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为提高光伏电池的发电效率,阐述了一种基于太阳跟踪和最大功率点跟踪(MPPT)的光伏发电控制器的设计与实现.该新型控制器通过驱动两个直流电机实现光伏电池自动跟踪太阳,使其平面时刻与太阳光保持垂直.该控制器的另一个重要功能是通过MPPT技术使光伏电池输出最大功率.在实现MPPT过程中,为克服传统扰动观测(P&O)法带来的动态响应慢,稳态振荡,甚至在环境突变条件下出现跟踪错误等缺点,提出了一种改进的扰动观测(IP&O)法.最后实验结果表明该双重跟踪技术使光伏电池发电效率提高约45%~50%. 相似文献
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光伏发电系统最大功率点快速跟踪控制研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
针对光伏发电系统最大功率点跟踪(MPPT)恒定电压控制法(CVT)的缺点,提出了一种新的基于温度系数在线修正的改进CVT法,与传统的CVT控制相比,它能更快速准确地跟踪最大功率点(MPP)。为进一步提高跟踪控制的精度和效率,结合电导增量法(IncCond)实现对光伏电池最大功率点跟踪(MPPT)的复合控制,即在系统偏离MPP误差较大时采用CVT控制,快速调整光伏组件的工作点,再采用IncCond进行MPPT控制。最后通过实验验证了该MPP快速追踪控制策略的正确性和优越性。 相似文献
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光伏系统中最大功率点跟踪方法的研究 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
在光伏发电系统中,光伏电池的最大输出功率取决于温度和光照条件,采用最大功率跟踪(Maximum PowerPoint Tracking,简称MPPT)方法可以使光伏电池持续输出最人功率.研究了光伏系统中的最大功率控制部分,提出了MPPT控制器的设计,介绍了几种常用的MPPT方法,其中重点研究了电导增量(Incremental Conductance,简称INC)法.给出了INC法的软件流程的设计,并在Matlab中建立了光伏电池的仿真模型.最后通过实验验证了MPPT控制器的可行性,其MPPT的响应速度和控制精度均达到了预期要求. 相似文献
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太阳能光伏电池输出特性曲线具有强烈的非线性特征,其输出功率会随外界环境的变化而变化,故为提高太阳能光伏发电系统的效率,其有效方法之一就是对太阳能光伏电池进行最大功率点跟踪(MPPT)。根据光伏电池的等效数学模型,在Matlab/Simulink工具箱中建立仿真模型,分析了光伏发电系统主电路的拓扑结构和原理,提出一种基于功率预测的变步长扰动观察法,采用Boost电路作为DC/DC变换器进行仿真实验,结果表明,该方法能够更好地进行MPPT,提高光伏发电系统的效率。 相似文献
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为了更好地追踪光伏电池的最大功率点,应用Matlab软件,搭建了光伏电池模型。分析光伏电池U-I、U-P特性曲线的非线性特性,在克服传统扰动观察法后期出现震荡的情况下,提出了一种基于模糊控制的最大功率点跟踪(MPPT)控制策略,在Matlab软件中搭建了基于Boost升压电路的MPPT控制策略仿真模型,并对其进行了仿真,验证了算法的可靠性。通过仿真实验可得,光伏电池在环境温度和光照强度变化时,该算法仍然可以比较快速、准确地追踪最大功率点,减少在最大功率点附近的振荡,稳态效果良好。 相似文献
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后备式光伏发电系统的研究与设计 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以光伏发电技术为基础,结合电力电子和微机控制等技术,研究并设计了后备式光伏发电系统.与传统的独立式光伏发电系统相比,该系统能够拧制人阳能电池自动跟踪太阳光,并实现光伏电池的最大功率点跟踪(MPPT)控制和对蓄电池的充放电保护等功能.最后,建立了功率变换器以实现DC/DC,DC/AC变换.实验结果验证了该系统的可行性利实用性. 相似文献
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《电力学报》2017,(4)
由于光伏电池的输出功率受到光照、温度等外界因素的影响,具有非线性特性。为了提高光伏发电系统的效率必须对其输出功率进行跟踪控制。在详细分析光伏电池等效电路及输出特性的基础上,利用Matlab/Simulink平台建立了光伏系统的仿真模型,阐述了最大功率跟踪(Maximum Power Point Tracking,MPPT)控制原理,重点研究了电压型扰动观察法的实现算法,通过MPPT控制器比较前后两次的功率大小来决定光伏电池的电压扰动方向,使光伏电池最终达到最大功率点。最后对整个光伏系统进行仿真试验,仿真结果表明在光照发生改变时,MPPT控制器能够及时调节,实现最大功率点跟踪,验证了光伏系统仿真模型的正确性和控制策略的可靠性。 相似文献
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具有改进最大功率跟踪算法的光伏并网控制系统及其实现 总被引:15,自引:3,他引:12
光伏并网控制系统输送到电网的功率随着光照强度、环境温度以及光伏阵列输出电压的不同而变化,控制光伏阵列的工作点使其连续稳定地向电网输出最大功率非常必要。该文提出了基于同步旋转坐标变换实现光伏阵列最大功率跟踪与电流控制的电压源型逆变器相结合的三相光伏并网控制系统,该系统主要包括光伏阵列、直流母排电容、电压源型逆变器、滤波电感、数字信号控制器与电网。提出的改进最大功率跟踪方法,根据光伏阵列dP/dU-U的特性曲线,利用Newton-Raphson方法快速计算光伏阵列输出功率对电压的微分值,由此进一步形成光伏阵列工作在最大功率点的参考电压值。整个控制系统为双环控制,外环为电压控制环,利用一个PI调节器使光伏阵列输出电压工作在最大功率工作点;内环为电流控制环,利用2个PI调节器分别对d-q轴电流进行解耦控制,使逆变器输出电流与参考电流一致。根据所提出的控制算法,研制了一台三相光伏并网系统原理性样机,仿真与实验结果一致,系统具有良好的动稳态性能,说明了所提出的控制方案是非常有效的。 相似文献
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Solar cells convert sun light into electricity, but have the major drawbacks of high initial cost, low photo-conversion
efficiency and intermittency. The current-voltage characteristics of the solar cells depend on solar insolation level
and temperature, which lead to the variation of the maximum power point (MPP). Herein, to improve photovoltaic
(PV) system efficiency, and increase the lifetime of the battery, a microcontroller-based battery charge controller
with maximum power point tracker (MPPT) is designed for harvesting the maximum power available from the PV
system under given insolation and temperature conditions. Among different MPPT techniques, perturb and observe
(P&O) technique gives excellent results and thus is used. This work involves the design of MPPT charge controller
using DC/DC buck converter and microcontroller. A prototype MPPT charge controller is tested with a 200 W PV
panel and lead acid battery. The results show that the designed MPPT controller improves the efficiency of the PV
panel when compared to conventional charge controllers. 相似文献
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在分析了目前几种比较主流的光伏电池最大功率点跟踪(MPPT)算法的基础上提出了一种新的光伏电池MPPT算法。利用PIC16F877单片机构建的最小系统控制的Buck电路,实现了新算法的实验验证,新算法较大地提高了MPPT控制器的性价比。同时,这里还提出了一种新的基于IR2110构建的单管高边功率NMOSFET驱动电路,提高了变换器的变换效率。 相似文献
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通过对光伏电源系统的特性及最大功率点跟踪原理的深入分析,提出了一种用OIF-Elman网络算法来实现太阳能电池最大功率点跟踪的控制方法。该方法将太阳能电池和Cuk斩波电路作为一个整体,直接根据检测到的电路中电压、电流的变化,通过神经网络算法来控制Cuk电路的占空比,从而实现最大功率点的跟踪,并且OIF-Elman网络不仅计入了隐层节点的反馈,还考虑输出层节点的反馈,提高了网络泛化能力和预测精度。实验结果表明,该系统在日照强度、环境温度变化时仍能够快速、准确地跟踪到太阳能电池的最大功率点,并具有较好的稳定性。 相似文献
