基于正方形区域的WSAN节点定位算法的研究

在WSAN中,执行器节点可根据传感器节点感知的数据做出决策并执行相关操作,因此其对感知到事件的传感器节点的准确定位对于实施精确的控制策略至关重要.区别于现有WSN中的非测距定位方式,利用移动的执行器节点代替WSN中的锚节点,提出了一种基于正方形区域的WSAN节点定位算法.首先通过执行器节点的移动确定待定位传感器节点所在区域,然后通过迭代不断缩小该区域,当满足定位精度要求时计算区域的质心作为待定位节点的坐标.仿真实验证明,算法能够在存在RSSI误差和GPS误差干扰的情况下取得较好的定位精度,且使用少量的执行器节点完成定位不仅能节省网络部署成本,还可以克服传统WSN中非测距定位算法严重依赖锚节点密度的不足.     

无线传感器网络节点定位的仿真研究

研究无线传感器网络(WSN)节点定位精度问题,针对当前单一节点定位算法的定位误差大的难题,更好的满足WSN的低成本、低功耗要求,提出一种DV-Hop算法和粒子群优化算法相结合的WSN节点定位方法。首先采用DV-Hop算法对未知传感器节点与锚节点之间的距离进行估计,然后采用粒子群优化算法对未知传感器节点坐标进行校正,在不增加额外硬件的条件下,提高节点定位精度。在Matlab平台上进行仿真,结果表明,在相同条件下,改进的组合算法提高了传感器节点定位的平均精度,而且为WSN的节点定位优化设计提供了参考,是一种可行的WSN节点定位的解决方案。     

基于锚节点连通性的移动WSN定位优化算法

为提高传统移动无线传感网络非测距方式定位算法的节点定位精度、降低算法对锚节点密度的要求,提出一种基于网络中锚节点连通性的蒙特卡洛优化定位算法,并分析了其节点定位性能.算法首先引入平均锚节点连通度的概念来评价网络锚节点连通性,然后提出根据节点实时分布情况进行采样区域划分,并实时控制移动锚节点分布,提升网络的整体定位精度.仿真结果表明,相较于传统的移动无线传感网络中基于蒙特卡洛方法的节点定位算法,所提出的算法有效提升了整体的定位精度,并有效降低了算法对于锚节点密度的要求,提升了算法节点定位性能.     

移动无线传感器网络采样区域自调整的MCL定位算法

定位技术是无线传感器网络中关键的支撑技术之一。现有的无线传感器网络定位算法大多是针对静态场景的,不能直接应用于移动无线传感器网络。针对移动无线传感器网络的特点,在深入分析现有蒙特卡洛算法的基础上,提出一种改进机制,即采样区域自调整的蒙特卡洛节点定位(SA_MCL)算法。该算法通过对节点历史位置信息插值模拟获得节点的运动速度和方向,目的是为了自动调整采样区域,从而提高定位精度。仿真结果表明,采用SA_MCL算法,节点的定位精度有较大提高。     

基于距离无关的WSN节点定位技术研究

WSN(无线传感器网络)的许多应用都是基于节点的位置信息,传感器网络由于节点数量巨大,资源十分有限,全部节点都采用GPS定位设备是不适宜的。该文在分析了WSN定位算法研究的基础上,分析了近年来提出的基于距离无关的定位算法,这些算法能有效地提高定位精度。     

小波变换预测移动节点定位算法

针对无线传感器网络移动节点定位精度不高的问题,提出一种基于小波变换预测的移动节点定位算法。根据历史运动轨迹通过小波变换预测节点当前位置,精确采样区域,应用自适应采样方法减少采样次数,通过加权滤波增大高质量样本点以及降低低质量样本点对定位结果的影响,提高定位精度。仿真结果表明,在锚节点数目、通信半径、最大样本点数目等条件变化的情况下,该算法与传统算法相比提高了定位精度,在低锚节点密度环境下表现出良好的效果。     

基于反向学习的群居蜘蛛优化WSN节点定位算法

针对启发优化算法在WSN节点定位问题中定位精度不高和收敛速度较慢的缺陷,提出基于反向学习的群居蜘蛛优化WSN节点定位算法.为减少前期随机搜索,所提出算法首先通过Bounding-box方法得到未知节点可能存在的区域,在该区域初始化启发个体,并将加权中心反向学习策略与群居蜘蛛群优化算法相结合,求解未知节点估计位置,提高算法全局搜索能力.仿真结果表明,相比于传统算法,所提出算法收敛速度更快,节点定位精度更高.     

基于移动锚节点的WSN节点定位方法

为提高WSN定位精度,提出一种带定向天线的移动锚节点定位算法。首先对WSN进行分层,锚节点可沿x轴和分层线移动实现对未知节点的遍历,在移动过程中等间隔距离旋转定向广播位置信息,未知节点根据接收到的锚节点坐标、方位角等信息确定自身位置。定位算法简单,无需测距,完全使用锚节点信息实现定位,仿真结果表明,该算法比典型的采用单个移动锚节点的SLWL算法具有更高的定位精度和定位稳定性。     

一种改进的质心定位算法

在无线传感器网络中,确定传感器节点的位置至关重要.通过对传统的质心定位算法进行分析,考虑到接收信号强度直接影响到未知节点的定位精度,提出了一种基于RSSI的改进的质心定位算法.该算法将每个未知节点的通信区域划分为6个部分,通过比较RSSI,找到对未知节点更为精确的估计区域,从而对未知节点作出更为精确的位置估计.仿真结果表明,相比于原始的质心定位算法,改进后的质心定位算法大大提高了无线传感器网络节点的定位精度.     

基于阶次序列加权的无线传感器定位算法

针对WSN中节点的定位误差的问题,提出了一种阶次序列加权的无线传感器定位算法。首先根据节点定位中的信号传输采用Shadowing模型,其次根据锚节点建立Voronoi图,将Voronoi多边形的顶点作为参考点,然后建立参考点与锚节点之间的阶次序列,通过选择N个未知节点序列与最优序列加权估计未知节点的位置,仿真结果表明,相对于参比算法,算法不仅提高了传感器节点的定位精度,而且降低了算法的计算复杂度,在WSN节点定位方面具有较高的应用价值。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate