机载多天线系统的电磁仿真分析

为了研究机载多天线系统的电磁兼容特性,针对天线系统性能优化问题,分析各天线之间的干扰程度和引起天线间干扰的因素得到提高系统性能的方法。分别建立飞机平台的简化模型和三维实体模型对天线耦合度进行仿真,采用遗传算法着重分析在固定工作频率下天线的位置对耦合度的影响,并用时域有限差分算法进行仿真验证,分析所得结果吻合。模型中综合考虑了多根天线的影响,最终获得待挂载天线的最佳位置,为多天线系统设计提供了依据。     

基于PSO的E型双频天线自适应优化设计

研究天线性能优化问题,为了满足多个无线通信系统实现多系统收发共用,天线需在宽频带及不同频段下工作.为了得到优化的谐振频率和宽带,通过在矩形微带线上开两条对称的槽得到E型贴片天线,实现天线的双频功能,利用电磁仿真软件IE3D建立天线模型,通过IE3D对天线的性能进行仿真和分析,同时使用粒子群优化算法对其关键性参数进行了自适应优化,得出天线的具体尺寸.仿真结果表明,天线-10dB阻抗带宽分别为125 MHz(2400-2525MHz)和275MHz(5575-5850MHz),能够满足WLAN(2400-2484 MHz/5725-5825 MHz)的通信需求.优化的天线结构简单,具有很好的双频特性,在工作带宽内有很好的全向辐射特性.     

电磁感应位移传感器耦合天线的设计研究

新型电磁感应位移传感器具有非接触、无磨损、鲁棒性好等优势,广泛适用于各种行程与定位系统。收发天线与无源谐振器的电磁耦合特性直接影响着传感器位置测量精度。对天线电磁耦合系统工作原理和基本结构进行了研究,根据电磁场理论推导天线耦合系统电磁场分布表达式,用Matlab仿真验证模型设计的合理性与正确性。应用Ansoft Maxwell软件进行电磁性能仿真以及关键参数分析,给出合理的传感元件结构参数,为传感器的天线设计提供理论基础。     

黄金分割法结合UTD计算机载天线方向图

机载天线辐射特性的研究,对机载天线的一体化设计、布局以及机载电子系统的电磁兼容性(EMC)具有非常重要的意义.应用一致性几何绕射理论(UTD)分析机载天线的辐射特性,利用黄金分割法(0.618法)优化二阶射线寻迹,并考虑了遮挡的判断问题,提高了运算的速度和精度.以机载单极子天线为例.给出了机载天线远场方向图的仿真结果.结果比较令人满意,证明了方法是正确的,并对机载天线耦合分析有一定参考意义.     

两种双负材料电磁参数提取方法的比较验证

双负材料电磁参数的准确提取是新型双负结构探索和双负材料应用研究中的关键问题.分析研究了基于散射参数以及近似解析表达式的双负材料电磁特性参数提取技术,给出了相应的计算公式.通过对金属丝单元、谐振环单元以及金属丝与谐振环组合单元异质填充结构的电磁散射参数的计算机仿真计算,提取出三种不同结构的电磁特性参数,并根据仿真结果对两种参数提取方法进行分析比较.研究表明:解析公式提取法可以准确的预测出谐振点的位置,S参数提取法提取的参数曲线则更接近实际情况.     

一种基于分形结构的超宽带天线研究

基于微带天线和分形天线的基本理论,采用正方形和圆形交替的方法设计了用于超宽带（UWB）通信的分形天线。利用电磁仿真软件CST软件对所设计的天线进行仿真、优化,并分析了影响天线阻抗特性和辐射特性的关键参数。从仿真实验结果可以看出,所设计的天线有较好的全向辐射特性和宽的阻抗带宽,能够满足超宽带通信需求。     

星间链路天线指向建模与仿真分析

星间链路天线指向的分析在卫星通信中非常重要.为了深入研究天线指向特性从而改善星间链路以及轨道构型的设计,通过仿真方法实现了星间天线指向的建模与分析.在介绍天线参数基础上,分析了天线方向图和天线指向模型.根据卫星是否同轨道面或同轨道高度,区别描述了4种不同情况下的天线指向特性.基于HLA/RTI构建了卫星网络仿真环境,通过建立由MEO、LEO卫星和地面站构成的仿真场景,对MEO卫星间链路和LEo/地面站与MEO卫星间链路的天线指向特性进行仿真,得出轨内和轨间星间链路在天线指向特性方面的差异,并提出对星间链路设计的建议.     

