继电保护的模拟试验

继电保护的模拟试验是对继电保护装置进行试验研究和性能测试的重要方法。本文介绍了用来进行模拟试验的电力系统静模、动模、数字仿真试验系统,分析了物理模拟试验和数字仿真试验的特点,指出了继电保护模拟试验的发展趋势。     

继电保护设备的实时数字仿真测试系统综述

介绍了目前流行的几种典型电力系统数字仿真软件。结合继电保护设备仿真测试的特点,讨论了在开发实时数字仿真测试系统时尚需研究和注意的问题。最后对几种继电保护设备的实时数字仿真测试系统的可行性方案作了分析比较。     

微机保护测试仪需考虑的若干关键问题

回顾了继电保护测试装置的发展历史,然后分析了微机保护测试装置的性能特点,重点对微机型继电保护测试装置的几个关键性问题进行了探讨,如测试信号的产生和处理、暂态特性、电源电压自动跟踪技术、试验数据规范化管理、建立特殊仿真数据库等,最后对微机型继电保护测试装置的发展进行了展望。     

微机保护测试仪需考虑的若干关键问题

回顾了继电保护测试装置的发展历史,然后分析了微机保护测试装置的性能特点,重点对微机型继电保护测试装置的几个关键性问题进行了探讨,如测试信号的产生和处理、暂态特性、电源电压自动跟踪技术、试验数据规范化管理、建立特殊仿真数据库等,最后对微机型继电保护测试装置的发展进行了展望.     

继电保护测试装置的发展与应用

介绍了变电站继电保护测试装置的分类,从故障触发方式的不同,阐述了开环测试方法和闭环测试方法,对该测试装置的应用现状进行了研究,分析了其技术特点及原理,对几种继电保护测试装置的性能进行了比较,剖析了存在的问题,并提出了改进意见及今后继电保护测试装置的发展趋向。     

电力系统继电保护问题分析

本文介绍了我国电力系统继电保护的发展进程,并对继电保护技术的发展现状进行了分析,如在继电保护中使用的新技术等等。最后指出了继电保护技术的发展趋势,并得出结论。     

基于通信机制的继电保护仿真培训系统

介绍了基于实际的继电保护装置及实际的变电站或调度监控系统配合软件仿真平台构建新型继电保护联合仿真培训系统.首先介绍了继电保护仿真培训系统的现状,介绍了完全基于硬件和软件的继电保护仿真培训系统的优缺点,其次比较了采用硬件和软件联合仿真的特点及实现模式.最后给出了基于通信机制的硬件和软件联合仿真的方案,该方案通过连接实际保护及模拟保护仿真测试,取得了成功,并用于现场培训.     

继电保护静态仿真软件

本文介绍了继电保护静态仿真软件，它主要用于校验继电保护整定计算结果和电网事故分析，它把现代的数据库技术和图形显示技术与电力系统故障计算结合起来，为继电保护整定计算人员和运行人员提供了新颖的计算分析工具。文中简述了继电保护静态仿真软件的结构、功能和实际应用情况。     

继电保护报文模拟数据系统研究

继电保护报文模拟数据系统是继电保护功能测试的基础,也是变电站综合自动化仿真测试系统的组成部分。它同基于PLC模块的变电站自动化仿真测试系统一起完成对常规变电站自动化系统的系统级测试工作。对继电保护报文模拟数据系统构成进行概要说明,在此基础上进一步说明该报文模拟装置的软硬件构成和后台系统,指出实现报文模拟数据系统的技术要点。继电保护报文模拟数据系统的研发成功为检测变电站综合自动化系统性能提供了很好的检测平台,同时为后期分析变电站事故提供了很好的分析工具。     

电力系统继电保护问题分析

本文介绍了我国电力系统继电保护的发展进程,并对继电保护技术的发展现状进行了分析,如在继电保护中使用的新技术等等.最后指出了继电保护技术的发展趋势,并得出结论.     

Distance relay application testing using a digital simulator

This paper reports on power transmission distance relay application testing using simulated transient waveforms. Power system modeling and test procedures using modern digital simulators are presented. An extensive study of five commercial relays, comparing their application for a 345 kV transmission line, is carried out by performing thousands of one-terminal and synchronized two-terminal transient tests. The digital simulation approach has proved to be an efficient technique. This paper presents a methodology for evaluating distance relay transient performance based on extensive laboratory testing. Important issues regarding application testing are also addressed and investigated in this paper     

An on-line relay coordination algorithm for adaptive protectionusing linear programming technique

An adaptive system for protecting a distribution network should determine and implement relay settings that are most appropriate for the prevailing state of the power system. This paper presents a technique for determining coordinated relay settings. The technique uses the Simplex two-phase method; Phase I determines whether the constraints selected for illustrating the conditionality between primary and back up relays are feasible, and Phase II finds the optimal relay settings. A looped distribution system, protected by directional overcurrent relays, was used for testing the technique. The tests were conducted in a laboratory environment; some results from those tests are reported in the paper     

