一种高功率因数低纹波LED驱动电源的研究

针对单级LED驱动电源输出电流低频纹波大的问题,提出了一种基于隔离型交错并联Boost变换器的单级高功率因数LED驱动电源。分析了该驱动电源的工作原理以及低频电流纹波的抑制机理,给出了一种将漏感引起的电压尖峰能量反馈到负载侧,抑制输出侧低频电流纹波的控制策略,并进行了仿真验证。最后设计了一台满载功率为100 W的数字控制样机,实验结果验证了所提电路能有效降低LED电流的低频纹波,实现LED的无频闪工作。     

整合式单开关两路恒流输出LED驱动电源

提出了一种整合式单开关两路恒流输出LED驱动电源.该LED驱动电源由非隔离Buck-Boost和Buck变换器通过一个有源开关整合而成,简化了控制环路.采用恒导通时间COT(constant on-time)控制,消除了Buck功率因数校正PFC(power factor correction)变换器输入电流的死区.因...     

Output current ripple reduction of LED driver using ceramic‐capacitor‐input circuit and buck‐boost converter

This article proposes an LED driver that consists of a ceramic‐capacitor‐input rectifier and a buck‐boost converter. The LED driver has an advantage of long life because it does not contain any electrolytic capacitors. However, the issue with electrolytic capacitor‐less LED driver is that the ripple of the smoothed voltage becomes large due to insufficient capacitance of the smoothing capacitor. The proposed method, which uses the discontinuous current mode of a buck‐boost converter, reduces the output current ripple under such conditions. Experimental results using a 5.7 W LED driver prototype demonstrate that the proposed method reduces the output current ripple and that the percent flicker becomes 4.4%, which is smaller than the recommended upper limit of 8%.     

基于Cuk变换器的无桥LED驱动电源

针对传统发光二极管LED（light-emitting diode）驱动电源因低频整流桥导致效率不高的问题,提出了一种基于Cuk PFC变换器的无桥LED驱动电源。该电源由2个共用输出的Cuk变换器并联而成,不仅保留了Cuk变换器输入输出电流脉动小、可实现升降压的优点,而且相较于现有LED驱动电源,避免了大体积变压器的使用,尤其适合空间狭小的大功率照明场合。详细分析了断续导电模式DCM（discontinuous conduction mode）下无桥LED驱动电源的工作原理及电路工作特性,最后通过仿真和实验搭建的20 W样机证明了所提拓扑的正确性。     

A single‐stage LED streetlight driver with PFC and digital PWM dimming capability

This paper proposes a single‐stage light‐emitting diode (LED) driver that offers power‐factor correction and digital pulse–width modulation (PWM) dimming capability for streetlight applications. The presented LED streetlight driver integrates an alternating current–direct current (AC–DC) converter with coupled inductors and a half‐bridge‐type LLC DC–DC resonant converter into a single‐stage circuit topology. The sub‐circuit of the AC–DC converter with coupled inductors is designed to be operated in discontinuous‐conduction mode for achieving input‐current shaping. Zero‐voltage switching of two active power switches and zero‐current switching of two output‐rectifier diodes in the presented LED driver decrease the switching losses; thus, the circuit efficiency is increased. A prototype driver for powering a 144‐W‐rated LED streetlight module with input utility‐line voltages ranging from 100 to 120 V is implemented and tested. The proposed streetlight driver features cost‐effectiveness, high circuit efficiency, high power factor, low levels of input‐current harmonics, and a digital PWM dimming capability ranging from 20% to 100% output rated LED power, which is fulfilled by a micro‐controller. Satisfying experimental results, including dimming tests, verify the feasibility of the proposed LED streetlight driver. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A simple LED driver with low dimming switch stress

This paper aims to investigate the low dimming switch stress of a light‐emitting diode (LED) driver. Most dimmable LED drivers contain a series dimming switch with a LED string to implement a pulse‐width modulation‐dimming function. However, this setup causes the dimming switch to suffer from high voltage stress in the dimming interval. To reduce the voltage stress of a dimming switch, a low switch stress scheme is presented. The dimming circuit is parallel with the LED string. Using proper arrangement and design of the parameters, the dimming circuit changes the feedback status, which results in the output driving voltage varying between a constant current and a fixed voltage operation. These two operating conditions also make the LED string turn on/off alternately and consequently and perform the dimming function. The dimming switch acts by altering the feedback path instead of cutting off the main power flow; hence, it does not need a power level switch. Details of the operating principles and design considerations are discussed in this study. A prototype boost converter was developed to verify the feasibility of the proposed low dimming switch stress LED driver. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A long lifetime passive LED driver with power factor correction

In this paper, a novel single stage passive ac to dc converter is first proposed for LED drivers. No controlled active switch, electrolytic capacitors and auxiliary power supply are required in the proposed LED driver. The advantages of the proposed driver include long lifetime, high efficiency and recyclability. In addition, application of the proposed quasi‐resonant circuit enables one to use much smaller capacitance and inductance for the capacitors and inductor to achieve high power factor and compact size. Theoretical analysis of the proposed LED driver is made, and some design guidelines are provided. Finally, a prototype system of 50‐W rating is constructed. Experimental results confirm the validity of the proposed LED driver. It can be seen that the proposed driver is robust to variations of input voltage, frequency and output load. The features of low cost, long lifetime, robustness and without EMI problem render the proposed driver a very attractive alternative for outdoor applications. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

高功率因数谐振式无桥型LED驱动电源

针对传统 LED 驱动电源交流输入侧整流二极管导通损耗大的问题,提出了一种高功率因数谐振式无桥型 LED 驱动电源。该驱动电源利用谐振网络实现了正负极性增益,即无论是正电压输入还是负电压输入,负载端均可以实现正电压输出,进而实现了无桥输入。同时,利用谐振电容电荷平衡实现了各输出支路均流,解决了并联 LED 串的均流驱动问题。该驱动电源中的双向有源开关仅采用一个控制信号,简化了控制电路。本文对该 LED 驱动电源的工作模态及工作特性进行了理论分析。该驱动电源具有结构简单、输出升降压、电气隔离等优点。最后,搭建了一台 98W 的实验样机,验证了理论分析的正确性及可行性。     

三相无电解电容LED电源

LED作为第4代光源具有其他光源所无法比拟的优势:高效,节能,长寿命等,但传统的LED电源驱动中因普遍使用电解电容,大大缩短了整体LED照明的寿命。为提高LED电源的寿命,针对路灯等大功率照明应用提出了一种三相无电解电容的LED驱动电源的设计方案。三相交流电作为输入,利用三相电之间的相位差,通过驱动电路并行向LED供电,使LED获得恒定的电流从而得到恒定光通量。根据叠加定理,给出了详细的理论推导和证明,并使用Matlab/simulink软件对于所提出的方法进行了仿真,仿真结果验证了该设计方案在无电解电容的情况下能够有效地驱动LED输出恒定光通量。     

串-并组合式正激变换器的均压控制

对串-并组合式双管正激变换器的输入端电压不均的问题提出了一种新的控制电路。采样输入端串联分压电容上的电压偏差信号,并把它分时叠加于两交错串联模块主开关管的瞬时电流采样信号上,应用峰值电流控制原理,直接调节两主开关管的占空比,实现其输入端功率均衡及均压。仅用一个交错PWM控制芯片和一个电压调节器,就可以同时实现对该组合式变换器的交错PWM、输出稳压和输入均压的综合控制,结构简单、控制方便。500W样机的实验结果验证了该方法的有效性和可行性。     

交错串联-并联双管正激变换器的一种均压方法

分析了交错控制输入串联输出并联组合式双管正激变换器输入端不均压现象及其起因。在此基础上提出新的控制策略。采样输入端串联分压电容电压的偏差,分时叠加于两交错串联模块主开关管的瞬时电流采样信号,应用峰值电流控制原理,直接调节两主开关管的占空比,实现其输入端功率均衡及均压。仅用一个交错PWM控制芯片和一个电压调节器,就可以同时实现对该组合式变换器的交错PWM、输出稳压和输入均压的综合控制,无需额外的同步电路和均压控制器。1 kW样机的仿真和实验结果验证了该方法的有效性和可行性。     

