基于逆阻式IGBT的三相/单相矩阵式变换器

针对三相/单相矩阵式变换器系统,提出一种平均电压脉宽调制方法,通过实时检测三相输入相电压,经过简单计算即可对输出进行正弦调制.采用新型开关器件逆阻式IGBT(RB-IGBT)实现了一台3kW的三相/单相矩阵式变换器样机,并针对RB-IGBT独特的漏电流特性,提出一种基于输入电压大小检测、适用于RB-IGBT的两步换流方法.实验结果表明,该样机可以实现正弦的输出波形.从而证明了本文提出的控制策略和换流方法的有效性和可靠性.     

基于双级矩阵变换器的直接转矩控制系统

研究了基于双级矩阵变换器的异步电机直接转矩控制策略。传统的直接转矩控制(Direct Torque Control,简称DTC)算法直接施加在双级矩阵变换器的逆变级,而在整流级使用空间矢量调制的方法。在此设计了一种特殊的换流策略,即在整流级换流前后,在逆变级插入零开关状态,保证了整流级的零电流换流特性。该方法结合了DTC和双级矩阵变换器的优点。设计并实现了实验样机系统,实验结果验证了该控制策略的可行性和有效性。     

五相双级矩阵变换器

为了提高五相异步电机调速系统的性能,提出一种新型的五相双级矩阵变换器.该变换器实现了三相输入、五相输出的直接功率变换,通过采用改进的双级拓扑结构,解决了传统矩阵变换器向多相拓展换流复杂度增加的问题.介绍了几种五相双级矩阵变换器的拓扑结构,针对五相双级变换器的空间矢量调制控制策略进行了理论推导,对变换器的控制策略的可行性进行了仿真的实验验证.仿真和实验结果表明:所提出的变换器输入电流和输出电压为正弦,谐波小且输入功率因数可控,并可实现零电压换流.     

交流调速用三相-三相矩阵式变换器研究

针对异步电动机调速系统，分析讨论了矩阵式变换器的工作原理，采用空间矢量调制技术和四步换流策略作为矩阵式变换器的控制方法，利用数字信号处理器(DSP)和可编程逻辑器件(PLD)实现了一台2.2kW的三相－三相矩阵式变换器实验样机。在其上进行了驱动异步电动机稳态运行实验，并对系统在非正常情况下的运行性能以及对电网电能质量的影响进行了分析。     

基于新型调制策略的三相-单相矩阵变换器研究

针对三相-单相矩阵变换器系统,提出了一种新型调制策略,即将虚拟整流级的空间矢量调制(Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation,简称SVPWM)和虚拟逆变级的正弦脉宽调制(Sine Pulse Width Modulation,简称SPWM)相结合进行控制,通过简单的调制合成即可实现输出电压正弦。研制了基于四步半软换流策略的1 kW三相-单相矩阵变换器实验样机,实验结果验证了所提控制策略的可行性和正确性。     

双级矩阵变换器驱动异步电机直接转矩控制

在深入分析双级矩阵变换器整流级调制算法和逆变级直接转矩控制策略的基础上,提出了采用双级矩阵变换器驱动异步电机直接转矩控制的策略。换流方式采用零电流换流的思想,即整流级换流前后,在逆变级插入零开关状态,可以保证整流级的零电流换流。此控制策略结合了双级矩阵变换器和直接转矩控制的优点,功率因数可调且具有良好的动静态性能。仿真结果验证了该控制策略的可行性和有效性,表明该策略具有与直流调速系统相媲美的调速性能。     

高频链三相矩阵式正弦波变换器研究

针对高频链矩阵式三相正弦波变换器,提出一种新的控制策略。该方法由前端逆变器将直流电源变换为高频交流等宽方波电压(单相14.28kHz),经变压器高频耦合;后端矩阵变换器(matrix converters,MC)(3×2矩阵)的双向开关采用解耦分时驱动。控制电路将常规的正弦脉宽调制(sinusoidal pulse width modulation,SPWM)信号进行适当的逻辑处理,作为MC新的驱动信号,该信号保留了SPWM信号的全部信息,其频率是载波的1/2。MC产生三相常规单极性与载波频率相等的SPWM脉冲序列,保留了SPWM模式的所有特性,滤波后得到三相交流输出。该策略MC可实现倍频效果、双向开关自然换流,且无须检测负载电流的极性;克服了该变换器中固有的电压、电流过冲,简单易于实现。分析工作原理,仿真及220V/50Hz 3.3kW实验样机验证了方案的正确性。     

18合1主电路模块化空间矢量调制矩阵变换器

提出矩阵变换器(MC)4步换流中一种通用的解码器算法,并给出具体实现过程,可适用于别的开关表和开关换流策略,具有参考价值。分析该MC的空间矢量调制策略和开关表的优化,讨论了硬件电路的设计,提出了基于数字信号处理器(DSP)28335和复杂可编程逻辑器件(CPLD)的联合控制方案,首次解密了4步换流中9个双向开关状态定量求解的步骤,推导出其表达式。搭建了基于AST965驱动的18合1双向开关模块的三相-三相交-交MC样机,实验研究较好地验证了系统设计和控制策略的正确性、可行性和可靠性,为该MC的实际应用和早日产品化提供了有效的设计方法和实验基础。     

双级矩阵变换器换流策略研究

针对双级矩阵变换器(TSMC)特殊的换流问题,研究了一种可使TSMC安全可靠工作的换流策略。分析了四步换流原理,给出了实现框图,并最终搭建了一台基于英飞凌单片机XE164+CPLD的实验样机,对换流策略进行了实验验证。实验结果表明,四步换流是一种切实可行的换流措施,不仅能实现TSMC安全可靠换流,且对TSMC输入输出性能无影响。     

基于矩阵变换器的AC/DC变换器

对传统的三相/三相矩阵变换器进行变换,得到一种新型的AC/DC变换器拓扑,并对该电路的工作原理进行了分析,通过在变换器的高频部分加入变压器,既实现了输入和输出的电气隔离,又减小了系统的重量和体积.本文对所采用的基于输入电压的双线电压调制策略机理进行了详细的分析,推导了在该调制策略下的输入电流和输出电压的表达式,说明采用该调制策略能实现三相交流输入侧电流正弦和单位功率因数,输出电压与调制指数之间存在线性的关系.采用MOTOROLA的16位微处理器和CPLD协调控制制作了一台样机,验证了理论和控制方法的正确性和可行性.     

A Novel Driving and Protection Circuit for Reverse-Blocking IGBT Used in Matrix Converter

A novel drive and protection circuit for reverse-blocking insulated gate bipolar transistor (RB-IGBT) is proposed in this paper. For the drive circuit, a dynamic current source is introduced to reduce the turn-on and turn-off transients. Meanwhile, the di/dt of the collector current and the dv/dt of the collector-emitter voltage are strictly restricted, so do the respective stresses. The drive circuit consists of a conventional push-pull driver and two controllable current sources-a current generator and a current sink. These two current sources work in switching transitions. For the protection circuit, a novel collector current detecting circuit suitable for RB-IGBT is proposed. This method detects the collector current by sensing collector-emitter voltage of the device. Further study shows that this method can be used to acquire the current signs in commutation transitions of matrix converter. A series of experiments has been carried out concerning the proposed drive and protection circuit and the experimental setup; results as well as detailed analysis are presented     

Using reverse-blocking IGBTs in power converters for adjustable-speed drives

A new semiconductor power device that is urgently needed particularly in power converter topologies, the reverse blocking insulated gate bipolar transistor (RB-IGBT), has been realized by adding minor changes to the structure of a standard IGBT to make it capable of withstanding reverse voltage. However, the switching behavior of the device's intrinsic diode during reverse recovery is not as good as a discrete IGBT and series diode implementation. This paper analyzes the use of this device in three power converter topologies that may benefit from it, namely: 1) the matrix converter, 2) the two-stage direct power converter (DPC), and 3) the three-level voltage source rectifier. A commutation method to override the poor reverse-recovery characteristic of the RB-IGBT intrinsic diode in a two-stage DPC is proposed. A loss analysis shows that by using RB-IGBTs the efficiency of the two-stage DPC becomes similar to a two-level voltage source converter.     

基于UC3879矩阵式AC／DC变换器研究

基于UC3879及矩阵式变换器,提出了一种新的AC／DC变换器。采用三相／一相矩阵式变换器,直接将三相380V／50Hz输入变换为单相高频（15kHz）电压,由高频变压器隔离,经倍流式整流、滤波输出预期的直流电压。控制电路以UC3879及外围逻辑芯片对驱动信号编码,并完成闭环控制。理论分析了系统的工作原理,并进行了4kW28．5V／140A样机实验,验证了理论分析的正确性及方案的可行性。该方案具有矩阵变换器的所有优点,拓宽了矩阵变换器的应用范围。     

Development of a novel commutation method that sharply reduces commutation failure of matrix converters

This paper proposes the safest novel commutation method for a matrix converter. There are two conventional commutation methods which depend on the polarity of the input line voltage (it is called “voltage commutation”) and depend on the polarity of the output current (it is called “current commutation”). However, problem of the voltage commutation is that commutation failure occurs around zero of the input line voltage. It is difficult to detect its polarity due to depending on offset and delay of the sensor. Similarly, the current commutation failure occurs around zero of the load current. A cause of these detection errors are a detection delay and an offset of a sensor. The proposed commutation method combines the input voltage commutation and the load current commutation. Therefore, the proposed commutation method can decrease the commutation failure without high accuracy sensor. In addition, a voltage error compensation based on the proposed commutation method is proposed in this paper. The proposed method can simply compensate for the commutation error of the output voltage and the input current at the same time. The effects of the proposed method are confirmed by experimental results with a 750 W induction motor and a R‐L load. Those results confirm that the proposed commutation can decrease commutation failure. Moreover, the total harmonics distortion of the input current and the output current are 2.6 point and 0.9 point lower than that of the condition without the compensation at 100% output power. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 168(4): 49–57, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.20826     

基于换相重叠角实时变化的SRM转矩脉动抑制控制策略

开关磁阻电机因其特殊的双凸极结构及严重的非线性问题，会导致有很大的转矩脉动存在，严重限制了其应用范围。传统的转矩分配函数受转矩特性和电压限制等影响，在换相期间仍然存在较大的转矩脉动，并且在不同的速度段，受电流变化率及换相周期的影响，在换相重叠角固定时，其转矩脉动现象会更加明显。本文提出一种换相重叠角随转速实时变化的控制策略，通过检测电机运行过程中实际转矩过零点所对应的角度，计算出相对应的换相重叠角，并建立转矩负载-电机转速-换相重叠角之间的查值表，据此可以在不同负载下随着电机转速变化查询最合适的换相重叠角，使开关磁阻电机的转矩脉动最小。最后为了验证该策略的有效性与可行性，以一台3 kW、3相12/8极开关磁阻电机为控制对象进行仿真与实验验证，证明所提方法能够在较宽的速度范围内有效抑制开关磁阻电机的转矩脉动。     

A Novel Commutation Method of Matrix Converter Fed Induction Motor Drive Using RB-IGBT

This paper gives an overview of a collector-emitter voltage sign-based commutation method. This method is implemented based on the output current sign and commutation voltage polarity signals of matrix converter. All these signals are acquired by a simple unit in the drive and protection boards designed for reverse blocking insulated gate bipolar transistors (RB-IGBTs) of the matrix converter in test. Therefore, no current and/or voltage sensor is required to obtain any other commutation signals. The RB-IGBT samples used are newly developed, and one important feature is that its reverse leakage current is mostly affected by nu_ge. Under the same temperature condition, when nuce is negative, a positively biased nu_ge results in a distinct decrease of the reverse leakage current. The proposed commutation method can supply the reverse-blocked RB-IGBTs with positively biased nu_ge . Hence, the power losses caused by the reverse leakage current can be reduced using the proposed method. Experimental results have proved the feasibility and effectivity of this method     

无传感器控制的无刷直流电机中减少转矩纹波的方法

本文分析了转矩纹波产生的原因,提出了一种在无传感器的直流无刷电机（BLDC motor）控制中减少换相转矩纹波的方法.该方法是通过检测不通电相的相电压得到换相时间来抑制电流脉动产生.在直流变频空调上应用上述方法后,电流脉动和压机振动都明显的减少和降低.     

基于矩阵变换器的400Hz单相交流电源

依据三相/单相矩阵变换器(31MC,3-phase to 1-phase matrix converter)拓扑及SPWM控制技术,设计了一台单相400 Hz 4 kVA交流电源。提出了一种门极分时驱动策略,该信号综合了整流开关函数及SPWM信息,具有扇区自动切换,双向开关自然换流功能。该方法无需检测负载电流或双向开关两端电压降的极性,可靠性高,易于实现。文章详细地分析了此交流电源的工作原理,通过仿真和试验验证了方案的正确性。     

Matrix converters

This paper deals with the vector-controlled MCT matrix converter induction motor drive with minimized commutation time and enchanced waveform quality. It also deals with the design, construction, and testing of a 10-kVA three-phase to three-phase matrix converter induction motor drive. The converter has been built using discrete 65 A metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) controlled thyristors (MCTs). The commutation time has been minimized to avoid any unnecessary waveform distortion, particularly at low demanded output voltages. This minimization gives the matrix converter superior waveform quality in comparison to a conventional inverter and maximizes the available converter output voltage before over modulation is required. The converter is vector controlled and has been tested using a 12-hp induction motor. Full results of these tests are presented.