射频仿真系统空域特性对导引头测角的影响

导引头性能测试中,射频仿真的关键在于天线阵列辐射被试设备所需的目标回波,但天线三元组阵列的辐射特性即射频仿真系统的空域特性与导引头真实回波之间存在差异,并且难以解析表达,使得导引头测角误差的量化分析比较困难.针对上述问题,采用天线阵列电磁建模结合雷达导引头数学建模的方法,得到系统空域特性,计算其在不同目标位置引起的导引头测角误差.结果表明:射频仿真系统的空域特性会影响导引头的测角灵敏度和测角精度,而建立的模型能准确量化误差,便于修正三元组幅度控制指令以补偿测角误差,提高导引头接收信号角位置精度,增强导引头性能测试的可靠性.     

二维带罩相控阵天线的辐射特性研究

采用物理光学法分析了二维带罩相控阵天线的远区辐射方向图.首先用解析法计算了阵列天线的辐射场,与天线罩壁的局部平板等效,按照物理光学法计算出天线罩外壁上的切向场和等效电磁流,由三维电磁流辐射公式推导出其二维辐射积分公式,用表面积分法得到天线通过天线罩传输的远区辐射场.数值仿真验证了算法的准确性和有效性,并分析了改变天线激励相位和天线罩本身参数对天线辐射特性的影响.     

双驱动端口的中高频RFID双层天线设计

为了提升天线线圈在空间中产生的磁场强度,提出一种双驱动端口的双层天线方案.首先,从理论出发介绍了设计双层天线时应该考虑的各个参数;其次,改变双层天线的参数,通过三维电磁仿真软件Ansoft HFSS进行建模仿真,探究两线圈的匝数、间距、半径以及相对位置对双层天线的影响;最后,对仿真结果进行分析,找出了最优的双层天线设计方案,对实际设计的中高频RFID读写器天线具有一定的参考价值.     

具有感应反馈环的超高频RFID标签天线设计

针对标签天线在RFID系统中的重要性,基于微带天线设计和电磁场散射理论,设计和分析了一种具有感应反馈环的超高频段RFID标签天线。天线的谐振频率为915 MHz,尺寸为78 mm×23 mm,天线显示近线性相位特性,在电压驻波比小于2的条件下,天线的阻抗带宽为100 MHz。可以通过调整感应反馈环的长度来调整天线的谐振频率,天线的增益为2.5 dBi左右。通过仿真和测量可知,这种天线能较好地满足RFID超高频段标签的要求。     

正方形嵌套分形多频印刷对称振子天线

设计了一类具有正方形嵌套结构的新型分形多频对称振子天线.振子由一系列相似的正方形单元嵌套组成.天线能够同时工作于多个频率,这些频率涵盖了WLAN系统所要求的2.4 GHz/5.2 GHz/5.8 GHz三个频率,采用三维电磁仿真软件CST MWS(R)软件进行了仿真研究,得到了平衡微带线馈电的对称振子天线的模型.制作了...     

具有匹配反馈环的微波段RFID标签天线设计

针对标签天线在RFID系统中的重要性,基于微带天线设计和电磁散射理论,设计和分析了一种具有匹配反馈环的微波段RFID标签天线。谐振频率为2.45 GHz和2.41 GHz天线的尺寸为54 mm×33 mm左右,天线显示近线性相位特性,在电压驻波比小于2的条件下天线的阻抗带宽为300 MHz。可以通过调整匹配反馈环的长度来调整天线的谐振频率,天线的增益为2.4~2.7 dBi。谐振频率为5.8 GHz的天线阻抗带宽为7%,增益为2.8~3.2 dBi,尺寸大小为20 mm×12 mm。通过仿真和测量可知,这种天线能较好地满足RFID微波段标签的要求。     

Spectrum sensing using multiple dual polarization antennas for cognitive radio systems in microcell environments

Spectrum sensing with multiple antennas for cognitive radio systems in microcell environments is affected by the spatial correlation among multiple antennas.To reduce the adverse effects of the spatial correlation on the spectrum sensing performance,we employ multiple dual polarization antennas at the sensing node of secondary users.The analysis of the spatial correlation is derived using the propagation characteristics of the electromagnetic wave based on the scattering patch model in a multipath microcell environment.The superiority of spectrum sensing with multiple dual polarized antennas over multiple mono-polarized antennas is shown by analyzing the false alarm and detection probabilities with the correlation among the antennas in a microcell environment.     

