一种基于Krawtchouk矩的水印算法

提出一种基于Krawtchouk矩的水印算法,通过修改一些原始Krawtchouk矩并重构图像以获得水印图像.基于Krawtchouk矩与几何矩的关系,提出采用具有平移、比例缩放和旋转不变性的几何不变矩来检测水印.实验表明,与用Krawtchouk不变矩检测相比,该算法对于大角度旋转和图像平移的几何攻击具有更好的鲁棒性.     

基于Krawtchouk矩和小波变换的数字水印算法

提出了一种基于Krawtchouk矩和小波变换的抵抗几何攻击的内容认证水印算法。该方法首先对图像进行一次小波分解，然后计算其低频成分的Krawtchouk低阶矩不变量来构建水印。水印提取过程简单，只需计算所得图像的几个低阶Krawtchouk矩不变量。文中给出了实验结果，并与Alghoniemy提出的基于几何矩不变量的数字水印算法进行了比较。结果表明，该方法简单、有效，对旋转、缩放、剪切、组合攻击等几何攻击以及JPEG压缩攻击具有更高的稳健性。     

基于Krawtchouk不变矩和SVD-LWT的双重水印研究

为提高数字图像水印的鲁棒性和透明性,提出了一种基于Krawtchouk不变矩、奇异值分解(SVD)和提升小波变换(LWT)的彩色图像双水印算法。该算法首先从载体RGB图像中提取绿色分量进行两级提升小波变换,利用Krawtchouk不变矩对平移、旋转和缩放的不变性以及Krawtchouk矩良好的局部特性和重构性,计算其低频分量的Krawtchouk低阶矩不变量构造水印系统;然后对其变换后的中频分量奇异值进行分解,嵌入混沌置乱后的水印图像的奇异值作为另一水印系统。仿真实验结果表明,该算法不仅有良好的不可见性,而且对常见攻击和几何攻击都具有很好的鲁棒性,并具有一定的应用价值。     

基于傅里叶-梅林矩的抗几何攻击图像水印算法

如何有效抵抗几何攻击是数字图像水印研究领域的热点问题之一,一个微弱不可觉察的几何攻击就可能使绝大多数水印算法失效。以不变矩理论为基础,提出了一种基于正交傅里叶-梅林矩的可有效抵抗几何攻击的图像水印新算法。结合傅里叶-梅林矩的几何不变特性,计算出原始图像的傅里叶-梅林矩;根据稳定矩的选取规则选取部分稳定的傅里叶-梅林矩,采用量化调制策略将水印信息嵌入到所选矩的幅值中;将傅里叶-梅林矩修改前后的重构差值图像叠加到原始载体图像中,得到含水印图像。仿真实验表明,该算法不仅具有较好的不可感知性,而且对常规信号处理和几何攻击均具有较好的鲁棒性。     

抗几何攻击图像水印研究

研究图像数字水印安全问题.抵抗几何攻击一直是水印算法研究的难点和重点,在图像版权保护过程的研究,针对旋转、缩放和平移等几何攻击能够破坏水印检测的同步性,容易使常规水印算法检测不稳定的问题,利用图像伪Zernike矩的幅度具有旋转不变的性质,提出了一种可有效抵抗几何攻击的数字图像水印新方法.利用图像归一化技术将原始载体映射到几何不变空间内,以消除缩放、平移之影响,然后结合伪Zernike矩的旋转不变特性,计算出归一化图像的伪Zernike矩.最后选取部分低阶伪Zernike矩,并采纳量化调制策略将水印信息嵌入到伪Zernike矩幅值中.仿真结果表明,数字图像水印算法不仅具有良好的透明性,而且具有较强的抗攻击能力,为设计提供了可靠依据.     

鲁棒性数字图像水印技术

数字水印技术作为版权保护的重要手段已经成为了研究的热点,但是实用的鲁棒性数字水印技术不多,特别是抗几何攻击的水印算法不多.文中利用Krawtchouk不变矩对平移、旋转和缩放的不变性以及Krawtchouk矩良好的局部特性和重构性能,根据水印的容量自适应地改变某些相对稳定的低阶矩来嵌入水印,并用Rijndael加密和Arnold置乱等技术以及构造的图像特征不变矩阵生成相关的二值逻辑表来进行版权认证.实验证明,该算法不仅对JPEG压缩、裁剪、噪声等常见攻击有较强的免疫力,而且对平移、旋转、缩放等几何攻击也具有较强的免疫力.     

