TC11钛合金旋转辅助超声喷丸组织演化规律研究

设计了适用于强化疲劳试样的旋转辅助超声喷丸实验平台,采用技术手段对强化试样微观组织进行表征,结果表明：超声喷丸强化技术可以选取密度更大,硬度更高的喷丸小球来提高强化效率;超声喷丸处理对疲劳试样棒工作段硬度强化是非均匀的,强化区域沿层深方向硬度呈现梯度分布;强化区域表层呈现梯度纳米结构,晶粒细化机制为引入大塑性变形导致的连续动态再结晶;超声喷丸强化时间过长会导致过度喷丸,材料表面会萌生微裂纹。     

航空发动机钛合金叶片残余应力喷丸-电磁场复合调控技术

为改善航空发动机叶片残余应力分布状态、消除喷丸对叶片表面造成的微损伤,提出了喷丸-电磁场复合调控新技术。采用X射线衍射技术分别测试了叶片残余应力在喷丸前、喷丸后和喷丸-电磁场复合调控工艺处理后的分布规律。通过叶片材料微观组织分析,探讨了喷丸-电磁场复合调控工艺影响钛合金叶片残余应力的机理。研究结果表明,喷丸-电磁场复合调控工艺使叶片表面残余压应力最大提升了7.7%,改善了喷丸造成的残余压应力分布不均匀状况,并在叶片近表层形成了较强的残余压应力场,残余压应力最大提升1.55倍。与喷丸处理叶片相比,经喷丸-电磁场复合工艺处理叶片的疲劳强度增加33%~36%。     

喷丸强化对Al-12Si合金组织及性能的影响

为了提高Al-12Si合金在高温工况下的服役寿命,文中基于喷丸强化技术,探究了表层组织细化和压应力对材料疲劳性能的影响。采用微观表征手段对组织结构进行表征,通过X射线残余应力分析仪、显维维氏硬度仪以及常温旋弯疲劳试验机对喷丸强化后材料的表面残余应力、硬度及疲劳性能进行评价。研究结果表明:喷丸强化有效改善了初生硅的大小和圆整度,硅相平均尺寸由40μm降至30μm,圆整度由基体的1.69提高至2.09,且其对Al_7Cu_4Ni尺寸影响较大,由基体的47μm~2降至10.87μm~2,另其可在Al-12Si合金表面引入170 MPa残余压应力。喷丸强化引入的应变强化可使Al-12Si合金的硬度由117 HV提高至200 HV以上。常温旋弯疲劳实验表明,喷丸强化促使Al-12Si合金的疲劳强度提高了13%以上。     

喷丸强化对NAK80钢表面完整性的影响

对析出硬化钢NAK80进行喷丸强化处理,测量了不同喷丸强度工艺下喷丸影响层显微硬度、表面残余应力沿层深的分布以及表面粗糙度,并分析了由喷丸引起的微观结构的变化,初步定性探讨了NAK80钢喷丸强化后表面完整性的改善。结果表明,NAK80钢对喷丸强度的要求不同于一般的钢,强度适当的喷丸强化可显著改善其表面完整性,而强度过高时将产生过喷效应,试验测得喷丸强化弧高值为0.40 mm.N时,NAK80钢具有良好的表面完整性能,喷丸影响层厚约为150~200μm。     

空化射流喷丸对45钢表面性能的影响

选用45钢作为研究对象,通过空化射流喷丸对其进行强化.利用microXAM型三维光学轮廓仪测量试样表面形貌,用S-3000N型扫描电镜表征试样表面的微观结构,采用71型显微硬度计测量试样截面硬度值的变化.结果表明:空化射流喷丸对45钢表面有明显的强化效果,喷射时间和射流压力对空化喷丸能力有着重要影响;空化射流喷丸强化比普通喷丸强化得到了更好的表面质量.     

喷丸对高强度变形镁合金ZK60-T5高周疲劳性能的影响

为了研究高强度变形镁合金ZK60经喷丸处理后的表面变形层微观组织结构的变化及其对高周疲劳性能的影响,首先对用半连续铸造的方法浇注的圆棒进行热挤压,挤压比为14,并对挤压棒进行T5热处理后加工成漏斗型疲劳试样,标记为ZK60-T5.然后对一部分疲劳试样进行喷丸处理,观察喷丸后试样表面变形层的微观组织变化规律,并研究喷丸处理后表面粗糙度、变形层的显微硬度和残余压应力对ZK60-T5镁合金高周疲劳性能的影响.结果表明:高强度变形镁合金ZK60-T5的最佳喷丸工艺为0.05 mmN,且经喷丸强化后,ZK60-T5镁合金表面变形层的微观组织发生了变化,疲劳强度由150 MPa提高到195 MPa,提高了30%,疲劳寿命得到显著提高,而在表面变形层残余压应力场的作用下疲劳裂纹源由表面被"驱赶"到表面强化层下.     

