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对于二维矩形Packing这一典型的NP难度问题,在黄文奇等人提出的拟人型穴度算法的基础上,通过定义动作空间来简化对不同放入动作的评价,使穴度的计算时间明显缩短,从而使算法能够快速地得到空间利用率较高的布局图案.实验测试了Hopper和Turton提出的21个著名的二维矩形Packing问题的实例.改进的算法对其中的每一个实例都得到了空间利用率为100%的最优布局,且在普通PC机上的平均计算时间未超过7分钟.实验结果表明,基于动作空间对拟人型穴度算法所进行的改进是明显而有效的. 相似文献
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基于欧氏距离的矩形Packing问题的确定性启发式求解算法 总被引:9,自引:1,他引:9
使用拟人的策略,提出了基于欧氏距离的占角最大穴度优先的放置方法,为矩形Packing问题的快速求解提供了一种高效的启发式算法.算法的高效性通过应用于标准电路MCNC和GSRC得到了验证. 相似文献
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链路容错是多穴嵌套移动网络的一个重要议题.在分析多穴嵌套移动网络存在的问题和回顾现有链路容错方案基础上,提出接入路由器树模型及其三类快速切换算法以确保当前会话在接入链路失效突发时的连续性.算法具有以下优点:(1)切换延时降低;(2)数据包利用率加大;(3)兼容原有网络移动协议,易于实现.算法的仿真结果表明,和现有的方案相比,本文算法的切换延时和相应的数据传输延时最小,可以实现链路容错. 相似文献
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探讨了数据挖掘数据技术的准备工作,由于神经网络方法的特殊性,数据准备更显得尤为重要.对标准的BP算法进行了研究,针对现有人工神经网络中BP算法效率较低、容易陷入局部极小等存在的问题,提出了一种改进的BP算法,并针对这种算法进行了"与"和"异或"问题中的分析测试.测试结果表明了改进的BP算法缩短了学习时间,提高了学习效率,并在一定程度上避免了学习中的局部极小问题. 相似文献
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在解决复杂多峰优化问题时,传统的"教"与"学"优化算法易于陷入局部搜索且优化效率较低.针对此问题,提出了一种基于K-均值的"教"与"学"优化改进算法,算法采用K-均值来降低种群规模,又针对"教"和"学"两个阶段进行相应改进,提高全局收敛速度;还加入了"变异"操作来避免算法陷入局部最优.实验对7个单峰值优化问题和2个有代表性的多峰值优化问题进行优化,并与手榴弹爆破算法和传统"教"与"学"优化算法进行比较,实验结果表明,该改进算法在单峰和多峰测试函数中,均能快速高效地寻得全局最优解,优于原始"教"与"学"优化算法. 相似文献
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基于离散粒子群算法的矩形件优化排样 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目前,粒子群算法在连续问题优化上的应用已经很广泛,然而在离散问题优化方面仍处在尝试阶段.提出了一种改进粒子群算法来解决矩形件排样优化问题(离散优化问题).该算法融合了遗传算法中的交叉和变异思想,采用了信息交流策略,使其达到快速优化目的.算法也对"最低水平线法"解码方式进行了改进.实验结果表明,该算法具有快速,高效特点,与现有同类算法比较,在解决矩形件排样问题方面的优势明显. 相似文献
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Ramsey数问题是一个著名的组合优化问题, 同时也是一个NP完全问题。构造对角Ramsey图是一个难处理的计算问题,使用穷举的算法来构造对角Ramsey图必然导致计算量的指数爆炸,穷举的DNA算法也不例外。提出了一个构造对角Ramsey图的递阶式DNA粘贴—剪接算法,该算法通过逐个添加顶点的思想, 逐步删除了问题的绝大部分非解,在一定程度上缓解了问题解的空间扩散。特别地, 专门针对对角Ramsey数R(5,5)的43阶Ramsey图的构造问题进行了计算分析, 分析结果充分地肯定了该算法的有效性。 相似文献
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对带宽、延时、延时抖动约束最小代价的QoS组播路由问题进行了研究,提出一种基于量子行为微粒群优化(QPSO)算法来设计路由优化算法。该算法采用一种节点序列编码方案,将路由优化问题转化成一种准连续优化问题,并采用罚函数处理约束条件。应用QPSO算法求解QoS组播路由问题的算例,并与遗传算法和改进后的遗传算法进行比较。计算机仿真实验证明,该算法可以更有效地求得QoS组播路由问题的优化解,可靠性较高。 相似文献
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The aim of this study is to solve the newspaper delivery optimization problem for a media delivery company in Turkey by reducing the total cost of carriers. The problem is modelled as an open vehicle routing problem (OVRP), which is a variant of the vehicle routing problem. A variable neighbourhood search-based algorithm is proposed to solve a real-world OVRP. The proposed algorithm is tested with varieties of small and large-scale benchmark suites and a very large-scale real-world problem instance. The results of the proposed algorithm provide either the best known solution or a competitive solution for each of the benchmark instances. The algorithm also improves the real-world company’s solutions by more than 10%. 相似文献
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Metaheuristics have been widely utilized for solving NP-hard optimization problems. However, these algorithms usually perform differently from one problem to another, i.e., one may be effective on a problem but performs badly on another problem. Therefore, it is difficult to choose the best algorithm in advance for a given problem. In contrast to selecting the best algorithm for a problem, selection hyper-heuristics aim at performing well on a set of problems (instances). This paper proposes a selection hyper-heuristic based algorithm for multi-objective optimization problems. In the proposed algorithm, multiple metaheuristics exhibiting different search behaviors are managed and controlled as low-level metaheuristics in an algorithm pool, and the most appropriate metaheuristic is selected by means of a performance indicator at each search stage. To assess the performance of the proposed algorithm, an implementation of the algorithm containing four metaheuristics is proposed and tested for solving multi-objective unconstrained binary quadratic programming problem. Experimental results on 50 benchmark instances show that the proposed algorithm can provide better overall performance than single metaheuristics, which demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. 相似文献
