改进型基于MPLS的HMIPv6的快速切换

针对现有的多协议标签交换(MPLS)和层次移动IPv6(HMIPv6)融合的方案仍然存在时延大、丢包率高等问题,提出了一种改进的基于MPLS的HMIPv6方案。本方案通过将多播技术应用于移动锚点(MAP),并且在切换完成之前提前完成新链路上标签交换路径(LSP)的建设,实现了移动节点(MN)移交切换时延的最小化,使得在切换过程中大大降低服务中断现象,最大限度地保证新链路建立完成之前数据包不被丢失。最后通过NS-2仿真与比较,结果表明本方案跟现有方案相比能够大大减少移动过程中的丢包率和传输时延,提高移动IP     

适用于移动MPLS的改进RSVP协议研究

首先提出了一种改进的资源预留协议,能够保证基于分级移动的移动MPLS在切换过程中连续的集中服务质量。阐述了该改进协议的工作过程,证明了它能很好地适应移动MPLS,并能保证对移动MPLS在切换后的新路径进行快速的资源预留,从而保障业务的集中服务质量。最后,给出仿真结果并进行分析。     

基于MPLS的移动IPv6预测式快速切换方案

针对现有的多协议标签交换（MPLS）和IPv6融合方案存在建立标签交换路径（LSP）所需时延大、丢包率高和无错误恢复处理等问题,提出了一种新的方案。该方案通过定义预测信息表和预测式MPLS移交切换算法,使得移动节点（MN）在移交切换前,根据自身需要选择目的接入路由器（TAR）,以便TAR提前完成其与交叉路由器（CR）的LSP建设,从而实现MN移交切换时延的最小化;另外,所提预测式MPLS移交切换算法使得该方案具有错误恢复的能力;对LSP拓扑结构的改进和采用双播机制能够有效减少切换丢包率。理论和仿真分析表明,所提方案的切换时延和丢包率小于现有方案,且具有错误恢复的能力。     

基于MPLS的微移动性管理

MPLS和移动IP结合（简称移动MPLS）是一种先进的移动性管理技术。将MPLS与微移动管理相结合的技术（简称微移动MPLS）越来越受到广泛关注。该文综合移动性管理策略方面的文献,介绍一种微移动MPLS方案的基本原理,及标签交换路径的建立、切换和路由优化。     

基于MPLS的移动IP微移动性研究

基于现有的将MPLS和微移动IP协议结合起来的研究成果,主要是HMPLS和MMPLS,分析它们存在的问题,提出了一种解决方案。该方案通过域内的LSP扩展,克服了现有MPLS和微移动IP结合方案的一些缺点,并同样支持快速切换和较低的信令开销,而且支持平滑切换。     

基于切换的MIPv6 over MPLS的QoS机制研究*

为了缩短移动节点切换引起的通信中断时间,减少切换对服务质量（QoS）的影响,以MIPv6 over MPLS的框架结构为基础,给出了一种基于切换的QoS方案,为移动节点切换提供有效的QoS保证。     

一种改进的移动节点快速切换算法研究与仿真

基于MPLS的移动IPv6网络中每次移动节点发生切换时都需要重建标签交换路径,影响了切换时延和造成了数据丢包.需要重用部分路径使切换时延、信令流量和数据丢包达到最少,提出了一种交叉路由器算法,通过对标签信息库的修改,增加了移动节点地址和时间计数器两个字段,移动节点每次发生切换注册时通过查找修改后的标签信息库中移动节点地址的方法来确认交叉路由器.理论分析显示随着跳数的增加,时延性能越明显,仿真结果证明移动节点在信息注册时信令流量减少了20%.该方案实现了部分路径重用,改善了网络服务质量.     

基于移动代理技术的移动IP网络中链路快速建立方法

提出了一种新型移动IP漫游切换过程中链路建立方法,通过在移动主机中集成移动代理,并结合MPLS来完成链路建立时的自动信令和自主建立过程,可以改变目前移动IP网络中树状的网络体系结构,使得切换时建立新链路的信令过程大大简化,显著减小切换时延。给出了链路建立过程和性能分析,通过仿真模拟可以减少时延27%~41%。     

MPLS区分业务及移动性支持的综合实现

介绍了在MPLS标记交换机制上借助TC(Linux Traffic Control)以及MB—HMIPv6实现区分业务以及移动性支持的综合实现方法。建立了简单的MPLS Diff-Serv及移动性IPv6测试平台,测试验证了MPLS的区分业务和多绑定层次性移动的切换效果。比较结果显示了方案的可实现性和有效性,为MPLS区分业务和移动性的实现提供了一种思路。     

MPLS在微移动IP技术中的应用研究

鉴于MPLS可以较大程度地提高分组的转发速度,利用MPLS技术来提高微移动性的性能成为目前人们研究的一个热点.本文从MPLS支持微移动技术的网络结构入手,对基于MPLS的微移动技术的路由、切换等机制做了较为深入的研究与探讨.     

