轴向磁通开关磁阻电机的电流斩波控制研究

以轴向磁通开关磁阻电机为对象,介绍了轴向磁通开关磁阻电机控制技术,包括轴向磁通开关磁阻电机调速系统的基本原理和轴向磁通开关磁阻电机的三种基本控制方法,即电压斩波控制、电流斩波控制和角度位置控制,并在轴向磁通开关磁阻电机上应用电流斩波控制方法进行研究。     

轴向磁通开关磁阻电机的起动发电研究现状

介绍了轴向磁通开关磁阻电机的起动发电控制技术,其中包括轴向磁通开关磁阻电机调速系统的组成和轴向磁通开关磁阻电机的三种基本控制方法,即电压斩波控制、电流斩波控制和角度位置控制,指出轴向磁通开关磁阻电机在电动车辆、纺织工业、家电应用等领域良好前景。     

基于Simulink的三相开关磁阻电机调速系统仿真研究

根据开关磁阻电机的特性,建立电机数学模型,分析了电机工作原理及电机运行中的相电流、磁链和位置角三者之间的关系;在Matlab/Simulink环境下搭建开关磁阻电机调速系统模型,仿真分析了电压、开断角对电机转速、转矩、电流的影响;基于仿真分析,设计了电流、转速双闭环调速控制系统,并将其与电流斩波调速控制系统进行对比,仿真结果表明,电流、转速双闭环调速控制具有起动快、脉动小和运行稳定等优点,更适用于开关磁阻电机的调速控制。     

基于DSP的8／6极开关磁阻电机调速控制技术研究

开关磁阻电机调速系统由专用电机及其配套控制装置组成,是典型的机电一体化控制系统.介绍了以8/6极开关磁阻电机(SRM)为被控对象,TMS320LF2047作为控制器,以低速电流斩波控制、高速角度控制为控制策略,实现了全数字的开关磁阻电机调速系统的控制.通过CCC控制方式和APC控制方式的系统仿真与试验表明,开关磁阻电机具有良好的调速性能,控制特性满足中速电机的控制要求.     

电动车用开关磁阻电机全工况运行方案研究

以研制的5 kW电动车用12/8极开关磁阻电机驱动系统为例,结合电动车驱动要求,分析了全工况运行的控制逻辑;根据开关磁阻电机各种运行状态,实现了电流斩波、角度位置、电压PWM斩波及单脉冲控制相结合的全工况运行方案.经过仿真分析及实验验证,系统在各种工况稳定运行并可靠切换,能够满足电动车各种运行状态的要求.     

开关磁阻电机无位置传感控制器研究

针对机械式位置传感器增加控制系统复杂性和降低系统可靠性的问题,提出了开关磁阻电机一种新的无位置传感控制器。在建立开关磁阻电机电感模型基础上,推导无位置传感器数学模型,构建无位置传感器控制系统。通过测量激励相电压和电流,估算转子实际位置,采用电流斩波控制方法控制开关磁阻电机低速运行,采用角度位置控制方法控制开关磁阻电机高速运行。对该无位置传感系统进行仿真,并实现了对开关磁阻电机无位置传感器的控制。实验结果表明该方法能在较宽调速范围内准确地估计开关磁阻电机转子位置。     

一种开关磁阻电机限频率电流控制方法

提出了一种适用于开关磁阻电机的电流控制方法.该方法一方面限制斩波的最高频率,另一方面能避免不必要的斩波带来的电压损失.首先介绍了该方法的基本原理,然后对该方法的特性进行了分析,并在Matlab/Simulink中做了仿真.最后介绍了用CPLD实现该方法的思路.结果表明,该电流控制方法稳定性好,电流波动小,能有效降低开关损耗、提高开关磁阻电机调速系统的动态性能.     

开关磁阻电动机宽范围调速系统仿真

基于12／8极开关磁阻电动机的准线性模型，对开关磁阻电动机调速系统进行了建模和仿真，分析了在电流斩波控制和角度位置控制两种方式下开关磁阻电动机驱动系统的调速范围，提出了一种宽范围调速运行的控制策略，仿真结果验证了该控制策略的正确性和可行性。     

电动车开关磁阻电机驱动系统控制策略研究

开关磁阻电机具有结构简单、调速范围宽、可靠性高、可控参数多、过载能力强等优点,有着广泛的应用前景。首先,介绍了电动车开关磁阻电机驱动系统结构,设计了以TMS320F28335数字信号处理器(DSP)作为主控芯片的控制器。然后,根据电机不同转速段,设计了相对应的控制策略,最大化提高电机运行效率:以转速电流双闭环控制为基础,在低速区域内,采用电流PWM控制,利用PI算法调整PWM占空比,既可以限制绕组电流上限值,减小转矩脉动,又可以控制功率开关管斩波频率,避免损坏功率开关管,保证电机平稳起动运行;中速区域内采用电压PWM控制,加快转速动态响应;高速区域内采用变角度位置控制,实现电机宽范围调速。最后,在试验平台上,对提出的控制策略进行验证,测试电动车开关磁阻电机驱动系统的调速性能。试验结果表明,所提出的控制策略具有很强的适应性,使得该驱动系统具有良好的动态性能和较高的稳态精度。     

基于STM8位的高速开关磁阻电机控制器

本文研究开发了电动工具用高速两相开关磁阻电机的驱动控制系统。硬件设计上,采用数字信号处理器和可编程逻辑器件组合的方式。软件上,不同调速阶段采用不同的控制方法,低速运行时,采用双相-单相的控制方式,分别对各相绕组电流进行斩波控制,来降低起动电流;在中速运行时以恒定的电压斩波频率控制功率管的开通与关断,并通过调节占空比来调节相绕组两端的平均电压;高速时采用固定关断角,PI控制优化开通角的角度控制方式。最后进行了样机试制和样机实验,实验结果验证该控制策略下电机具有很好的起动、调速运行性能,有一定的市场应用价值。     

Four-Quadrant Sensorless Operation of Switched Reluctance Machine over the Wide Speed Range

Abstract

This paper presents four-quadrant sensorless control in switched reluctance machine (SRM) over the wide speed range. The proposed sensorless control technique could be employed not only at low speed with current chopping control (CCC) but also at high speed with angle position control (APC). At startup and low speed, the narrow voltage pulse is injected into the idle phases and the rotor position zone is determined by comparing the measured flux linkage with four flux linkage-current curves. The same flux linkage-current curves also can be adopted for rotor positions estimation at medium and high speeds. Two flux linkage-current characteristic curves in the inductance rising zone are employed to estimate the rotor position for motoring mode and the other two curves in the inductance falling zone are used to estimate the rotor position for braking mode. The experiments on a three-phase 12/8?pole SRM drive platform are carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed sensorless control technique.     

开关磁阻发电机的原理与控制策略研究

介绍开关磁阻发电机的基本工作原理、系统组成。阐述了开关磁阻发电机的控制策略:角度位置控制、电流斩波控制、PWM控制以及励磁电压控制、全导通控制斩波控制等。开关磁阻发电机降低了成本,具有较高的能量密度和高温、高速运行能力。     

直驱式电动台钻用开关磁阻电机高效控制

直驱式电动台钻用效率较高的开关磁阻电机(SRM)替换单相感应电机,将钻头直接固定到电机转子的输出端,省去传统台钻的皮带、塔轮等机械传动装置,实现直接驱动。为了实现直驱式电动台钻全转速范围内的无极调速功能,提出起动阶段采用电流斩波控制(CCC)提供大扭矩;低速阶段采用基于正余弦电流分配的方法抑制低速转矩脉动;中高速阶段采用电压斩波控制(CVC)+角度控制(APC)的变角度电压斩波组合控制方式对转速进行调节。从而实现了不同控制模式间的平滑切换的控制策略。试验结果表明:所提出的全转速范围的控制策略效率高、调速性能好,可有效提高电动台钻的性能。     

开关磁阻电机振动转矩检测与分析

开关磁阻电机(SRM)核心问题是振动转矩的检测与抑制,众多研究已表明SRM的转矩变化与其相绕组电流紧密相关。为了观测SRM工作时的电流变化和振动转矩情况,构建了磁阻电机的仿真系统,对电机在角度位置控制(APC)、电流斩波控制(CCC)和电压斩波控制(CVC)3种模式下的振动转矩和电流情况进行了仿真,结果表明以换相频率为主频的振动转矩非常明显。此外,搭建了SRM振动转矩检测试验平台,采用角加速度传感器检测了电机的实际振动转矩情况,并对试验结果进行了分析讨论。     