一种单级无电解电容LED驱动电路

基于Flyback的单级LED驱动电路的隔离变压器漏电感严重影响了驱动电路的工作效率,同时由于电解电容的存在,缩短了LED驱动电路的寿命。研究了一种带漏电感能量回馈通路的Buck-Boost+Flyback单级PFC驱动电路,利用一个二极管作为变压器漏电感能量回馈通路,消除开关管上的电压尖峰。建立了一定输出功率条件下中间级电容两端上限电压与电容值之间的函数关系,根据关系曲线选取合理的瓷片电容取代电解电容。研制一台输入130~260 V,输出为33 V/150 mA的实验样机验证了理论的正确性。     

一种高可靠无源恒流LED驱动电源

针对如何提高发光二极管(LED)驱动电源的使用寿命以及可靠性等问题,提出一种新型高可靠无源恒流LED驱动电源,并对其工作原理和性能特点进行了分析。由于该电源内部不含有电解电容,因此克服了由电解电容引起的LED驱动电源与LED理论使用寿命不匹配的问题。该电源内部不含有任何有源开关器件以及相关驱动、控制电路等,因此电路简单可靠。在工频交流电压输入时,其输出电流值近乎恒定,与所接负载LED串联颗数无关。最后,制作了一台220 V工频交流电压输入,输出电流平均值为350 mA,额定输出功率为42 W的试验样机,在负载LED颗数发生变化时,其输出电流识误差在10%以内,输入功率因数接近1,效率达到93.3%,实验结果验证了理论分析的正确性。     

Current‐fed isolated PFC pre‐regulator for multiple LED lamps with extended lifetime

To emit high‐quality LED light, one or a bin of LED lamp(s) is normally driven by a PWM‐controlled constant current source to minimize device variation and achieve accurate brightness control. Powered from offline AC mains, the front‐end power converters should provide a relatively low DC voltage bus for the inputs of post‐end LED current regulators. To match the long lifetime of LEDs, the whole LED driver (ballast) should work as durably as the LEDs. However, the lifetime of the driver is usually limited by the high‐voltage electrolytic charge storage capacitors used in conventional PFC pre‐regulators. In this paper, our previously proposed resonant current‐fed isolated PFC pre‐regulator is extended to operate in discontinuous conduction mode (DCM). It allows the use of the low‐voltage storage capacitors on the transformer secondary, and therefore extends the overall lifetime of the LED lighting system. A detailed procedure for finding the expected lifetime of the low‐voltage electrolytic capacitor is given. As before, the high‐voltage stress on the main switches, which is typical in current‐fed isolated converters, is reduced substantially by taking advantage of the transformer leakage inductance necessary for resonance. Additionally, high efficiency is ensured by the use of dual non‐cascading structures. Steady‐state state‐space averaging analysis is performed for designing the converter in DCM operation. A prototype converter is built to verify performance of the proposed PFC LED pre‐regulator. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

An interleaved high step‐up DC‐DC converter with double boost paths

This paper proposed a novel high step‐up converter with double boost paths. The circuit uses two switches and one double‐path voltage multiplier cell to own the double boost and interleaved effects simultaneously. The voltage gain ratio of the proposed DC‐DC converter can be three times the ratio of the conventional boost converter such that the voltage stress of the switch can be lower. The high step‐up performance is in accordance with only one double‐path voltage multiplier cell. Therefore, the number of diodes and capacitors in the proposed converter can be reduced. Furthermore, the interleaved property of the proposed circuit can reduce the losses in the rectifier diode and capacitor. The prototype circuit with 24‐V input voltage, 250‐V output voltage, and 150‐W output power is experimentally realized to verify the validity and effectiveness of the proposed converter. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

