallize more easily,and crystallization processes of all samples are observed bulk crystallization. The main crystal phase observed is parawollastonite ( clinorhombic system) with puncheon shape. Poreforming agents decomposed at 100 - 500 ℃ form a large number of closed pores with micron dimension and several semi-open pores distribute uniformly in the glass-ceramics matrix. This work may be expected to be favorable for industrial scale applications of porous glass-ceramics in the field of building thermal insulation.     

Influence of ZrO2 on sintering and crystallization of CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 glass-ceramics

ZrO2 was added into CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 glass-ceramics and the effect of ZrO2 on sintering and crystallization of CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 glass ceramics was investigated. The results show that the sintering shrinkage ratio of glass particles decreases with the increase of the content of ZrO2. ZrO2 has an unfavourable effect on sintering shrinkage ratio of glass particles. The sintering shrinkage ratio of glass particles increases with the increase of sintering temperature. The increase of sintering temperature favors the decrease of the liquid phase viscosity of glass particles. ZrO2 has little effect on crystallization of main crystalline phase （β-wollastonite）. However, it promotes the crystallization at relatively low temperature.     

烧结法制MgO-SiO2-Al2O3-B2O3-KF玻璃陶瓷成分设计优化及显微析晶研究

通过烧结与水淬相结合的方法制备并系统探讨了MgO- SiO2-Al2O3-B2O3-KF玻璃陶瓷的显微析晶.研究表明:MgO-SiO2-Al2O3-B2O3-KF玻璃陶瓷的烧结收缩率与玻璃化及组分的析晶程度相关;析晶程度愈高,烧结坯愈致密;试样中成分配比愈接近云母晶体成分的原子比,玻璃陶瓷的显微析晶程度愈高;在烧结温度为1 000℃时,即开始出现析晶,到1 050℃时,析晶程度达到最高,继续提高烧结温度,显微析晶又发生重熔.     

BaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2系统微晶玻璃的研究

以MgO-Al2O3-SiO2系统为基础玻璃组成,TiO2为晶核剂,用少量的BaO取代MgO,制备出顽辉石/堇青石基微晶玻璃.采用差热分析、X射线衍射分析、扫描电镜等测试手段研究了BaO对玻璃析晶性能和显微结构等性能的影响,并探讨了不同量的BaO取代MgO对其电导率的影响.结果表明,在1 480℃通过熔融法制备玻璃试样...     

H_4SiW_（12）O_（40）/ZrO_2-Al_2O_3催化合成丁酮1,2-丙二醇缩酮

采用浸渍法制备ZrO2-Al2O3复合载体负载硅钨酸催化剂H4SiW12O40/ZrO2-Al2O3,并通过FT-IR、XRD对其进行了表征.以H4SiW12O40/ZrO2-Al2O3为催化剂催化合成丁酮1,2-丙二醇缩酮.系统地研究了各种因素对收率的影响.结果表明：H4SiW12O40/ZrO2-Al2O3催化剂是合成丁酮1,2-丙二醇缩酮的良好催化剂,固定丁酮物质的量为0.20mol,丁酮与1,2-丙二醇质量比为1：1.5,带水剂环己烷的用量为8mL,反应时间60min,催化剂的用量占反应物总质量的1.5%的优化条件下,产品的收率可达78.1%.     

Toughening mechanism of lined Al2O3-ZrO2 multiphase ceramics in SHS composite pipes

1. IntroductionEngineering ceramics is known worldwide becauseof its high operating temperature, corrosion resistanceand wear resistance. The ceramics-lined compositepipes are widely researched for their extensiveprospects in engineering application. The …     

Effects of nucleating additives on crystallization and properties of CaO-B2O3-SiO2 glass-ceramics

ZrO₂, TiO₂ and P₂O₅ were doped in CaO-B₂O₃-SiO₂ glass-ceramics as nucleating additives. Effects of different nucleating additives on the phase separation and crystalline behaviors were investigated by using gradient temperature furnace, DTA and XRD. Then, sintering process of the glass-ceramics was investigated by testing sintering shrinkage, dielectric constant and loss. The experimental results shows that the glass-ceramics doped with nucleating additives represents higher crystallization, with ZrO₂ as an exceptional effective dopant to promote the precipitation of wollastonite crystal. Finally, ZrO₂ containing glass-ceramics was chosen to study the influence of sintering temperature and soaking time with the help of X-ray diffraction analysis and density measurement. The glass-ceramics can be well consolidated at 850 °C for 10 min, with low dielectric constant (5.87) and loss (3.21 × 10⁻⁴), which is desirable for LTCC application.     

