基于Kalman滤波的Wiener状态估值器

应用经典稳态Kalman滤波理论提出了设计Wiener状态估值器的新方法,其原理是: 基于在Wiener滤波器形式下的稳态Kalman滤波器和预报器及ARMA新息模型,由稳态最优非 递推状态估值器的递推变形引出Wiener状态估值器.所提出的Wiener状态估值器可统一处理状 态滤波、预报和平滑问题.它们具有ARMA递推形式,且具有渐近稳定性和最优性,仿真例子说 明了它们的有效性.     

带白色和有色观测噪声系统解耦Wiener状态估值器

基于经典稳态Kalman滤波理论, 对带白色和有色观测噪声系统提出了设计最优Wiener状态估值器的新方法. 通过稳态Kalman滤波器建立ARMA新息模型, 由稳态最优非递推Kalman状态估值器的递推变形引出Wiener状态估值器, 可统一处理滤波、预报和平滑问题, 它们具有状态解耦的ARMA递推形式, 且具有渐近稳定性和最优性, 仿真结果表明了算法的有效性.     

带不确定协方差线性相关白噪声系统改进的鲁棒协方差交叉融合稳态Kalman 估值器

对于带有不确定协方差线性相关白噪声的多传感器系统, 利用Lyapunov 方程提出设计协方差交叉(CI) 融合极大极小鲁棒Kalman 估值器(预报器、滤波器、平滑器) 的一种统一方法. 利用保守的局部估值误差互协方差, 提出改进的CI 融合鲁棒稳态Kalman 估值器及其实际估值误差方差最小上界, 克服了用原始CI 融合方法给出的上界具有较大保守性的缺点, 改善了原始CI 融合器鲁棒精度. 跟踪系统的仿真例子验证了所提出方法的正确性和有效性.

     

时域Wiener状态滤波新方法

基于稳态Kalman滤波器和射影理论,提出了统一和通用的时域Wiener状态滤波新方法,用它得到带非零均值相关噪声线性随机系统的渐近稳定的Wiener状态估值器和解耦Wiener状态估值器.它可统一处理状态滤波、预报和平滑问题.发现了Kalman滤波器和Wiener滤波器之间的变换关系,Wiener状态估值器可由Kalman估值器通过自回归滑动平均(ARMA)新息模型得到.一个仿真例子说明了其有效性.     

极点配置固定区间Kalman平滑器和Wiener平滑器

基于稳态Kalman滤波器和白噪声估值器,根据控制理论中的极点配置原理,提出了极 点配置固定区间稳态Kalman平滑器和Wiener平滑器.它们避免了计算最优平滑初值,且通过配 置平滑器的极点,可快速消除初始平滑估值的影响,因而它们具有在有限固定区间上的实用稳定 性,仿真例子说明了它们的有效性.     

一种新的带白噪声估值器的固定滞后Kalman平滑器

本文基于经典Kalman滤波器和Mendel的输入白噪声估值器，应用射影理论，提 出了一种新的带白噪声估值器的最优固定滞后Kalman平滑器，且给出了平滑增益阵和平滑误 差方差阵新算法，避免了计算滤波和预报误差方差阵的逆矩阵，减少了计算负担．还提出了 相应的稳态次优固定滞后Kalman平滑器，它具有渐近稳定性．仿真例子说明了所提出的结果 的有效性．     

极点配置固定滞后稳态Kalman平滑器

基于稳态Kakman预报器和白噪声估计理论, 应用控制理论中的极点配置原理, 提出了极点配置固定滞后稳态Kalman平滑器. 它们不仅是全局渐近稳定的, 而且通过配置平滑器的极点可使初始平滑估值的影响按指数衰减迅速消失. 它们避免了计算最优初始平滑估值, 可减小计算负担. 一个雷达跟踪系统的仿真例子说明了其有效性     

时变系统的统一和通用的最优白噪声估值器

对带相关噪声的时变系统,基于Kalman滤波提出了统一和通用的最优白噪声估值器,它包括观测白噪声估值器和输入白噪声估值器两者.提出了统一的固定点和固定区间最优白噪声平滑器.特别对时不变系统提出了统一的稳态白噪声估值器.它们为解决状态或信号估计和反卷积问题提供了新的途径和工具,且可应用于石油地震勘探数据处理.一个Bernoulli_Gaussian白噪声的仿真例子说明了它们的有效性.     

网络化不确定系统集中式融合鲁棒稳态估值器

对于一类在状态转移阵和系统观测阵中带相同的状态依赖乘性噪声、带噪声依赖乘性噪声、一步随机观测滞后、丢包和不确定噪声方差的多传感器网络化系统,文章研究其鲁棒集中式融合稳态滤波问题.应用增广方法将系统转换为带随机参数矩阵、相同过程和观测噪声的集中式融合系统.应用去随机化方法和虚拟噪声技术,系统进一步转化为仅带不确定噪声方差的集中式融合系统.根据极大极小鲁棒估计原理,本文提出了鲁棒集中式融合稳态Kalman估值器(预报器、滤波器和平滑器),证明了所提出的集中式融合估值器的鲁棒性,给出了鲁棒局部与集中式融合估值器之间的精度关系.本文提出了应用于多传感器多通道滑动平均(MA)信号估计的一个实例,给出了相应的鲁棒局部和集中式融合信号估值器.仿真实验验证了所提出方法的有效性和正确性.     