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Model predictive control of grid-connected PV power generation system considering optimal MPPT control of PV modules 下载免费PDF全文
Because of system constraints caused by the external environment and grid faults, the conventional maximum power point tracking (MPPT) and inverter control methods of a PV power generation system cannot achieve optimal power output. They can also lead to misjudgments and poor dynamic performance. To address these issues, this paper proposes a new MPPT method of PV modules based on model predictive control (MPC) and a finite control set model predictive current control (FCS-MPCC) of an inverter. Using the identification model of PV arrays, the module-based MPC controller is designed, and maximum output power is achieved by coordinating the optimal combination of spectral wavelength and module temperature. An FCS-MPCC algorithm is then designed to predict the inverter current under different voltage vectors, the optimal voltage vector is selected according to the optimal value function, and the corresponding optimal switching state is applied to power semiconductor devices of the inverter. The MPPT performance of the MPC controller and the responses of the inverter under different constraints are verified, and the steady-state and dynamic control effects of the inverter using FCS-MPCC are compared with the traditional feedforward decoupling PI control in Matlab/Simulink. The results show that MPC has better tracking performance under constraints, and the system has faster and more accurate dynamic response and flexibility than conventional PI control. 相似文献
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Model predictive control of grid-connected PV power generation system considering optimal MPPT control of PV modules 下载免费PDF全文
Because of system constraints caused by the external environment and grid faults, the conventional maximum power point tracking (MPPT) and inverter control methods of a PV power generation system cannot achieve optimal power output. They can also lead to misjudgments and poor dynamic performance. To address these issues, this paper proposes a new MPPT method of PV modules based on model predictive control (MPC) and a finite control set model predictive current control (FCS-MPCC) of an inverter. Using the identification model of PV arrays, the module-based MPC controller is designed, and maximum output power is achieved by coordinating the optimal combination of spectral wavelength and module temperature. An FCS-MPCC algorithm is then designed to predict the inverter current under different voltage vectors, the optimal voltage vector is selected according to the optimal value function, and the corresponding optimal switching state is applied to power semiconductor devices of the inverter. The MPPT performance of the MPC controller and the responses of the inverter under different constraints are verified, and the steady-state and dynamic control effects of the inverter using FCS-MPCC are compared with the traditional feedforward decoupling PI control in Matlab/Simulink. The results show that MPC has better tracking performance under constraints, and the system has faster and more accurate dynamic response and flexibility than conventional PI control. 相似文献
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S. M. Reza Tousi Mohammad Hassan Moradi Amin Bahrami 《IEEJ Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Engineering》2016,11(6):700-707
Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is one of the major issues in photovoltaic (PV) systems and plays a vital role in optimal utilization of these systems for practical applications. In this paper, we propose a new MPPT method that requires only one current sensor in PV panel side and uses a fuzzy controller to generate proper duty cycle for the DC–DC converter in a PV system. The input current sensor‐based fuzzy MPPT method (ICSF) exhibits proper operation both under steady state and dynamic tests and also performs well in case of severe environmental variations. The proposed method has been simulated in the MATLAB/Simulink workspace and compared with some major MPPT methods. The results reveal that the proposed method behaves well in various conditions. © 2016 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献