Development of a numerical comparator for protective relaying: PartII

This paper describes the testing of a new power system numerical relaying concept. The new technique is applied to distance relaying to offer improved reliability and security of the relay, and improve the speed of relay operation. To validate the algorithm's performance, the scheme was analyzed under a variety of test conditions and compared with conventional relay concepts. This paper presents the results of the testing and shows that the new relaying scheme operated with a high level of security and dependability for all of the test cases. The tests show improvements that the new scheme can offer in comparison to the conventional schemes     

IEC 61850数字化保护动模测试系统设计与实现

IEC 61850标准的应用给变电站自动化系统带来了重大变革。在此类变电站中,保护装置可以直接从电子式互感器处获取所需的电流、电压数字量信息,并向智能开关控制器发送数字化跳闸命令。这种数字化保护与传统的微机型保护在硬件结构和信号处理方面都存在差异,传统的保护测试方法将不再适用。文章分析了基于IEC 61850的数字化保护装置的测试要求,提出通过对传统的物理模拟系统进行升级改造,建立符合要求的测试系统。根据这一思路,该新型测试系统在山东大学电力系统动态模拟实验室的基础上开发而成。初步试验结果表明,测试平台能够提供所需要的二次接口特征和测试环境,可以对不同种类的IEC 61850保护装置进行动模测试。     

A Microprocessor-Based Scheme for Testing Protective Relays

ABSTRACT

This paper presents a general hardware scheme for testing protective relays using microprocessor based systems. The microprocessor simulates the relaying signals for test purpose and monitors the relay performance. Based on the proposed hardware, a teat procedure for directional overcurrent relays is presented in detail. Typical test results of various routine tests conducted on a commercial single phase directional over-current relay clearly demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed technique for conducting tests on commercial relays.     

Design and evaluation of a circulating current differential relaytest system

This paper describes how an EMTP-based simulator can be used in conjunction with a relay test set to type-test a protection relay operating within a circulating current differential protection scheme. The combination of a simulator and a test-set is designed to replace a high power synthetic test plant that has been used for more than 30 years for type and approval testing of differential protection relays. The paper includes results that describe the operating performance of the new test system, on both internal and external faults, and these are compared with experimental results obtained from an identical set of tests on the synthetic test plant     

智能变电站继电保护装置自动测试平台的研究和应用

为了提高智能变电站继电保护装置测试效率和测试脚本的重用性,提出一种基于分布式设计、测试功能可扩展的继电保护自动测试平台解决方案。在分析智能变电站继电保护装置特点和测试平台需求的基础上,提出以数字化测试仪为主要平台的自动测试系统的设计方案,通过分布式设计架构实现测试功能扩展。通过测试脚本中语义及语法规则以及特征字典定义,实现虚拟化测试脚本编辑和生成,测试执行时通过对虚拟化测试脚本信息二次映射,生成具有一定对象、可执行实例化测试脚本,提高测试脚本的重用性。实际应用效果表明,该系统可提高继电保护装置测试效率,允许测试脚本跨装置重用,提高自动测试平台的实际使用价值。     

Testing and performance of transformer differential relays

The phenomenon of transformer magnetizing inrush current has been discussed in many papers throughout the years. A brief review of magnetizing inrush is given to provide the basis of need for transient testing. Previous studies have shown that inrush currents contain harmonic components of the fundamental waveform. Conventional philosophy has been to utilize the second harmonic current to provide inhibited operation of differential relays because of its dominance. Manufacturers have used various designs regarding higher order harmonics. The use of second and third, as well as the inclusion of all harmonics, have been seen over the years. The relay considered in this article utilized the second harmonic current to provide restraint on magnetizing inrush. The reasons for this are discussed. The authors discuss relay transient testing, EMTP transient testing, factory transient tests, EMTP testing facility, transformer differential EMTP tests, and EMTP transformer modeling. Several case studies relating to transformer differential relays are then discussed     

An adaptive distance relay and its performance comparison with a fixed data window distance relay

This paper describes the design, implementation and testing of an adaptive distance relay. The relay uses a fault detector to determine the inception of a fault and then uses data windows of appropriate length for estimating phasors and seen impedances. Hardware and software of the proposed adaptive relay are also described in this paper. The relay was tested using a model power system and a real-time playback simulator. Performance of the relay was compared with a fixed data window distance relay. Some results are reported in this paper. These results indicate that the adaptive distance relay provides faster tripping in comparison to the fixed data window distance relay.     

Design and Testing of a Multi-Microprocessor Travelling Wave Relay

This paper describes the design and testing of a digital ultra high speed (UHS) travelling wave based protective relay. It shows how a prototype has been realized by a simple and fairly low cost (a few hundred dollars for parts) dedicated multi-microprocessor system. The paper presents also the results of the tests carried out on the prototype by using a microprocessor based complex waveform signal generator (CWSG) which displays the output of a mainframe computer-based electromagnetic transients program (EMTP) in real time. The relay showed good practical behaviour, especially with regard to the UHS feature and faulted phase selection and fault classification capability.