具有噪声方差及多种网络诱导不确定系统鲁棒Kalman估计

对不确定噪声方差乘性噪声,同时带观测缺失、丢包和一步随机观测滞后三种网络诱导特征的混合不确定网络化系统,应用带虚拟噪声的扩维方法和去随机参数方法,将其转化为带不确定虚拟噪声方差的时变系统.基于极大极小鲁棒估计原理,对带虚拟噪声方差保守上界的最坏情形系统,设计了鲁棒时变和稳态Kalman估值器.对所有容许的不确定性,保证实际Kalman估计误差方差有最小上界.应用扩展的Lyapunov方程方法和矩阵分解方法证明了所设计估值器的鲁棒性.证明了实际和保守估值器的精度关系,以及时变和稳态估值器间的按实现收敛性.应用于F-404航空发动机系统的仿真验证了所提出结果的正确性和有效性.     

Robust nonfragile Kalman filtering for uncertain linear systemswith estimator gain uncertainty

The note is concerned with the problem of a robust nonfragile Kalman filter design for a class of uncertain linear systems with norm-bounded uncertainties. The designed state estimator can tolerate multiplicative uncertainties in the state estimator gain matrix. The robust nonfragile state estimator designs are given in terms of solutions to algebraic Riccati equations. The designs guarantee known upper bounds on the steady-state error covariance. A numerical example is given to illustrate the results     

White noise estimators for networked systems with packet dropouts

This paper studies the optimal and suboptimal deconvolution problems over a network subject to random packet losses, which are modeled by an independent identically distributed Bernoulli process. By the projection formula, an optimal input white noise estimator is first presented with a stochastic Kalman filter. We show that this obtained deconvolution estimator is time-varying, stochastic, and it does not converge to a steady value. Then an alternative suboptimal input white-noise estimator with deterministic gains is developed under a new criterion. The estimator gain and its respective error covariance-matrix information are derived based on a new suboptimal state estimator. It can be shown that the suboptimal input white-noise estimator converges to a steady-state one under appropriate assumptions.     

Robust Kalman filtering for uncertain discrete‐time linear systems

This paper presents a steady‐state robust state estimator for a class of uncertain discrete‐time linear systems with norm‐bounded uncertainty. It is shown that if the system satisfies some particular structural conditions and if the uncertainty has a specific structure, the gain of the robust estimator (which assures a guaranteed cost) can be calculated using a formula only involving the original system matrices. Among the conditions the system has to satisfy, the strongest one relies on a minimum phase argument. It is also shown that under the assumptions considered, the robust estimator is in fact the Kalman filter for the nominal system. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Reduced order state estimators for discrete-time stochastic systems

A reduced order, least squares, state estimator is developed for linear discrete-time systems having both input disturbance noise and output measurement noise with no output being free of measurement noise. The order reduction is achieved by using a Luenberger observer in connection with some of the system outputs and a Kalman filter to estimate the state of the Luenberger observer. The order of the resulting state estimator is reduced from the order of the usual Kalman filter system state estimator by the number of system outputs selected for use as inputs to the Luenberger Observer. The manner in which the noise associated with the selected system outputs affects the state estimation error covariance provides considerable insight into the compromise being attempted.     

固定区间Kalman平滑新算法

用现代时间序列分析方法,基于ＡＲＭＡ新息模型和白噪声估值器,提出了一种正向固定区间稳态Ｋａｌｍａｎ平滑新算法和两种反向固定区间稳态Ｋａｌｍａｎ平滑新算法,并给出了保证算法最优性的最优初值公式。算法简单,便于实时应用。仿真例子说明了它们的有效性。     

Optimal state estimation using randomly delayed measurements without time stamping

This paper studies an optimal state estimation (Kalman filtering) problem under the assumption that output measurements are subject to random time delays caused by network transmissions without time stamping. We first propose a random time delay model which mimics many practical digital network systems. We then study the so‐called unbiased, uniformly bounded linear state estimators and show that the estimator structure is given based on the average of all received measurements at each time for different maximum time delays. The estimator gains can be derived by solving a set of recursive discrete‐time Riccati equations. The estimator is guaranteed to be optimal in the sense that it is unbiased with uniformly bounded estimation error covariance. A simulation example shows the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

State estimation with probability constraints

This paper considers a state estimation problem for a discrete-time linear system driven by a Gaussian random process. The second order statistics of the input process and state initial condition are uncertain. However, the probability that the state and input satisfy linear constraints during the estimation interval is known. A minimax estimation problem is formulated to determine an estimator that minimises the worst-case mean square error criterion, over the uncertain second order statistics, subject to the probability constraints. It is shown that a solution to this constrained state estimation problem is given by a Kalman filter for appropriately chosen input and initial condition models. These models are obtained from a finite dimensional convex optimisation problem. The application of this estimator to an aircraft tracking problem quantifies the improvement in estimation accuracy obtained from the inclusion of probability constraints in the minimax formulation.     

Moving data window gradient‐based iterative algorithm of combined parameter and state estimation for bilinear systems

The combined iterative parameter and state estimation problem is considered for bilinear state‐space systems with moving average noise in this paper. There are the product terms of state variables and control variables in bilinear systems, which makes it difficult for the parameter and state estimation. By designing a bilinear state estimator based on the Kalman filtering, the states are estimated using the input‐output data. Furthermore, a moving data window (MDW) is introduced, which can update the dynamical data by removing the oldest data and adding the newest measurement data. A state estimator‐based MDW gradient‐based iterative (MDW‐GI) algorithm is proposed to estimate the unknown states and parameters jointly. Moreover, given the extended gradient‐based iterative (EGI) algorithm as a comparison, the MDW‐GI algorithm can reduce the impact of noise to parameter estimation and improve the parameter estimation accuracy. The numerical simulation examples validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.