Feature Preserving Mesh Generation from 3D Point Clouds

We address the problem of generating quality surface triangle meshes from 3D point clouds sampled on piecewise smooth surfaces. Using a feature detection process based on the covariance matrices of Voronoi cells, we first extract from the point cloud a set of sharp features. Our algorithm also runs on the input point cloud a reconstruction process, such as Poisson reconstruction, providing an implicit surface. A feature preserving variant of a Delaunay refinement process is then used to generate a mesh approximating the implicit surface and containing a faithful representation of the extracted sharp edges. Such a mesh provides an enhanced trade‐off between accuracy and mesh complexity. The whole process is robust to noise and made versatile through a small set of parameters which govern the mesh sizing, approximation error and shape of the elements. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our method on a variety of models including laser scanned datasets ranging from indoor to outdoor scenes.     

Complex conforming Delaunay triangulation

A novel algorithm of conforming Delaunay triangulation for curved geometry is presented in the paper.A progress has been made for the problem puzzled Delaunay refinement where curved constraints cannot be accepted as input directly.The algorithm is based on a new sufficient condition for the existence of constraints in triangulation.It requires computing only the intersection between constraints and Voronoi edges or faces instead of the circum-sphere of curved constraint.For the termination of the algorithm...     

Localized Delaunay Refinement for Sampling and Meshing

The technique of Delaunay refinement has been recognized as a versatile tool to generate Delaunay meshes of a variety of geometries. Despite its usefulness, it suffers from one lacuna that limits its application. It does not scale well with the mesh size. As the sample point set grows, the Delaunay triangulation starts stressing the available memory space which ultimately stalls any effective progress. A natural solution to the problem is to maintain the point set in clusters and run the refinement on each individual cluster. However, this needs a careful point insertion strategy and a balanced coordination among the neighboring clusters to ensure consistency across individual meshes. We design an octtree based localized Delaunay refinement method for meshing surfaces in three dimensions which meets these goals. We prove that the algorithm terminates and provide guarantees about structural properties of the output mesh. Experimental results show that the method can avoid memory thrashing while computing large meshes and thus scales much better than the standard Delaunay refinement method.     

A highly solid model boundary preserving method for large-scale parallel 3D Delaunay meshing on parallel computers

In this paper, we propose a novel parallel 3D Delaunay triangulation algorithm for large-scale simulations on parallel computers. Our method keeps the 3D boundary representation model information during the whole parallel 3D Delaunay triangulation process running on parallel computers so that the solid model information can be accessed dynamically and the meshing results can be very approaching to the model boundary with the increase of meshing scale. The model is coarsely meshed at first and distributed on CPUs with consistent partitioned shared interfaces and partitioned model boundary meshes across processors. The domain partition aims at minimizing the edge-cuts across different processors for minimum communication cost and distributing roughly equal number of mesh vertices for load balance. Then a parallel multi-scale surface mesh refinement phase is iteratively performed to meet the mesh density criteria followed by a parallel surface mesh optimization phase moving vertices to the model boundary so as to fit model geometry feature dynamically. A dynamic load balancing algorithm is performed to change the partition interfaces if necessary. A 3D local non-Delaunay mesh repair algorithm is finally done on the shared interfaces across processors and model boundaries. The experimental results demonstrate our method can achieve high parallel performance and perfect scalability, at the same time preserve model boundary feature and generate high quality 3D Delaunay mesh as well.     

3维植物叶片精确建模和绘制技术研究

准确、灵活的叶片模型对植物建模具有重要的意义,但目前大部分植物叶片曲面模型没有提供足够的准确性和细节描述。为了给生成准确、细致的叶片几何模型提供灵活的方法,即首先利用B样条曲线来描述叶片的边缘轮廓和主脉;然后用Delaunay三角化方法对叶片曲面进行网格化;最后通过改进Loop细分规则的自适应细分方法来优化叶片曲面,从而为植物叶片提供了一种灵活的3维几何造型描述方法。由于B样条曲线能够很好地描述大部分植物叶子的轮廓,Delaunay三角化方法的使用又解决了包含多个裂片的叶片曲面的网格化问题,而自适应曲面细分方法则不仅使得生成的空间曲面具有更高的光滑度,同时可使得生成的叶片曲面能够进行卷曲变形。实验结果充分表明,该方法是有效的。     

Anisotropic surface meshing with conformal embedding

This paper introduces a parameterization-based approach for anisotropic surface meshing. Given an input surface equipped with an arbitrary Riemannian metric, this method generates a metric-adapted mesh with user-specified number of vertices. In the proposed method, the edge length of the input surface is directly adjusted according to the given Riemannian metric at first. Then the adjusted surface is conformally embedded into a parametric 2D domain and a weighted Centroidal Voronoi Tessellation and its dual Delaunay triangulation are computed on the parametric domain. Finally the generated Delaunay triangulation can be mapped from the parametric domain to the original space, and the triangulation exhibits the desired anisotropic property. We compute the high-quality remeshing results for surfaces with different types of topologies and compare our method with several state-of-the-art approaches in anisotropic surface meshing by using the standard measurement criteria.     