Investigation on plasma-sprayed ZrO_2 thermal barrier coating on nickel alloy substrate

1　ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＺｒＯ2 ｔｈｅｒｍａｌｂａｒｒｉｅｒｃｏａｔｉｎｇｓａｒｅｍａｉｎｌｙｕｓｅｄａｓｈｅａｔ ｉｎｓｕｌａｔｉｎｇｌａｙｅｒｏｎｔｈｅｓｕｒｆａｃｅｏｆｈｉｇｈｔｅｍ ｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅｃｏｍｐｏｎｅｎｔｓｉｎｔｈｅｆｉｅｌｄｏｆｄｉｅｓｅｌ,ｔｕｒ ｂｉｎｅ ,ａｎｄｊｅｔｅｎｇｉｎｅｓ.Ｔｈｅｓｕｒｆａｃｅｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅｏｆｔｈｅｈｏｔｃｏｍｐｏｎｅｎｔｓｃａｎｇｒｅａｔｌｙｂｅｒｅｄｕｃｅｄｕｓｉｎｇｔｈｅｈｅａｔ ｉｎｓｕｌａｔｉｎｇｌａｙｅｒ,ｗｈｉｃｈｒｅｓｕｌ…     

用粉煤灰制备SiO_2-Al_2O_3气凝胶的研究

以粉煤灰为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶和常压干燥法制备Si O2-Al2O3气凝胶。采用BET、XRD、IR、SEM等实验手段,对Si O2-Al2O3气凝胶性能进行测试分析。结果表明,最终的二元Si O2-Al2O3气凝胶是由纳米颗粒组成的非晶网络和Al2O3晶体共同构成的纳米多空结构,具有高的比表面积和窄的孔径分布。该法制得的气凝胶平均孔径在9 nm左右,比表面积为115～180 m2/g,热稳定性良好。     

MoP/TiO_2-SiO_2-Al_2O_3的制备及加氢脱芳性能研究

采用溶胶—凝胶法及共浸渍法制备了TiO2-SiO2-Al2O3复合载体,并用共浸渍法制备负载型MoP/TiO2-SiO2-Al2O3催化剂。XRD结果表明,TiO2的晶相衍射峰呈锐钛矿,SiO2则大多以无定型态分散于γ-Al2O3晶体表面。通过原位还原技术对催化剂进行还原处理,在连续固定床反应器上进行活性评价,结果表明,钛硅铝物质的量比对催化剂的活性有很大的影响,在温度为360℃,压力为3MPa,液时空速为1h-1,氢油体积比为500∶1的反应条件下,n（Ti）∶n（Si）∶n（Al）为1∶1∶4,Mo负载量为20%时,MoP/TiO2-SiO2-Al2O3催化剂的加氢脱芳活性最高,达到65.6%。并且TiO2-SiO2-Al2O3三元复合载体比传统的γ-Al2O3和SiO2-Al2O3二元复合载体的活性分别提高了19.6%和13.6%。     

TiO_2和Cr_2O_3复合晶核剂对微晶玻璃晶化行为的影响

通过差热分析、X射线衍射分析、偏光显微镜和扫描电镜观察等测试方法 ,研究了TiO2 和Cr2 O3作晶核剂对金属尾矿微晶玻璃晶化行为的影响 .研究表明 :Cr2 O3 和TiO2 复合晶核剂能有效地促进CaO -MgO -Al2 O3-SiO2 系统玻璃在较低温度下即开始晶化 ,且形成以透辉石为主晶相的微晶玻璃 ,晶核剂质量浓度不同对玻璃析晶的影响不同 .     

反应条件对CuO／Y2O3-ZrO2-Al2O3催化甲烷燃烧性能的影响

采用溶胶凝胶法制备CuO／Y2O3-ZrO2-Al2O3催化剂。研究了反应气甲烷与空气体积比和反应气体流速对CuO／Y2O3-ZrO2-Al2O3,催化剂性能的影响,结果显示：VCH4：VAir=1：25且气体流速为1800Loh-1时,该催化剂具有较好的催化活性和高温热稳定性。     

Effects of heat treatment temperature on crystallization and thermal expansion coefficient of Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2

The basic glass of Li₂O-Al₂O₃-SiO₂ system using P₂O₅ as nucleator was prepared by means of conventional melt quenching technology, and the heat-treatment process was determined by using differential thermal analysis. The crystalline phases and the microstructure of the glass-ceramics were investigated by using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The results show that the glass based on Li₂O-Al₂O₃-SiO₂ oxides using P₂O₅ as nucleator can be prepared at lower melt temperature of 1450°C and the glass-ceramics with lower thermal expansion coefficient of 21.6 × 10⁻⁷°C⁻¹ can also be obtained at 750°C. The glass-ceramics contain a few crystal phases in which the main crystal phase is β-quartz solid solution and the second crystal phase is β-spodumene solid solution. When the heat treatment temperature is not higher than 650°C, the transparent glass-ceramics containing β-quartz solid solution can be prepared. β-quartz solid solution changes into β-spodumene solid solution at about 750°C. And the appearance of the glass-ceramics changes from translucent, part opaque to complete opaque with increasing temperature.     