双绕组反激式单级PFC变换器及功率因数改善措施研究

为改善功率变换器的功率因数,提出一种双绕组反激式单级功率因数校正PFC(Power Factor Correction)变换拓扑。该拓扑由Boost PFC电路和具有串并联结构的双绕组反激变换电路组合而成,利用2个中间储能电容吸收变压器初级绕组的漏感能量,有效地抑制功率器件的电压应力,提高变换器的可靠性。详细分析了变换器的工作原理和稳态特性,并在传统的单电压环控制方法的基础上,将整流电压引入到控制电路,提出了一种简单的电压补偿控制方法来提高变换器的功率因数、降低输入电流的总谐波畸变率。设计制作了一台150 W/24 V实验样机,实验结果验证了所提出电路原理的正确性和采用电压补偿控制方法改善输入电流波形质量的有效性。     

两相并联LCL-nT谐振型多路均流LED驱动器研究

针对大功率发光二极管(LED)应用场合下需要多路输出及各路电流均衡的问题,提出一种具有多路输出均流的两相并联LCL-n T谐振型电路拓扑结构,详细分析两相并联LCL-nT型谐振变换器的恒流特性、多路并联输出的均流特性以及移相调光控制策略;推导出恒流工作频率表达式和能够实现多路均流的负载范围,并对谐振网络的阻抗特性和电压增益特性进行了分析,在此基础上给出一种兼顾输出功率和开关管零电压开关(zero voltage switching,ZVS)的参数设计方法。最后设计1台200 W的实验样机,实验结果验证了所提出的电路拓扑具有良好的恒流特性和均流特性,并且能实现对LED的全范围调光。     

一种高增益交错耦合电感DC/DC变换器

提出了一种高增益交错耦合电感DC-DC变换器,采用二极管、电容和电感构建无源吸收网络,回收再利用漏感能量,开关管的开关电压尖峰得到抑制,进而减小了开关管的电压应力;选用导通阻抗低的MOSFET,降低开关损耗,改善变换器效率。将2个电容和2个耦合电感副边相结合,1个导通周期内,当电容并联导通时,储存在耦合电感中的能量给电容充电;当电容串联导通时,将能量释放给输出端,从而获得高增益。此外,二极管的反向恢复问题得到有效抑制;交错并联控制抑制了输入电流纹波,变换器性能得到改善。对电路的操作原理和模态变化作了详细分析,最后搭建了1台300 W、20 V/240 V的实验样机,验证了理论分析的正确性。     

无电解电容器的高功率因数可调光LED驱动器

提出了一个两级LED驱动器,功率级基于传统的PFC＋LLC构架,而该系统与传统结构的最大差异在于没有电解电容器,这延长了驱动器的寿命及提升了系统的可靠性。此外,与市场上现存的大多数LED电源不同,该电源采用直接控制输出电流,这实际上使得驱动器成为一个电流源。,本电源设计也实现了PWM调光功能。直接控制输出电流,能够有效克服温漂带来的缺点,实验结果验证了设计分析的正确性与可行性。一     

A single‐stage integrated bridgeless AC/DC converter for electrolytic capacitor‐less LED lighting applications

In this paper, a single‐stage integrated bridgeless AC/DC converter is proposed. As compared to its counterpart that is composed of totem‐pole boost power factor correction (PFC) cascade fly‐back DC/DC converter, the studied circuit has less components number while overcoming the limits of the totem‐pole type. Thus, it is suitable to the low‐power LED lighting applications. Furthermore, when both PFC inductors L_b and magmatic inductance L_m of the transformer TR1 operate at discontinuous current mode, the bus voltage v_CB can be used to decouple the ac input and constant dc output power. Thus, the approach of increasing bus voltage ripple is employed to eliminate electrolytic capacitors and obtain long operation lifetime. Additionally, it is able to be compatible with our studied twin‐bus configuration for increasing the overall efficiency. A 50‐W hardware prototype has been designed, fabricated, and tested in the laboratory to verify the proposed converter validity. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.