一种利用叠加降噪提高二次相关TDOA精度的方法

二次相关TDOA算法具有一定的抗噪声性能,但在信噪比很低的条件下无法准确估计出时延。针对二次相关TDOA算法,在低信噪比下可能存在误差的情况,提出了利用叠加降噪提高接收信号的信噪比的新方法,从而提高算法精度。在接收到信号后,算法依据统计学的理论,采用信号叠加降噪的方法提高信号的信噪比,从而提升二次相关TDOA结果的精度。通过仿真结果表明,在低信噪比的情况下改进后的算法在较大程度上提升了时延估计的精度,提高了二次相关TDOA的应用范围。     

一种从饱和正弦信号中恢复原信号幅值与相位的方法

本文面向电磁耦合传感系统,提出一种从饱和正弦信号中估计原信号幅值与相位的方法。该方法利用正弦信号具有大小变化和过零的特性,在饱和信号中提取未饱和部分信号样本;然后用基于最小二乘法拟合的线性矩阵计算,实现信号的正弦和余弦分量估计,计算得到信号幅值和相位。通过仿真考察饱和程度和噪声水平对恢复信号幅值和相位等参数的影响;结果表明,当满足足够的采样点数条件时,本方法能在一定的噪声下完成大范围（十倍饱和界限）饱和信号的恢复,并能够保证较高的信号提取精确度和计算速度。这为大范围饱和情况下的信号准确提取和扩大测量量程提供了依据。     

一种改进加权函数的GCC时延估计方法研究

针对多站时差定位系统在低信噪比下无法获得准确的时延估计,进而影响时差定位的精度,提出一种改进加权函数的广义互相关(GCC)时延估计方法.通过分析和比较采用不同传统加权函数进行广义互相关时延估计的性能,对加权函数进行改进.改进的加权函数同时引入两路信号的自功率谱密度函数和互功率谱密度函数,使得加权函数的分子分母变化趋势相同,以适应不同强度的信号.在相同条件下,模拟分析不同加权函数的时延估计精度,结果表明,采用改进的加权函数进行广义互相关时延估计,在较低信噪比下能够获得较高的时延估计精度,同时对小功率信号也具有良好的时延估计效果.     

基于改进飞蛾扑火优化算法的MIMO雷达相位编码信号集设计

提出一种MIMO雷达相位编码信号集设计方法，该方法对飞蛾扑火优化算法进行改进，利用改进的飞蛾扑火算法优化相位编码信号集，提高其正交性.在改进方法中，增加对火焰的更新过程，使火焰不仅能够保存最优飞蛾位置还具有搜索最优解的功能.优化过程以自相关函数旁瓣峰值和、互相关函数峰值和，以及自相关函数旁瓣能量、互相关函数能量作为算法适应度函数.仿真实验结果表明，改进方法明显提高了飞蛾扑火优化算法的收敛速度和收敛精度，且优化得到的信号集具有较低的自相关旁瓣值和互相关值.     

混沌理论微弱信号检测方法的可行性分析

论述了混沌理论微弱信号检测方法的可行性,提出了利用混沌理论检测微弱正弦周期信号的仿真模型,采用了含有78个混沌振子的阵列来检测微弱正弦信号的幅值、频率、相位,从而达到高信噪比的测量.此方法是目前信噪比门限较低的时域信号处理方法,因而具有广泛的应用前景.     

基于正弦函数的高速采样插值方法

在虚拟仪器的技术基础上,提出了一种新的高精度反映被测信号的方法.这种方法利用高速数据采样技术对被测的正弦信号进行数据采集,然后利用采样数据对正弦函数的幅值和相位进行最小二乘法函数插值.由于最小二乘插值法不要求完全经过采样点数据,又具有连续性,所以能很好的滤除被测信号的突变点.仿真实验表明,在信噪比低于或略高于2%的条件下,当采样频率和被测信号频率比值为3倍时,就能高精度反映被测信号,并且精度高于直接利用三次样条插值的方法,又具有更高的光滑性.该算法简单、快速、具有一定的工程应用前景.     

微弱正弦信号参数估计算法研究

该文提出了一种强噪声背景下微弱正弦信号频率、幅值与相位三个参数的估计算法.根据离散小波变换,对强噪声背景下采样序列进行预处理,构造N+2个新的序列.对该序列实施离散傅里叶变换,结合序列的构造方式得到了正弦信号频率,相位和幅值的估计算法.仿真实验表明,在不同类型的噪声背景下,该算法具有较高的估计精度与较强的鲁棒性.     

基于Duffing振子的微弱正弦信号检测研究与仿真

在分析由Duffing振子构成的非线性系统运动特性的基础上,提出了一种新的测定相位和幅值的方法.该方法减小了由于频率的测定误差和噪声对阈值的影响而导致的相位和幅值的测定误差.在Matlab环境下进行了仿真,结果表明:Duf-ring振子可以检测信噪比为-68.451 dB的微弱正弦信号;测定的频率、相位和幅值都有较高的精度;过程简单,便于工程应用.     

一种适应于IEEE 802.15.4k标准的高精度频偏估计算法

为实现基于IEEE 802.15.4k标准的长码字直接序列扩频系统(Direct sequency spread spectrum, DSSS)在低信噪比下的频偏估计,提出一种高精度、稳定的改进频偏估计算法。该算法在保证频偏估计范围的前提下同时利用相位和幅度信息对信号作有偏自相关和迭代,提高包含相位信息的序列的信噪比,然后对有偏自相关信号的各阶差分计算相位幅角并加权平均,克服了 Fitz方法在低信噪比下近似条件难以满足的缺点。实验结果表明该算法能在不缩小估计范围的同时实现极低信噪比下的精确频偏估计,估计精度满足IEEE 802.15.4k标准下接收系统对残余频偏的容忍度。     

基于自相关的宽范围高精度频偏估计算法

基于自相关函数的载波频偏估计算法存在捕获范围与估计精度相矛盾的问题.针对该问题,采取新的相位展开措施,对观测信号自相关函数做快速傅里叶变换以粗估频偏,利用该频偏对高延时自相关函数值进行相位展开,对频偏估计结果求均值.该算法在保持较高估计精度的同时将估计范围扩大到1/2MT.仿真实验结果证明了该算法的有效性.     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Call for Papers The 6^th International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing

Recent years have seen rapid advances in various grid-related technologies, middleware, and applications. The GCC conference has become one of the largest scientific events worldwide in grid and cooperative computing. The 6th international conference on grid and cooperative computing (GCC2007) Sponsored by China Computer Federation (CCF),Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT) and Xinjiang University ,and in Cooperation with IEEE Computer Soceity ,is to be held from August 16 to 18, 2007 in Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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