喷丸残余应力对裂纹扩展疲劳寿命的影响

为了研究喷丸表面处理对试样疲劳寿命的影响,基于ABAQUS软件建立含喷丸残余应力场的四点弯曲试样有限元模型和考虑裂纹闭合效应的裂纹扩展疲劳寿命预测模型。基于该模型研究了不同应力比及不同喷丸工艺条件下的受喷与未喷试样的裂纹扩展疲劳寿命。结果表明,正应力比越大越不容易产生裂纹闭合从而寿命越短,不同应力比条件下喷丸试样的疲劳寿命均约为相同条件下未喷丸试样的2.5倍;单独喷丸强化对裂纹扩展疲劳寿命的提高作用高于喷丸成形与强化的联合作用。主要是由于喷丸强化产生的残余压应力在距离表层较近的范围大于成形与强化联合作用所产生的残余压应力,且该残余压应力对裂纹扩展疲劳寿命的提高起主导作用。通过预测结果与文献实验结果的对比,验证了本文所建模型的正确性及有效性。     

基于喷丸残余应力场的疲劳裂纹扩展数值模拟

运用有限元软件ABAQUS建立喷丸强化有限元模型,研究冲击速度、弹丸半径、弹丸材料、覆盖率对残余应力场的影响.运用疲劳分析软件Msc.Fatigue建立了疲劳裂纹扩展分析模型,将非喷丸模型和喷丸模型的应力场导入Msc.Fatigue进行疲劳裂纹的扩展分析,比较研究残余应力场对疲劳裂纹扩展的影响.喷丸强化有限元模型的模拟结果表明,适当地增加冲击速度、弹丸半径、覆盖率等喷丸参数可以明显改善残余应力场的作用效果,钢丸喷丸产生的最大残余压应力值比玻璃丸喷丸产生的大.疲劳裂纹扩展分析模型的模拟结果表明,由于喷丸残余压应力场的作用,有效地改善了材料的疲劳性能,构件的疲劳裂纹扩展寿命提高了1.3倍.     

滚子链链板的喷丸强化工艺试验研究

通过对两种链板进行喷丸强化处理，研究了不同喷丸参数对疲劳性能的影响，并根据试验研究结果提出了链板喷丸处理工艺参数的选择方案     

基于喷丸残余应力场的疲劳裂纹扩展数值模拟

运用有限元软件ABAQUS建立喷丸强化有限元模型,研究冲击速度、弹丸半径、弹丸材料、覆盖率对残余应力场的影响。运用疲劳分析软件Msc.Fatigue建立了疲劳裂纹扩展分析模型,将非喷丸模型和喷丸模型的应力场导入Msc.Fatigue进行疲劳裂纹的扩展分析,比较研究残余应力场对疲劳裂纹扩展的影响。喷丸强化有限元模型的模拟结果表明,适当地增加冲击速度、弹丸半径、覆盖率等喷丸参数可以明显改善残余应力场的作用效果,钢丸喷丸产生的最大残余压应力值比玻璃丸喷丸产生的大。疲劳裂纹扩展分析模型的模拟结果表明,由于喷丸残余压应力场的作用,有效地改善了材料的疲劳性能,构件的疲劳裂纹扩展寿命提高了1.3倍。     

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d treated within 1hour after trauma was significantly lower thaoys residual stress induced by intense laser to shape precisely the plate.In this paper,the aeronautic aluminum alloy LY12CZ was selected as an object to research experimentally the magnitude of deformation versus numbers of laser shot peening,and surface quality in laser shot zone was also investigated.The specimen was impacted along its centerline by the high-power,short-duration pulses laser.The experimental results show that the arc height and hardness becomes greater with numbers of shot peening increasing and eventually arrives to saturated state,and sur- face roughness after laser shot peening decreases slightly and dislocation density increases greatly,which indicates that the laser shot peening is a technique combining laser shock processing and metal forming.     

Experimental Research on Laser Shot Peening to Form Aluminum Alloy

Laser shot peening forming is a novel technology, which employs residual stress induced by intense laser to shape precisely the plate. In this paper, the aeronautic aluminum alloy LY12CZ was selected as an object to research experimentally the magnitude of deformation versus numbers of laser shot peening, and surface quality in laser shot zone was also investigated. The specimen was impacted along its centerline by the high-power, short-duration pulses laser. The experimental results show that the arc height and hardness becomes greater with numbers of shot peening increasing and eventually arrives to saturated state, and surface roughness after laser shot peening decreases slightly and dislocation density increases greatly, which indicates that the laser shot peening is a technique combining laser shock processing and metal forming.     

Analytical Modelling of Shot-peening Residual Stress on Welding Carbon Steel Surface Layer

The residual stress distribution was studied by an analytical model, due to shot peening on the welding carbon steel surface layer. The initial welding residual stresses before shot peening were taken into consideration in this analytical model. The Hertzian elastic contact theory was used to get the elastic compression stress state after impact on the surface layer. The initial welding stress field and the shot peening stress field would superpose and the welding surface layer would yield based on the elastic-plastic evaluation, then the residual stress after shot peening can be achieved. The influence of initial welding residual stress on the stress distribution after shot peening was analyzed and discussed. A series of experiments were carried out and the residual stress on the welding surface was determined by X-ray diffractometer before and after shot peening. The calculation results of the analytical model are consistent with the experimental results. The critical shot velocities when welding surface layer yielded and reverse yielded were calculated. While the welded joint surface material reversely yielded, the maximum compressive residual stress would not obviously increase with the increase of shot velocity, the thickness of the compressive stress layer would be increased. Welding residual tensile stress can enlarge the thickness of the compressive stress layer at the same shot velocity when reverse yield appeared.     

2024铝合金喷丸粗糙度试验与数值模拟

为研究喷丸处理对2024铝合金表面粗糙度的影响,提出一种利用数值模拟预测喷丸粗糙度的有效方法。 对铝合金试件进行喷丸处理,测量得到粗糙度特征值Ra。 利用有限元软件ABAQUS对喷丸过程建立多丸粒模型并进行数值模拟,基于所提出的Ra离散化计算式,通过对采样路径上节点位移的统计处理,得到R_a模拟值,最后通过改变模型相关参数,分析喷丸参数对粗糙度的影响规律。 试验结果表明:模拟值与实测值相对误差分别为16.7%、2.5%、4.3%,两者吻合良好,验证了仿真模型及结果的正确性,另外模拟得出喷丸工件表面粗糙度随丸粒直径的增大而增加;随喷丸速度的增加而增加;随丸粒覆盖率的增大先大幅增长,后增速减缓。     

不同喷丸工艺下残余应力沿深度的分布规律

利用X射线衍射法系统研究了16种不同喷丸工艺产生的残余应力。每个工件取4个不同位置测点,每测点在表面下250μm范围内取8个测试深度,采用电解抛光进行剥层,结果表明:国产弹丸最大残余压应力出现在表面下50μm处,影响层深150μm;进口弹丸最大应力出现在50~75μm处,影响层深为200μm;喷丸工艺中抛头转速与阿尔门值成正比,随阿尔门值增大残余应力略有增加,但残余应力最大值与阿尔门值之间没有定量对应关系;喷丸后残余应力的影响层深度与弹丸特性有直接关系,而与抛头转速无关。     

Surface recrystallization of a single crystal nickel-base superalloy

The recrystallization behavior of a single crystal nickel-base superalloy was investigated by shot peening and subsequent annealing. Two kinds of recrystallization microstructures, which are intensively dependent on the annealing temperature, are shown in the nickel-base superalloy after shot peening and subsequent annealing. Surface recrystallized grains are obtained when the superalloy is annealed at solution treatment temperature. The nucleation of recrystallization originates from the dendritic core, wh...     

现代抗疲劳制造应用技术研究与发展

对近年来国内外在抗疲劳制造技术方面的研究和进展作了综述,重点分析了机械喷丸、高压水射流喷丸及激光冲击处理技术对构件疲劳性能提高的机理.基于"无应力集中"抗疲劳概念的理论模型,指出先进的表面完整性加工,尤其是表面改性可显著提高疲劳性能.对今后抗疲劳制造技术研究的重点提出了见解.     

对40Cr钢表层硬度残余应力及接触疲劳性能的研究

研究了表面淬火、离子氮化＋表面淬火的复合热处理以及复合热处理＋喷丸处理3种表面强化处理工艺对40Cr钢的表层硬度残余应力分布以及接触疲劳性能的影响,结果表明：经过复合热处理＋喷丸工艺处理的40Cr钢可获得最高的表层硬度和残余压应力,同时也表现出最为优异的接触疲劳性能。据此提出,高的表层硬度和残余应力能够有效地抑制接触疲劳裂纹在试样表面的萌生和扩展,因而可大大提高40Cr钢的接触疲劳寿命。