基于小波矩的抗几何攻击数字图像水印算法研究

针对旋转、缩放和平移等几何攻击破坏水印检测同步,从而导致水印检测失败等问题,利用归一化图像的缩放、平移不变性及小波矩的旋转不变特性,结合奇偶量化技术,提出了一种有效抵抗几何攻击的数字图像水印新算法。首先利用图像归一化技术将原始载体映射到几何不变空间内;然后计算归一化图像的小波矩,并选取部分稳定的低阶小波矩用于水印嵌入;最后利用奇偶量化方法将水印信息嵌入到所选小波矩的不变量内。仿真实验结果表明,该图像水印方案不仅具有良好的透明性,而且具有较强的抵抗常规信号处理、几何攻击、联合攻击等能力。     

基于Zernike矩和NSCT-SVD的数字水印算法研究

以非下采样Contourlet变换、奇异值分解以及Zernike 矩知识为基础,结合图像不变质心在几何攻击前后相对位置不变的特性和Zernike 矩对旋转、缩放攻击的不变性以及对噪声不敏感的特性,提出了一种利用 Zernike 矩对图像几何校正的 NSCT-SVD几何鲁棒盲水印算法。该方案中宿主图像通过非下采样 Contourlet变换分解提取出低频区域,通过量化每块奇异值矩阵的欧氏范数来嵌入水印。水印检测时,先利用Zernike 矩和不变质心等几何参数对被检测图像进行几何攻击校正,恢复水印的同步信息后再提取水印。实验结果表明,该算法对噪声、滤波、压缩以及各类几何攻击具有较好的鲁棒性。     

基于修改的Zernike矩的抗几何攻击的数字水印方法

利用图像Zernike矩的幅度具有旋转不变的性质,提出了一种抗几何攻击的图像盲水印算法.算法首先对载体图像进行分块,计算子图像的Zernike矩后将其进行正则化,对正则化后的Zernike矩进行筛选,根据水印信息对选中的Zernike矩进行修改,并对差矢量进行Zernike矩重构,通过将重构的图像在空域迭加到原始子图像中实现水印的嵌入.该算法在抽取水印时不需要原始载体图像和原始水印.实验结果表明,该算法能够抵抗旋转、缩放攻击、裁剪攻击、JPEG压缩、噪声、滤波等常规攻击.     

基于DWT的抗RST攻击鲁棒性数字水印

针对现有数字图像水印方法对几何变换攻击鲁棒性不足的问题,提出一种基于离散小波域的抗几何攻击数字水印方法,对图像进行离散小波变换,在其低频逼近子图嵌入水印,通过检测其不变矩实现数字水印检测。由于所选不变矩具有旋转、平移、尺度变换不变特征,因此该方法对几何变换攻击具有鲁棒性。仿真实验结果表明,该方法对普通加噪、滤波、JPEG压缩攻击以及旋转、缩放、平移等几何攻击均具有较好的鲁棒性。     

A robust image watermarking algorithm using SVR detection

Geometric distortion is known as one of the most difficult attacks to resist. Geometric distortion desynchronizes the location of the watermark and hence causes incorrect watermark detection. According to the Support Vector Regression (SVR), a new image watermarking detection algorithm against geometric attacks is proposed in this paper, in which the steady Pseudo-Zernike moments and Krawtchouk moments are utilized. The host image is firstly transformed from rectangular coordinates to polar coordinates, and the Pseudo-Zernike moments of the host image are computed. Then some low-order Pseudo-Zernike moments are selected, and the digital watermark is embedded into the cover image by quantizing the magnitudes of the selected Pseudo-Zernike moments. The main steps of watermark detecting procedure include: (i) some low-order Krawtchouk moments of the image are calculated, which are taken as the eigenvectors; (ii) the geometric transformation parameters are regarded as the training objective, the appropriate kernel function is selected for training, and a SVR training model can be obtained; (iii) the Krawtchouk moments of test image are selected as input vector, the actual output (geometric transformation parameters) is predicted by using the well trained SVR, and the geometric correction is performed on the test image by using the obtained geometric transformation parameters; (iv) the digital watermark is extracted from the corrected test image. Experimental results show that the proposed watermarking detection algorithm is not only robust against common signal processing such as filtering, sharpening, noise adding, and JPEG compression etc., but also robust against the geometric attacks such as rotation, translation, scaling, cropping and combination attacks, etc.     