基于渗流模型的影响力最大化算法

多数社交网络影响力最大化算法的研究只关注于所选种子节点集合的影响力是否最优,忽略网络自身传播影响力的固有能力。本文对网络进行渗流模拟,计算渗流后网络的主连通分量随着传播概率改变的趋势,并且求得主连通分量大小增加开始变快的相变点,从而计算网络自身传播影响力的固有能力。通过相变值与种子节点集合大小的换算,求得当前网络最佳的种子节点集合大小。将种子节点集合大小限制在最佳大小范围内即可获得最佳的影响力。在kareteclub、football、highschool和socdolphins社交网络数据集上进行实验,验证了该方法的有效性。     

A method of defuzzification based on the approach of areas' ratio

The new method of defuzzification of output parameters from the base of fuzzy rules for a Mamdani fuzzy controller is given in the paper. The peculiarity of the method is the usage of the universal equation for the area computation of the geometric shapes. During the realization of fuzzy inference linguistic terms, the structure changes from the triangular into a trapezoidal shape. That is why the universal equation is used. The method is limited and can be used only for the triangular and trapezoidal membership functions. Gaussian functions can also be used while modifying the proposed method. Traditional defuzzification models such as Middle of Maxima − MoM, First of Maxima − FoM, Last of Maxima − LoM, First of Suppport − FoS, Last of Support − LoS, Middle of Support − MoS, Center of Sums − CoS, Model of Height − MoH have a number of systematic errors: curse of dimensionality, partition of unity condition and absence of additivity. The above-mentioned methods can be seen as Center of Gravity − CoG, which has the same errors. These errors lead to the fact that accuracy of fuzzy systems decreases, because during the training root mean square error increases. One of the reasons that provokes the errors is that some of the activated fuzzy rules are excluded from the fuzzy inference. It is also possible to increase the accuracy of the fuzzy system through properties of continuity. The proposed method guarantees fulfilling of the property of continuity, as the intersection point of the adjustment linguistic terms equals 0.5 when a parametrized membership function is used. The causes of errors and a way to delete them are reviewed in the paper. The proposed method excludes errors which are inherent to the traditional and non- traditional models of defuzzification. Comparative analysis of the proposed method of defuzzification with traditional and non-traditional models shows its effectiveness.     

An approach to the synthesis of fuzzy stabilization systems with a priori unknown model of an object

A method of synthesis of fuzzy stabilization systems for a broad class of dynamic objects under the assumption that the mathematical model of the object is not known a priori is proposed. The control is formulated in the form of a proportional law of adjustment as a function of a macro-variable; the square of the Euclidean norm of the phase variables is adopted as the macro-variable. An analogous variable characterizes the distance of the object from the equilibrium position. Despite the simplicity of the control law, its sign remains constant due to the fact that the macro-variable is positive-definite over the entire phase space. The switching times of the signals are determined by fuzzy identification of the system’s dynamic modes on the basis of measurement of the derivatives of the macro-variable.     

Transmission of vertical vibration through a seat: Effect of thickness of foam cushions at the seat pan and the backrest

The perception of vehicle ride comfort is influenced by the dynamic performance of full-depth foam used in many vehicle seats. The effects of the thickness of foam on the dynamic stiffness (i.e., stiffness and damping as a function of frequency) of foam cushions with three thicknesses (60, 80, and 100 mm), and the vibration transmitted through these cushions at the seat pan and the backrest were measured with 12 subjects (6 males and 6 females). With increasing thickness, the stiffness and the damping of the foam decreased. With increasing thickness of foam at the seat pan, the resonance frequencies around 4 Hz in the vertical in-line and fore-and-aft cross-axis transmissibilities of the seat pan cushion and the backrest cushion decreased. For the conditions investigated, it is concluded that the thickness of foam at a vertical backrest has little effect on the vertical in-line or fore-and-aft cross-axis transmissibilities of the foam at either the seat pan or the backrest. The frequencies of the primary resonances around 4 Hz in the vertical in-line transmissibility and the fore-and-aft cross-axis transmissibility of foam at the seat pan were highly correlated. Compared to sitting on a rigid seat pan with a foam backrest, sitting with foam at both the seat pan and the backrest reduced the resonance frequency in the vertical in-line transmissibility of the backrest foam and increased the associated transmissibility at resonance, while the fore-and-aft cross-axis transmissibility of the backrest was little affected. Compared to sitting without a backrest, sitting with a rigid vertical backrest increased the resonance frequency of the fore-and-aft cross-axis transmissibility of the seat pan cushion and increased the transmissibility at resonance.Relevance to industryThe transmissibility of a seat is determined by the dynamic properties of the occupant of the seat and the dynamic properties of the seat. This study shows how the thicknesses of foam at a seat pan and foam at a backrest affect the in-line and cross-axis transmissibilities of the foams at the seat pan and the backrest. The findings have application to the design of vehicle seats to minimise the transmission of vibration to the body.     

