基于邻域彩色变化矢量场的图像边缘检测技术研究*

首先进行了边缘检测系统结构设计,建立了图像邻域彩色变化矢量场的数理模型,提出了用图像邻域彩色变化方向锐度描述图像边缘,进而应用模糊聚类自适应检测边缘.实验表明:与基于梯度的边缘检测技术相比,该方法在噪声抑制以及边缘准确定位上均取得了好的效果,是一种应用广泛的优秀边缘检测算法.     

一种Beamlet变换下的图像边缘检测算法

Beamlet变换是一种多尺度分析的有效工具。对基于Beamlet变换的线特征提取算法进行改进,提出一种表示Beamlet上图像灰度值加权平均的算式,提出在图像子块内沿Beamlet的各个方向搜索边缘,形成一种图像边缘检测的新算法。从检测到的边缘连贯性等方面对该算法的性能进行了评价,将该算法应用于车道线等图像的边缘检测和车道识别。实验结果表明,该算法检测到的边缘连贯性好,算法的错检率和漏检率低,且具有较强的提取线特征的能力;检测到的边缘线段包含位置、方向等信息,便于对车道等目标进行识别;算法的缺点是：抗噪性不够好且计算较为复杂,有待改进。     

基于鲁棒主成分分析的Canny边缘检测算法

为提高图像边缘检测的准确性和鲁棒性,提出一种基于鲁棒主成分分析(RPCA)的Canny边缘检测算法。该算法对图像进行RPCA分解得到图像的主成分和稀疏成分,利用Canny算子对主成分进行边缘检测,从而实现对图像的边缘检测。该算法将图像的边缘检测问题转化为图像主成分的边缘检测问题,消除了图像信息中“污点”对检测结果的干扰,抑制了噪声。仿真实验结果表明,该算法在边缘检测的准确性和鲁棒性方面优于Log边缘检测算法、Canny边缘检测算法和Susan边缘检测算法方法。     

五帧差分和边缘检测的运动目标检测

为了改进传统三帧差分的运动目标检测方法易出现的空洞和与虚假边缘的现象, 提出了一种基于五帧差分和边缘检测相融合的运动目标检测方法。该算法首先利用优化的Canny边缘检测算法快速提取五帧连续图像的边缘图像, 然后对五帧连续的边缘图像进图像的五帧差分运算, 最后通过阈值分割和形态学处理完成对目标的提取。该方法计算简单, 实验结果表明, 该算法准确率高, 连通性好, 能满足实时性检测的要求。     

改进的基于模糊集的边缘检测算法

传统的边缘检测方法对模糊边缘图像不敏感。改进了模糊边缘检测算法,用min-max重心法模糊推理该点的边缘隶属度,实现边缘检测。给出了应用本算法边缘检测的实例,并与传统的边缘检测算法进行了比较。结果表明,本算法比传统算法边缘检测效果好。     

基于双树复小波的图像边缘检测

边缘检测在图像处理中具有非常重要的作用,它可以作为图像分割、模式识别及场景分析和图像检索的基础.经典的边缘检测算法相对比较简单,但方向适应性受到一定限制,尤其针对多方向的边缘,其检测结果明显不满足要求.在充分研究小波性能特点以及边缘检测的基础上,提出了方向选择性更强的双树复小波边缘检测算法.＃实验证明:该算法边缘定位效果好,边界相对清晰而且比较连续,同时能充分检测出图像细节部分的边缘.     

基于改进边缘检测算法的图像处理技术应用

边缘检测算法通过识别每个像素在其邻域内灰度的变化而检测出图像的边缘,但由于黄土CT图像的复杂性和随机性,经试验验证,典型的边缘检测算法并不适合直接应用于黄土微结构图像的处理.对边缘检测算法进行了改进并通过VC++6.0平台实现了其功能,首先使用中值滤波和数学形态学方法对图像进行了处理,有效地降低了噪声干扰,净化了背景并增强了图像对比度;然后对图像进行基于Prewitt算法的边缘检测.通过试验验证了改进后的方法可以有效的去除虚假边缘,区分黄土颗粒的形态,从而更清晰地揭示其内部物质的结构.该方法对CT图像处理范畴的拓展,黄土微结构的研究方法和黄土工程性质的判定都有积极的指导意义.     

一种具有抗噪声干扰的图像轮廓跟踪算法的研究

提出了一种图像轮廓跟踪算法,与传统边缘检测方法相比,该算法忽略了图像内部灰度变化较大的假边缘,检测出的图像轮廓定位准确、连续、光滑、边缘细节丰富、没有假边缘、边界呈单像素宽。同时,算法具有很好的抗噪能力,几乎可以完全消除噪声对图像的影响。算法良好的检测效果为图像尺寸参数测量打下了良好的基础,实践证明该方法具备有效性和实用性,可推广应用于各种含噪声的单一目标图像的尺寸测量。     

一种矿井巷道图像边缘检测算法

针对传统的Canny算法在处理模糊的矿井巷道图像时存在边缘提取效果较差的问题,提出了一种基于小波变换和Canny算法的矿井巷道图像边缘检测算法。该算法首先对矿井巷道原始图像做小波分解,获得低频图像和高频图像,从而避免模糊图像对边缘检测效果的影响;然后采用Canny算法计算低频图像和高频图像的一阶差分,获得低频图像和高频图像的梯度图,通过计算局部梯度最大值,获得高频图像和低频图像的边缘图;当高频图像的边缘图上出现间断点时,在低频图像的边缘图中检测该点的8点邻域,寻找连接点,即可得到完整的矿井巷道边缘检测图。实验结果表明,与传统的Canny算法相比,该算法能够检测到较多的图像边缘点,具有较好的边缘连接效果。     

二维A Tuous算法图像边缘检测研究

边缘检测是图像处理的重要内容。由于图像边缘和噪声都具有高频特性,而且噪声的分布往往是未知的,所以用单一尺度的边缘检测很难准确地检测图像边缘。而基于小波的二维A Tuous算法可以检测不同尺度下的图像边缘。在小尺度下检测边缘细节,大尺度下检测边缘轮廓。该文介绍了二维A Tuous算法的基本原理和算法实现,并通过实例与传统方法比较。实验结果表明,该方法可以有效地检测图像的边缘,并优于传统方法。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Call for Papers The 6^th International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing

Recent years have seen rapid advances in various grid-related technologies, middleware, and applications. The GCC conference has become one of the largest scientific events worldwide in grid and cooperative computing. The 6th international conference on grid and cooperative computing (GCC2007) Sponsored by China Computer Federation (CCF),Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT) and Xinjiang University ,and in Cooperation with IEEE Computer Soceity ,is to be held from August 16 to 18, 2007 in Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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