Polygonal surface remeshing with Delaunay refinement

Polygonal meshes are used to model smooth surfaces in many applications. Often these meshes need to be remeshed for improving the quality, density or gradedness. We apply the Delaunay refinement paradigm to design a provable algorithm for isotropic remeshing of a polygonal mesh that approximates a smooth surface. The proofs provide new insights and our experimental results corroborate the theory.     

基于Voronoi 最小邻近点集的Delaunay 三角化方法

针对局部条件下网格生成的需求,提出一种基于节点的Delaunay 三角化 生成算法,该算法以Delaunay 三角形及其对偶Voronoi 图的局部性特征为基础,通过在局部 搜索最小Voronoi 邻近点集,来生成约束点附近的局部网格,通过建立背景索引网格,来提 高算法效率。给出算法的原理证明、程序实现、效率分析和测试结果,并给出了算法的应用 领域。     

利用Voronoi协方差矩阵重建隐式曲面

目的 针对含少量离群点的噪声点云,提出了一种Voronoi协方差矩阵的曲面重建方法。方法 以隐函数梯度在Voronoi协方差矩阵形成的张量场内的投影最大化为目标,构建隐函数微分方程,采用离散外微分形式求解连续微分方程,从而将曲面重建问题转化为广义特征值求解问题。在点云空间离散化过程中,附加最短边约束条件,避免了局部空间过度剖分。并引入概率测度理论定义曲面窄带,提高了算法抵抗离群点能力,通过精细剖分曲面窄带,提高了曲面重建精度。结果 实验结果表明,该算法可以抵抗噪声点和离群点的影响,可以生成不同分辨率的曲面。通过调整拟合参数,可以区分曲面的不同部分。结论 提出了一种新的隐式曲面重建方法,无需点云法向、稳健性较强,生成的三角面纵横比好。     

基于分类体数据的四面体网格剖分算法

虚拟内窥手术是以真实病人的CT或者MRI扫描数据为基础，首先通过组织分割，在计算机内部建立起三维模型，然后通过虚拟现实技术来模拟窥镜手术全过程的一项技术。其中，人体器官的三维网格建模是该技术中一个十分重要的部分，为了准确地进行了人体器官三维网格建模，在对三维体数据进行组织分割的基础上，提出了一种由分类体数据直接建立三维四面体网格的方法，由于Delaunay三角剖分所产生的网格质量比较高，所以该方法沿用逐点插入算法的思想，以特征点的提取和Steiner布点为基础来生成四面体网格，并通过组织边界的判定准则和利用flip操作来恢复组织边界，实践证明，该方法所生成的网格具有自适应的网格密度。     

High quality real-time Image-to-Mesh conversion for finite element simulations

In this paper, we present a parallel Image-to-Mesh Conversion (I2M) algorithm with quality and fidelity guarantees achieved by dynamic point insertions and removals. Starting directly from an image, its implementation is capable of recovering the isosurface and meshing the volume with tetrahedra of good shape. Our tightly-coupled shared-memory parallel speculative execution paradigm employs carefully designed contention managers, load balancing, synchronization and optimizations schemes. These techniques are shown to boost not only the parallel but also the single-threaded efficiency of our code. Specifically, our single-threaded performance is faster than both CGAL and TetGen, the state of the art sequential open source meshing tools we are aware of. The effectiveness of our method is demonstrated on Blacklight, the Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center’s cache-coherent NUMA machine. We observe a more than 82% strong scaling efficiency for up to 64 cores, and a more than 82% weak scaling efficiency for up to 144 cores, reaching a rate of more than 14.3 million elements per second. This is the fastest 3D Delaunay mesh generation and refinement algorithm, to the best of our knowledge.     

Centroidal Voronoi diagrams for isotropic surface remeshing

This paper proposes a new method for isotropic remeshing of triangulated surface meshes. Given a triangulated surface mesh to be resampled and a user-specified density function defined over it, we first distribute the desired number of samples by generalizing error diffusion, commonly used in image halftoning, to work directly on mesh triangles and feature edges. We then use the resulting sampling as an initial configuration for building a weighted centroidal Voronoi diagram in a conformal parameter space, where the specified density function is used for weighting. We finally create the mesh by lifting the corresponding constrained Delaunay triangulation from parameter space. A precise control over the sampling is obtained through a flexible design of the density function, the latter being possibly low-pass filtered to obtain a smoother gradation. We demonstrate the versatility of our approach through various remeshing examples.     