基于XML的中间层交互技术的研究

由于HTML自身的不足．所以无法适应Web发展的复杂性和多变性，也不利于机器之间的数据交换和信息传递，通过对XML和HTML作多个角度的对比，文中提出将XML作为载体实现Web上的动态交互。首先从XML的自身特点出发，分析了XML驱动下的Web体系结构，从而得出基于XML的中间层交互技术的实现原理．重点研究了如何设计与XML相匹配的Web数据库，用XML查询数据库的实现方法，以及如何构造从XML到数据库的映射关系，具体包括从XIviL的DTD或者Schema出发来设计数据库的结构或者从数据库本身出发来构造与之相适应的DTD或Schema，最后分析了浏览XML格式信息的诸多策略。     

OpenFlow技术与商业价值

针对目前流行的OpenFlow技术,本文提出OpenFlow的标准进展、商业价值和连通性测试。该方法根据控制层面和转发层面相分离的技术,采用移动研究院内网拓扑进行测试。实验结果表明,通过在BigSwitch controler上进行相关命令配置就可实现二层的OpenFlow交换机互联的不同网段主机的通信。OpenFlow是SDN技术中一种关键的接口协议,SDN是对网络的抽象, OpenFlow是对单个转发面设备的抽象。OpenFlow交换机和Control er的出现为新型互联网（NGN）体系结构的研究提供了实验途径。     

Teacher education in IT in Germany

Abstract In 1988 the eleven West-German Kultusminister , with responsibility for the school systems in their respective Bundeslaender , reached agreement with the Federal Ministry of Education and Science on the broad concept of 'Information and Communications Technology', ITG. After four years of discussion it was agreed that ITG should be introduced into the secondary level of the general schools. In spite of strong disagreements about the ways and speed of implementation, and after several years of experiments, important parts of the concept have become a reality in practically all of the old Bundeslaender. While acknowledging the complexity of the German educational system the paper attempts to outline the development of the concept of Information and Communications Technology and its consequences in teacher education. The development in the eastern part of Germany, the former GDR, has been completely different to that in the western part and this is also commented upon in the paper.     

融合分区与Canny泛函的水平集对猴脑提取的研究

The traditional level set has randomness in the location selection of the initial contour, and lacks the processing of edge information. Therefore, accurate extraction of brain tissue edges cannot be achieved. Therefore, firstly, the level set algorithm of fusion partition and Canny functional fuses the idea of partition and combines the morphological information of each region to complete the initial contour position selection, so that the initial contour contains more brain tissue, and improve the efficiency of brain tissue extraction. Secondly, the Canny operator is integrated into the energy functional, which improves the accuracy of detecting the edge of the macaque brain tissue while retaining the superiority of the traditional level set on the uneven grayscale image. Results show that the algorithm achieves accurate extraction of macaque brain tissue with an accuracy of up to 86%.     

可拓聚类的科教人际网络节点重要性动态分析方法

目前大多数研究对复杂社会网络关键节点影响力的识别都是静态的，缺乏动态变化的分析。采用可拓聚类方法对动态变化下的科教人际网络进行量化分析，首先以多属性决策法计算每个节点重要性，再利用变异系数权重法计算得该节点综合重要性量值，之后划分等级并取标准正域和正域区间，利用可拓关联函数计算每个节点与每个等级的关联度，关联度值最大的等级即为该节点对应等级，最后分析同一社会网络节点在不同时间点的重要性等级变化。可拓聚类方法尝试从动态上对网络节点重要性进行把握，最后通过实例验证了该方法的有效性。     

基于遮挡关系推理的输电线路图像金具检测

实现输电线路图像典型金具的精准检测是进行其缺陷检测的前提。针对通用目标检测模型对密集分布、遮挡严重的金具检测精度较低、易出现漏检等问题,提出了一种结合金具间遮挡结构信息和场景关联信息的典型金具检测方法。基于经典的Faster R-CNN模型提取金具特征作为节点,提取整张图像特征作为金具场景关联信息,学习金具标注框间相交区域信息作为金具遮挡关系信息,并采用图同时建模金具特征、场景关联信息和遮挡关系信息,通过门控循环单元信息传递机制构建结构推理模块完成金具类别和位置的联合推理检测。为了验证所提方法的有效性,选取了8类存在遮挡连接关系的金具进行实验,其中,原始Faster R-CNN模型的mAP值为81.30%,改进模型的mAP值为84.15%。实验结果表明,本文方法一定程度上提高了遮挡严重金具的检测精度,为后续的金具故障诊断奠定良好的基础。