Isolation enhancement in Chinese character antenna array using simple defect ground structure

This article presents the Gui‐shaped Chinese character array antenna (GCCAA), which is loaded with the L‐shaped defect ground structure (LDGS) to improve isolation between the antennas. The GCCAA is obtained by arranging two Tu‐shaped antennas up and down. By etching a pair of LDGS on the ground, the direction of the coupling current is changed on the ground. Most importantly, the LDGS is not etched in the middle of the antenna elements, but loaded along the outer edge of the GCCAA, which not to destroy the appearance of the GCCAA and maintain the compact nature of the Chinese character. The measured results show that LDGS improves isolation from 15.4 to 37.4 dB when the antennas are placed with a 0.065 λ₀ edge‐to‐edge distance. Meanwhile, it has little influence on reflection coefficient and radiation patterns. The decoupling technique is simple and straightforward which can be easy applied in Chinese character array antenna.     

Expedited simulation‐driven design optimization of UWB antennas by means of response features

In this work, a method for fast design optimization of broadband antennas is considered. The approach is based on a feature‐based optimization (FBO) concept where reflection characteristics of the structure at hand are formulated in terms of suitably defined feature points. Redefinition of the design problem allows for reducing the design optimization cost, because the dependence of feature point coordinates on antenna dimensions is less nonlinear than for the original frequency characteristics (here, S‐parameters). This results in faster convergence of the optimization algorithm. The cost of the design process is further reduced using variable‐fidelity electromagnetic (EM) simulation models. In case of UWB antennas, the feature points are defined, among others, as the levels of the reflection characteristic at its local in‐band maxima, as well as location of the frequency point which corresponds to acceptable reflection around the lower corner frequency within the UWB band. Also, the number of characteristic points depends on antenna topology and its dimensions. Performance of FBO‐based design optimization is demonstrated using two examples of planar UWB antennas. Moreover, the computational cost of the approach is compared with conventional optimization driven by a pattern search algorithm. Experimental validation of the numerical results is also provided.     

Wire antennas optimized using genetic algorithm

In this work, wire antennas are designed to jam GSM frequencies using genetic algorithms. These antennas are designed to block communication at 3-band GSM frequencies. They are planned to be mounted on a vehicle and therefore are modeled on a ground plane. Jammer antennas designed in this work are composed of wires, placed on two square dielectric frames, perpendicular to each other. Genetic optimization routines are developed on MATLAB environment for the designs carried out in this work. Electromagnetic simulation program called SuperNEC, which analyses antennas by the method of moments, is used to determine the antenna performances and is called by the developed GA routines. The purpose of the antenna optimization is to obtain low VSWR values and omni-directional radiation pattern near ground at θ = [70° 80° 90°] planes at all GSM frequencies, since the targets will be near ground for this application. Original and interesting antenna designs are obtained as the result of genetic optimization, and are presented in the paper.     

Isolation enhancement between tightly spaced compact unidirectional patch‐antennas on multilayer EBG surfaces

In this article, ultracompact unidirectional patch antennas are used in different two‐antenna systems for biomedical applications at 5.2 GHz. Multilayer mushroom type electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) structures are designed as slow‐wave medium to reduce the size of the individual patch antennas to 0.1λ₀ by 0.18λ₀. Various techniques are investigated herein to improve antenna isolation for an enhanced Multiple‐Input Multiple‐Output (MIMO) performance. First, the coupling between 0.3λ₀‐spaced antennas is verified to occur dominantly through radiation and near‐field coupling between the patches rather than through substrate‐bound modes. Second, various configurations are proposed to suppress antenna coupling. These approaches include reorientation of the antennas and employment of parasitic radiators between the patches. A novel design is presented in which a unidirectional parasitic slot radiator on an EBG reflector is inserted between the antennas to decouple them. Measurement results confirm efficacy of these approaches in mitigating antenna coupling by more than 11 dB in the operating bandwidth of the antennas. The compact patch antennas maintain efficiency values of higher than 70%. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE 25:30–38, 2015.     

Reconfigurable terahertz Vivaldi antenna based on a hybrid graphene‐metal structure

This paper presents a reconfigurable terahertz Vivaldi antenna based on a hybrid graphene‐metal structure. The proposed antenna uses a novel tapered slot edge with hybrid graphene‐metal structure to improve the electromagnetic characteristics of classical metallic Vivaldi antennas. The results show that the proposed hybrid graphene‐metal Vivaldi antenna can be dynamically reconfigured via electric field bias, and has a low reflection coefficient. Moreover, this study demonstrates that the proposed antenna has excellent gain and radiation efficiency than that of the graphene Vivaldi antenna, and brings more possibilities to the realization and application of graphene antennas in the terahertz band, which is expected to use in terahertz wireless communication in the future.