Transformation toughening of Al2O3/ZrO2 laminated ceramics with residual compressive stress

With the help of scanning electronic microscopy and X-ray diffraction, the relationships of microstructure characteristics, phase assemblage, and fracture micrograph of Al2O3/ZrO2 laminated ceramics were studied. Compared with monolithic Al2O3/ZrO2 ceramics, the existence of surface compressive stresses greatly restrained the growth of ZrO2 and Al2O3 grains at high sinter tem- perature, fined the grain size, and increased the content of metastable t-ZrO2, which made the fracture transformation energy quantity 70% higher than that of the monolithic ceramics. The trans-granular and inter-granular fracture features were observed in the surface and center layers, which further verified that transformation toughening is the main mechanism, whereas, micro-crack toughening is helpful for enhancing fracture toughness.     

烧结法制MgO-SiO_2-Al_2O_3-B_2O_3-KF玻璃陶瓷成分设计优化及显微析晶研究

通过烧结与水淬相结合的方法制备并系统探讨了MgO-SiO2-Al2O3-B2O3-KF玻璃陶瓷的显微析晶.研究表明：MgO-SiO2-Al2O3-B2O3-KF玻璃陶瓷的烧结收缩率与玻璃化及组分的析晶程度相关;析晶程度愈高,烧结坯愈致密;试样中成分配比愈接近云母晶体成分的原子比,玻璃陶瓷的显微析晶程度愈高;在烧结温度为1 000℃时,即开始出现析晶,到1 050℃时,析晶程度达到最高,继续提高烧结温度,显微析晶又发生重熔.     

多孔微晶玻璃导热理论模型的验证

为了研究多孔微晶玻璃的孔隙率与导热系数之间的关系,以伟晶岩为原料,采用粉末烧结法和添加造孔剂方法,烧制出乳白色多孔微晶玻璃.根据多孔微晶玻璃的内部结构和孔隙率情况提出3种热传导的理想等效物理模型,推导出数学公式,验证了多孔微晶玻璃的导热系数.实验结果表明,实验测得的多孔微晶玻璃导热系数值与理论导热系数之间具有较好的一致性.如果已知多孔微晶玻璃的孔隙率,那么可以利用理想等效物理模型来推算多孔微晶玻璃的导热系数.     

CaO-Al_2O_3-SiO_2 系统微晶玻璃的成分、结构与性能

借助Ｘ射线衍射定性定量分析、扫描电镜、红外光谱等现代结构测试手段以及热膨胀系数、抗折强度等性能测试,讨论ＣａＯ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＳｉＯ２系统微晶玻璃成分、结构与性能的关系,认为微晶玻璃成分通过对其中晶相含量、玻璃相结构以及两相结合状态的影响,而决定了试样的不同性能。     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of WC-20wt% Co/ZrO2（3Y）cermet composites

The cermet composites WC-20wt%Co/ZrO2（E6）with four different comtents of ZrO2（3Y）were prepared by normal vacuum sinter processing;the optical microscope and SEMwere used to characterize their microstructures.The hardness.bending strength and impact toughness of the specimens were determined.The experimental results show that ZrO2（3Y） particles in WC-20wt%Co matrix are sphcrical particles in different sizes which are distributed uniformly in Co phases and WC phases,the bending strength and impact toughness of the WC-20wt%Co cermet composites added ZrO2（3Y）improve remarkably.but the hardness values have little change.     

氧化硅-氧化锆复合高温粘合剂的制备

为提高传统硅酸盐无机粘合剂的耐高温性能,采用溶胶-凝胶法以正硅酸乙酯和氯氧化锆为原料将氧化锆引入粘合剂体系,制备出新型复合高温粘合剂。在对其结构、物相组成、热量变化、形貌进行表征的基础上研究了其热稳定性和粘结性能。结果表明,pH值对反应过程有很大的影响, pH=3为最优pH值。制备方法对复合粘合剂的性能有较大的影响,分散法比原位生成法更加优异。原料配比是粘合剂性能的重要影响因素,当硅锆摩尔比为1∶3时可制得粘结性能和热稳定性较好的复合粘合剂。     

助剂对Cu-ZnO-Al2O3-SiO2催化剂性质和催化性能的影响

研究了助剂MgO、TiO2、ZrO2等对CO2直接加氢合成二甲醚的Cu-ZnO-Al2O3-SiO2催化剂性质和催化性能的影响,并用XRD、XPS、H2-TPD、CO2-TPD、H2-TPR等手段进行了表征.结果表明,助剂不同程度地促进了CuO和ZnO的分散;降低了Cu-ZnO-Al2O3-SiO2催化剂的TPR还原温度;加入的助剂富集于催化剂表面,除ZrO2以外的其他助剂均降低了催化剂表面Cu原子的浓度;助剂对H2、CO2吸附中心有调变作用;活性评价结果表明,CO2的转化率与表面Cu原子的浓度和催化剂吸附氢的能力有关,ZrO2是CO2加氢制二甲醚Cu-ZnO-Al2O3-SiO2催化剂的优良助剂.