一种基于SVR几何校正的数字水印检测算法

以回归型支持向量机（SVR）理论基础,提出了一种可有效抵抗几何攻击的图像水印检测新算法.该算法首先选取图像的组合矩作为特征向量,并通过SVR对旋转、缩放、平移等几何变换参数进行训练学习,以获得SVR训练模型;然后利用SVR训练模型对待检测图像进行数据预测,并结合预测输出结果对其进行几何校正;最后从已校正数字图像内提取出水印信息.仿真实验结果表明,本文算法对常规信号处理（滤波、叠加噪声、JPEG压缩等）和几何攻击（旋转、缩放、平移、剪切等）均具有较好的鲁棒性。     

A new SVM-based image watermarking using Gaussian-Hermite moments

Geometric attack is known as one of the most difficult attacks to resist, for it can desynchronize the location of the watermark and hence causes incorrect watermark detection. It is a challenging work to design a robust image watermarking scheme against geometric attacks. Based on the support vector machine (SVM) and Gaussian-Hermite moments (GHMs), we propose a robust image watermarking algorithm in nonsubsampled contourlet transform (NSCT) domain with good visual quality and reasonable resistance toward geometric attacks in this paper. Firstly, the NSCT is performed on original host image, and corresponding low-pass subband is selected for embedding watermark. Then, the selected low-pass subband is divided into small blocks. Finally, the digital watermark is embedded into host image by modulating adaptively the NSCT coefficients in small block. The main steps of digital watermark detecting procedure include: (1) some low-order Gaussian-Hermite moments of training image are computed, which are regarded as the effective feature vectors; (2) the appropriate kernel function is selected for training, and a SVM training model can be obtained; (3) the watermarked image is corrected with the well trained SVM model; (4) the digital watermark is extracted from the corrected watermarked image. Experimental results show that the proposed image watermarking is not only invisible and robust against common image processing operations such as filtering, noise adding, JPEG compression, etc., but also robust against the geometric attacks.     

基于第二代Bandelet变换的抗几何攻击图像水印

抗几何攻击的鲁棒图像水印设计是目前水印技术研究的难点和热点之一. 文中分析了图像的Bandelet变换特性, 提出了一种以图像特征点矢量集为特征向量的回归支持向量机(Support vector regression, SVR)和第二代 Bandelet变换的抗几何攻击图像水印算法,采取的主要方法包括: 1)在Bandelet变换提取的刻画图像局部特征的几何流系数上, 采用奇偶量化嵌入水印; 2)利用Harris-Laplace算子从归一化的含水印图像中提取具有几何形变鲁棒性的图像特征点,构造特征点矢量集 作为特征向量,应用回归支持向量机对几何变换参数进行训练学习; 3)水印检测时, 先利用SVR训练模型得到待检测图像所受几何攻击的参数并作几何校正,然后通过奇偶检测器盲提取水印.仿真实验表明,所提出的水印算 法不仅具有良好的透明性,而且对常规图像处理、一般性几何攻击和组合攻击均具有良好的鲁棒性.     

Geometrically invariant image watermarking using SVR correction in NSCT domain

Based on the support vector regression (SVR) geometric distortions correction, we propose a robust image watermarking algorithm in nonsubsampled contourlet transform (NSCT) domain with good visual quality and reasonable resistance toward geometric attacks in this paper. Firstly, the NSCT is performed on original host image, and corresponding low-pass subband is selected for embedding watermark. Then, the selected low-pass subband is divided into small blocks. Finally, the digital watermark is embedded into host image by modulating the NSCT coefficients in small blocks. In digital watermark detecting procedure, the SVR geometrical distortions correction is utilized. Experimental results show that the proposed image watermarking is invisible, and robust against common image processing and some geometrical attacks.     