多尺度形态滤波及弹性匹配技术在类星体谱线识别中的应用

本文提出了一种类星体谱线证认方法。首先针对特征为极值点的信号，研究了多尺度膨胀（腐蚀）关于极值点数的两种重要特性及其应用。其一是单调率特性，根据它自动选择滤波器尺度，有效地滤除脉冲噪声；另一种是单调性，它是＂从粗到精＂策略来重新恢复极值特征位置的理论基础。根据这些性质，对光谱进行多尺度膨胀（腐蚀）和特征恢复，以滤除脉冲噪声而不影响谱线特征。然后研究弹性匹配技术应用于谱线证认，并指出了匹配方法中参量的物理意义。该方法对其他一些应用领域也行之有效     

一种基于逐点插入Delaunay三角剖分生成Voronoi图的算法

采用改进的逐点插入算法生成Voronoi图。该算法在逐点插入的过程中生成凸壳,进而生成Delaunay三角剖分。在生成Voronoi图的实现过程中,通过遍历三角形的边顶点快速识别相关的三角形组,进而生成Voronoi图。试验结果表明,该算法能实现,成功生成Voronoi图。     

三维点集Voronoi图的算法实现

对现有三维点集Voronoi图的生成算法进行深入研究，提出并实现由Delaunay三角剖分构建Voronoi图的算法．首先采用随机增量局部转换计算Delaunay三角剖分，然后再根据对偶特性构建Voronoi图．该算法健壮性很高，适用于处理各种非完全共面三维点集．     

二维复杂限定Delaunay三角化算法

针对包括曲线边界和内部带有曲线限定条件的二维Delaunay三角化问题,提出了一种细化算法.首先给出了曲线段的逼近边定义,以保证限定曲线在网格中的存在;然后证明了该算法的收敛性和最终曲线的逼近边集合与原曲线的拓扑一致性,并且生成的网格符合Delaunay优化准则;最后给出了算法的应用实例,验证了其有效性.     

月面地形重构系统中的并行Delaunay算法设计

三角剖分过程是影响三维重建系统实时性的瓶颈之一,为提高三角剖分速度,基于共享内存多核计算机设计并实现了并行Delaunay算法。该算法在分治三角剖分算法的基础上,通过改进子三角网归并过程及Delaunay三角网优化过程避免了并行计算中的数据竞争问题。利用月面仿真实验场真实地形数据在50万到500万不同规模的点云数据集上进行了实验,加速比最高可达6.44。除此之外,对算法复杂度、加速比以及并行效率进行了全面分析,并将算法实际应用于月面地形重构系统,实现了虚拟地形的快速构建。     

An Experimental Study of Sliver Exudation

We present results on a two-step improvement of mesh quality in three-dimensional Delaunay triangulations. The first step refines the triangulation by inserting sinks and eliminates tetrahedra with large circumradius over shortest edge length ratio. The second step assigns weights to the vertices to eliminate slivers. Our experimental findings provide evidence for the practical effectiveness of sliver exudation. ID="A1" Correspondence and offprint requests to: H. Edelsbrunner, Department of Computer Science, Duke University, Box 90129, Durham, NC, USA     

Topology, accuracy, and quality of isosurface meshes using dynamic particles

This paper describes a method for constructing isosurface triangulations of sampled, volumetric, three-dimensional scalar fields. The resulting meshes consist of triangles that are of consistently high quality, making them well suited for accurate interpolation of scalar and vector-valued quantities, as required for numerous applications in visualization and numerical simulation. The proposed method does not rely on a local construction or adjustment of triangles as is done, for instance, in advancing wavefront or adaptive refinement methods. Instead, a system of dynamic particles optimally samples an implicit function such that the particles' relative positions can produce a topologically correct Delaunay triangulation. Thus, the proposed method relies on a global placement of triangle vertices. The main contributions of the paper are the integration of dynamic particles systems with surface sampling theory and PDE-based methods for controlling the local variability of particle densities, as well as detailing a practical method that accommodates Delaunay sampling requirements to generate sparse sets of points for the production of high-quality tessellations.     

一个利用法矢的散乱点三角剖分算法

曲面上散乱点的三角剖分在曲面重建中发挥着重要作用,借助于曲面上的法矢信息和三维Delaunay三角剖分算法,该文给出了一种新的散乱点三角剖分算法,输入一组散乱点以及所在曲面S在这些散乱点处的一致定向的法矢信息,该算法将产生一张插值散乱点的三角网格曲面M,并且曲面M可以近似地看成是曲面S的三角剖分,算法的主要步骤分为两步：首先通过曲面S的一致定向的法矢信息,在曲面S的同一侧添加辅助点,利用这些辅助点来剔除Delaunay三角剖分中产生的不需要的三角片;然后将剩余的三角片连接成一张完整的网格曲面,与基于中轴的三角剖分算法相比,该文算法需要更少和更简单的计算,与局部三角剖分算法相比,该文算法可以更有效地避免重建后的曲面产生自交,该文的算法可用于任意拓扑的光滑曲面重建。