Application of sensor integration techniques to switched reluctancemotor drives

A novel drive system for a switched reluctance motor (SRM) is described. Instead of current sensors, the drive uses power MOSFET transistors with integrated pilot devices for current sensing. To compensate for the loss of current feedback when the switches are `off', a fixed off-time chopping strategy is used to control the phase currents. To eliminate the position sensor normally required for SR motor control, the controller estimates the rotor position using phase inductance measurements. The position estimation scheme is sufficiently precise to allow positioning of the phase firing pulses to within approximately two electrical degrees of the desired rotor angle, and full four-quadrant operation of the system is possible. A laboratory prototype system built and tested at speeds up to 3000 r/min shows good performance in all four operating quadrants, including at zero speed. The control is implemented in a single low-cost microprocessor     

Speed- and current-sensorless field-oriented induction motor drive operating at low stator frequencies

This paper aims to demonstrate that, exploiting the sensorless zero-sequence (SZS) air-gap flux estimation technique, it is possible to realize field-oriented induction motor drives without speed and current sensors, able to operate down to zero speed. According to the SZS technique a zero-sequence stator voltage component is generated as a result of the injection of a suitable high-frequency signal on the stator voltage. By manipulation of such a zero-voltage component, that is unaffected by speed and load changes, it is possible to detect both the amplitude and the angular position of the air-gap flux. In the present paper, it is shown that such a technique allows for the estimation of the motor speed and the phase currents, enabling implementation of a field-oriented control as well as speed and current closed control loops using a simple hardware which, with minor modifications, resembles that of an inexpensive constant Volt/Hertz drive. Experimental tests are shown in order to practically confirm the expected features of the proposed approach.     

超低速、高可靠空间二维转台伺服控制系统设计

为了实现空间二维转台在轨高可靠性和低成本的应用,同时具有低速平稳运动、高精度跟踪和360°全范围连续工作等能力,建立了以FPGA芯片为核心的步进电机矢量控制系统,通过电流正弦细分表的PWM斩波调节实现步进电机的128细分精准控制,以21位光电编码器作为位置反馈,谐波减速器作为传动机构,实现了二维转台的开环控制、速度实时调整跟踪控制、最优路径规划控制和运动超时保护等功能,并对场效应管开关时间对斩波频率和最大细分数的影响进行了分析。实验结果表明,四轴的跟踪精度3σ下优于0.005°,速度稳定性小于5%,伺服控制带宽大于4 Hz,具有连续过零能力。该控制系统可以简化硬件设计、增加软件适用性,适用于超低速运动,满足二维转台对伺服控制系统的指标要求。     

Sensorless IFOC of induction motor with current regulators incurrent reference frame

In this paper, a new current vector control method combined with an indirect-field-orientation feedforward algorithm is presented for shaft-sensorless induction motor drives. The new current control technique is based on the concept that the angular speed and the magnitude of the stator current vector can be controlled by two stator voltage components relative to the stator current vector. In the proposed solution, the current regulators are rotating together with the stator current vector. The new topology drive has improved low-speed performance compared to the conventional solutions     

三相反应式步进电机的一种实用型驱动器

针对三相反应式步进电机,设计了一种经济实用的驱动器。该驱动器在步进电机低速运转时采用低压供电,降低了低频振荡;在高速运转时采用高压供电,提高了高频力矩。驱动电路采用恒流斩波方式,提高了步进电机的运转扭矩和工作效率。选用IRFP250型VMOS场效应管驱动电机,使得驱动器功耗低、稳定可靠。批量使用结果表明,该驱动器电路简洁、性价比高、可用性强、易于维修,具有一定的推广使用价值。     

Modified direct torque control method for induction motor drives based on amplitude and angle control of stator flux

This paper proposes design and implementation of a direct torque controlled induction motor drive system. The method is based on control of separation between amplitude and angle of reference stator flux for determining reference stator voltage vector in generating PWM output voltage for induction motors. The objective is to reduce electromagnetic torque ripple and stator flux droop which result in a decrease in current distortion in steady-state condition. In addition, the proposed technique provides simplicity of a control system. The direct torque control is based on the relationship between instantaneous slip angular frequency and rotor angular frequency in adjustment of the reference stator flux angle. The amplitude of the reference stator flux is always kept constant at rated value. The system has been implemented to verify its capability such as torque and stator flux responses, stator phase current distortion both during dynamic and steady state with load variation, and low speed operation.