一种新的基于伪Zernike矩的图像盲水印算法

抵抗几何攻击的鲁棒性是目前数字水印技术中的热点也是难点。提出一种新的基于伪Zernike矩的图像盲水印算法,首先计算图像归一化后的伪Zernike矩,然后选取部分合适的矩通过量化调制嵌入水印信息。水印提取时,利用伪Zernike矩的相位信息估计旋转角度进行几何校正,以提高矩的几何不变性。实验结果表明,本算法对于抗几何攻击尤其是旋转攻击具有很好的鲁棒性,同时也能抵抗常规的信号处理攻击。     

基于图像Tchebichef矩抗几何攻击的零水印算法

由于目前基于图像矩技术的水印算法水印容量小,算法复杂,鲁棒性有待提高,提出一种新颖的抗几何攻击的零水印算法。该算法以图像归一化技术和Tchebichef矩系数的特点为基础,首先计算原始图像单位圆内旋转归一化的Tchebichef矩,将Tchebichef矩的左上角部分扫描成数值矩阵;然后根据数值矩阵和水印图像生成二进制密钥并保存到零水印信息库。证明版权时待检测图像也按相同的流程处理,利用密钥和生成的数字矩阵提取待检测图像的水印。实验结果表明,该算法对任意角度的旋转、缩放和常规信号处理及其组合攻击具有很强的鲁棒性。     

Robust digital watermarking in PDTDFB domain based on least squares support vector machine

Geometric distortion is known as one of the most difficult attacks to resist, for it can desynchronize the location of the watermark and hence causes incorrect watermark detection. It is a challenging work to design a robust image watermarking scheme against geometric distortions. Based on the least squares support vector machine (LS-SVM) geometric distortions correction, we propose a new image watermarking scheme in shiftable complex directional pyramid (PDTDFB) domain with good visual quality and reasonable resistance toward geometric distortions in this paper. Firstly, the PDTDFB decomposition is performed on the original host image. Then, the corresponding lowpass subband is divided into small blocks. Finally, the digital watermark is embedded into host image by modulating the selected lowpass PDTDFB coefficients in small blocks. The main steps of digital watermark detecting procedure include: (1) the PDTDFB decomposition is performed on the test images, and some low-order Gaussian–Hermite moment energy of highpass subbands are computed, which are regarded as the effective feature vectors; (2) the appropriate kernel function is selected for training, and a LS-SVM training model can be obtained; (3) the watermarked image is corrected with the well trained LS-SVM model; and (4) the digital watermark is extracted from the corrected watermarked image. Experimental results show that the proposed image watermarking is not only invisible and robust against common image processing operations such as filtering, noise adding, and JPEG compression etc, but also robust against the geometrical distortions.     

A novel color image watermarking scheme in nonsampled contourlet-domain

Geometric distortion is known as one of the most difficult attacks to resist, for it can desynchronize the location of the watermark and hence causes incorrect watermark detection. It is a challenging work to design a robust color image watermarking scheme against geometric distortions. Based on the support vector regression (SVR) and nonsubsampled contourlet transform (NSCT), we propose a new color image watermarking algorithm with good visual quality and reasonable resistance toward geometric distortions in this paper. Firstly, the geometrically invariant space is constructed by using color image normalization, and a significant region is obtained from the normalized color image by utilizing the invariant centroid theory. Then, the NSCT is performed on the green channel of the significant region. Finally, the digital watermark is embedded into host color image by modifying the low frequency NSCT coefficients, in which the HVS masking is used to control the watermark embedding strength. In watermark detection, according to the high correlation among different channels of the color image, the digital watermark can be recovered by using SVR technique. Experimental results show that the proposed color image watermarking is not only invisible and robust against common image processing operations such as filtering, noise adding, and JPEG compression etc., but also robust against the geometrical distortions.