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集装箱装载问题是一个具有复杂约束条件的组合优化问题,属于NP-hard问题。针对集装箱装载问题的特点,设计了空间三叉树,对可利用空间采用三叉树划分策略,利用二元蚁群算法结合启发式算法进行求解,即先利用二元蚁群算法确定预备装入货物集,再用启发式算法决定货物的装入优先级顺序,并给出了有效的装箱算法。实例结果表明该算法的有效性和实用性。 相似文献
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Ying Wang Jianzhong Zhou Youlin Lu Hui Qin Yongqiang Wang 《Expert systems with applications》2011,38(11):14231-14237
This paper presents a chaotic self-adaptive particle swarm optimization algorithm (CSAPSO) to solve dynamic economic dispatch problem (DED) with value-point effects. The proposed algorithm takes PSO as the main evolution method. The velocity, a sensitive parameter of PSO, is adjusted dynamically to increase the precision of PSO. To overcome the drawback of premature in PSO, chaotic local search is imported into proposed algorithm. Moreover, a new strategy is proposed to handle the various constraints of DED problem in this paper, the results solved by proposed strategy can satisfy the constraints of DED problem well. Finally, the high feasibility and effectiveness of proposed CSAPSO algorithm is validated by three test systems consisting of 10 and extended 30 generators while compared with the experimental results calculated by the other methods reported in this literature. 相似文献
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This paper investigates a waste collection problem with the consideration of midway disposal pattern. An artificial bee colony (ABC)-based hybrid approach is developed to handle this problem, in which the hybrid ABC algorithm is proposed to generate the better optimum-seeking performance while a heuristic procedure is proposed to select the disposal trip dynamically and calculate the carbon emissions in waste collection process. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is validated by numerical experiments. Experimental results show that the proposed hybrid approach can solve the investigated problem effectively. The proposed hybrid ABC algorithm exhibits a better optimum-seeking performance than four popular metaheuristics, namely a genetic algorithm, a particle swarm optimization algorithm, an enhanced ABC algorithm and a hybrid particle swarm optimization algorithm. It is also found that the midway disposal pattern should be used in practice because it reduces the carbon emission at most 7.16% for the investigated instances. 相似文献
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Simulated annealing technique has mostly been used to solve various optimization and learning problems, and it is well known that the maximum clique problem is one of the most studied NP-hard optimization problems owing to its numerous applications. In this note, a simple simulated annealing algorithm for the maximum clique problem is proposed and tested on all 80 DIMACS maximum clique instances. Although it is simple, the proposed simulated annealing algorithm is efficient on most of the DIMACS maximum clique instances. The simulation results show that the proposed simulated annealing algorithm outperforms a recent efficient simulated annealing algorithm proposed by Xu and Ma, and the solutions obtained by the proposed simulated annealing algorithm have the equal quality with those obtained by a recent trust region heuristic algorithm of Stanislav Busygin. 相似文献