直觉模糊逻辑的(α,β)-准锁语义归结方法*

为了提高直觉模糊命题逻辑的(α,β)-归结效率,将准锁语义归结策略应用于(α,β)-归结原理,得到直觉模糊命题逻辑的(α,β)-准锁语义归结方法,证明方法的可靠性与完备性.给出直觉模糊命题逻辑系统的(α,β)-准锁语义归结和(α,β)-准锁语义归结演绎的概念.讨论直觉模糊命题逻辑系统中的(α,β)-准锁语义归结式和锁子句的合并规则.最后,给出直觉模糊命题逻辑系统的基于(α,β)-准锁语义归结的自动推理算法步骤,并通过实例说明算法的有效性.     

命题逻辑中非子句α-有序线性广义归结方法

为了处理在不确定性环境下的自动演绎,重点研究了基于自动推理理论的归结方法,其自动推理理论是真值定义在格蕴涵代数（lattice implication algebra,LIA）结构上格值逻辑系统中的。在已有的确定真值水平α二元归结研究的基础上,作为其继续研究和扩展,引入了基于格值命题逻辑系统LP( X )的非子句多元α-有序线性广义归结方法和演绎,这从本质上避免了一个非子句广义归结演绎到规范子句的形式。随后,得到LP( X )中的非子句多元α-有序线性广义归结演绎是可靠和完备的。该研究工作为格值命题逻辑中基于自动推理的归结提供了一个更有效的方法。     

广义模糊逻辑和锁语义归结原理

将命题的真值取在格上的模糊逻辑,我们称为广义模糊逻辑。本文讨论了这种广义模糊逻辑的性质,并证明了,对于一阶谓词公式,在广义模糊逻辑中的不可满足性和在二值逻辑中的不可满足性是等价的。还证明了原始的归结原理在广义模糊逻辑中是完备的。 最后,在模糊逻辑中讨论了涉及子句真值的语义归结原理,对于在广义模糊逻辑中的不可满足配锁子句集,在任意一个模糊解释下,使用语义归结原理,总可演绎出空子句。     

具有三种否定的模糊命题逻辑形式系统FLCOM的λ-归结

考虑到模糊逻辑中定理自动证明的重要性以及目前主要研究具有一种否定的模糊逻辑的归结原理,文中对具有三种否定(矛盾否定、对立否定和中介否定)的模糊命题逻辑(FLCOM)的归结原理进行研究.基于FLCOM的一种无穷值语义解释提出λ-可满足的和λ-不可满足的概念.将λ-归结方法引入FLCOM,给出FLCOM的λ-归结演绎定义,讨论FLCOM的λ-归结原理,并证明FLCOM的λ-归结方法的完备性.基于λ-归结方法和已证明的结论给出实例以佐证文中λ-归结方法和结论的正确性和可行性.因此,在FLCOM范围内可判定任一模糊命题公式是否是λ-可满足的或λ-不可满足的.     

命题逻辑提升到一阶逻辑上的子句消去方法

在基于命题逻辑的可满足性问题（SAT）求解器和基于一阶逻辑的定理证明器上，子句集简化一直是必不可少的步骤，而其中子句消去方法在这些子句集简化方法中是非常重要的组成部分。将命题逻辑中的子句消去方法归结隐藏恒真消去方法（RHTE）和归结隐藏包含消去方法（RHSE）提升到一阶逻辑上，并且利用蕴含模归结原则（IMR）证明了这种提升方式在一阶逻辑上具有可靠性（Soundness），即依据这两种子句消去方法删除一阶逻辑公式集中的子句，并不会改变公式集的可满足性或者不可满足性。此外，将这两个方法与一阶逻辑子句消去方法锁子句消去方法（BCE）和归结包含消去方法（RSE）进行组合推广，发展得到一阶逻辑上新型子句消去方法（BC+RHS）E、（RS+RHT）E和（RHS+RHT）E，并且证明了这3种子句消去方法在一阶逻辑上的可靠性。最后，分析比较了这些子句消去方法的有效性，并且证明了这3种新型子句消去方法比组成它们的原始子句消去方法均具有更高的有效性。     

命题逻辑的子句集中文字的分类

检测和消除命题逻辑公式中的冗余文字,是人工智能领域广泛研究的基本问题。针对命题逻辑的子句集中子句的划分,结合冗余子句和冗余文字的概念,将命题逻辑的子句集中的文字分为必需文字、有用文字和无用文字3类,并分别给出其定义。讨论3种文字与无冗余等价子集的性质,给出其等价子集的等价描述方法。得到题逻辑的子句集中必需文字、有用文字和无用文字的判定方法,借助子句集的可满足性得到3种文字与子句集的可满足性的等价条件。上述结果对命题逻辑中文字属性的判断提供了多种可选择方法,同时为命题逻辑公式的化简奠定了理论基础。     

广义λ—归结

在这篇论文中,提出了广义λ-子句的概念和引进了广义λ-归结方法.证明了广义λ-归结方法对于广义λ-子句集是完备的.     

格值语义归结推理方法

归结自动推理是人工智能领域的一个重要研究方向,语义归结方法是对归结原理的一种改进,它利用限制参与归结子句类型和归结文字顺序的方法来提高推理效率。基于格蕴涵代数的格值逻辑系统的二归结原理提供了一种处理带有模糊性和不可比较性信息的工具,它能对格值逻辑系统中在一定真值水平下的不可满足逻辑公式给出反驳证明。首先研究了格值逻辑系统上一类广义子句集的性质,该类子句集在任意赋值下能分为两个非空子集,接着讨论了这类广义子句集的语义归结方法,并证明了其可靠性和完备性。     

格值命题逻辑系统中广义文字的正规性

基于格蕴涵代数的格值命题逻辑系统能定性地刻画不可比较性和不精确性。广义文字是该系统中α-归结自动推理的核心概念,是α-归结中的最基本单元。公式的正规性是α-归结原理中保持完备性的重要条件,其语义性质是公式形式的重要反映。从语义角度研究了广义文字的正规性,给出了两种典型正规公式F1→F2和(F1→F2)'的真值情况。为讨论广义文字的形式及其α-可归结性提供了理论基础。     

语言真值直觉模糊命题逻辑系统的推理规则

提出了一种基于语言真值直觉模糊代数的直觉模糊命题逻辑系统。基于语言真值格蕴涵代数生成语言真值直觉模糊代数,可同时处理具有可比性或不可比性信息。该方法可以同时处理不确定性问题的正面证据和反面证据。研究了语言真值直觉模糊命题逻辑系统LP(S)的性质,得到了其公理及推理规则,也获得了LP(S)中的证明与定理。实例说明,该方法在处理同时具有可比性和不可比性的直觉模糊决策问题中更灵活、更有效。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate