小额交易中SET协议的优化及SPIN验证的研究

作为电子商务的重要组成部分,基于Internet的电子交易受到了广泛的关注。SET交易过程十分复杂,在完成一次SET协议交易过程中,需验证电子证书9次,验证数字签名6次,传递证书7次,进行签名5次,4次对称加密和非对称加密。本文选取SET协议的核心部分：购买请求、支付认证和获得付款3个子协议过程作为研究分析对象,针对不同数额的交易进行分级,针对小额的交易过程进行协议的优化,对SET进行SPIN模型检测,并根据分析模拟与验证的结果对SET进行改进。     

基于Spin的SET协议模型检测研究

模型检测技术已成功地运用于验证复杂系统的性质。本文提出运用Promela语言对电子商务协议进行建模的方法,对比分析了有无入侵者时简化的SET协议的运行情况。运用Spin模型检测工具,对SET协议的Promela模型进行了检测,对电子商务协议中的关键性质认证性和保密性进行了分析与检测,发现了协议中的缺陷。     

实例化空间:一种新的安全协议验证逻辑的语义模型

给出了一个称为“实例化空间（instantiation space）”的安全协议验证逻辑的语义模型．该语义模型是建立在一种自然的加密信息交换（cryptographical message exchange）模型上的．在此语义模型基础上，文章提出了一系列与安全属性相关的验证公理，由此可以证明它们在此语义模型下的正确性．更重要的是，在此语义下的公理集在算法上是完全可以实现的，其对应的工具SPV（Security Protocol Verifier）已经开发成功，并且可以验证复杂的协议．在这套安全协议验证模型理论下，可以很方便地处理包括公钥、私钥、共享密钥和Hash函数组成的复杂信息格式．而且，在此语义基础上的公理集是纯命题逻辑的，因此所需要的验证目标可以很方便地转化成可满足性问题（SAT），从而可以利用工业上快速高效的SAT求解器实现．     

基于小系统理论的简化SET协议

基于Lu & Smolka的SET协议支付过程简化模型,在小系统理论的基础上,运用Promela语言对协议进行形式化建模,采用线性时态逻辑LTL公式对协议的认证性进行形式化描述。在网络环境被入侵者控制的假设下,运用SPIN发现攻击;采用atomic和Bit-state hashing等优化策略,降低模型检测的复杂性,提高验证效率;最后针对协议存在的漏洞提出协议改进方案。     

一种改进的OCSP证书撤销方案

在WPKI中,无线终端设备必须验证服务器证书是否己经撤销.撤销验证是一个复杂的处理过程,因此要选择一个代价较小、简单可靠、适合无线环境的撤销验证方案.在已有的OCSP(On-line Certificate Status Protocol)方案基础上提出一种新的方案,称之为改进的OCSP方案.它是对OCSP协议的改进,能够用较小的代价获得证书的实时状态.给出了这种方案的详细设计,并和其他方案进行了比较.     

公平的电子合同签署协议的博弈分析与改进

为了克服传统时序逻辑以封闭系统方式分析协议的缺点,根据电子合同签署协议的特点引入一种基于博弃的ATL逻辑形式化分析方法.利用该方法分析了一个公平的电子合同签署协议,发现该协议存在不满足公平性和时限性的缺陷.通过向协议中添加额外的时间控制信息和Abort子协议对该协议进行了改进,并使用Mocha模型检测工具以ATL公式和in-variant Checking相结合的方式对改进协议的公平性和时限性进行有效地验证.实验结果表明,改进后的协议满足公平性和时限性.     

SET协议的分析与改进

SET协议是基于信用卡的网上支付协议,其特点是安全性高但交易流程过于复杂。本文分析了SET协议的原理,提出了改进SET交易的两个设想:增加电子交易中心和简化身份认证过程。     

SET协议模型的改进与SMV分析

在以Lu&Smolka对SET协议支付过程的简化模型为研究对象的情况下,进行形式化建模和有限状态机模型。同时应用CTL对相应的安全性质进行形式描述,并在网络环境被入侵者控制的假设下,利用SMV分析了协议的认证性、保密性和完整性,发现攻击并对该攻击所产生的影响进行了讨论。最后修改其协议模型对改进后的协议进行分析和检验,说明了SET协议独具特色的双重签名在整个协议运行中至关重要。     

基于时态认知逻辑的Web服务模型检测

传统模型检测技术主要采用时态逻辑描述被验证的规范,人们较少注意多智能体认知逻辑的模型检测问题.而在分布式系统领域,系统和协议的规范很适合用认知逻辑来描述.Web服务是一个典型的分布式系统.把Web服务组合建模为多智能体系统,并成功采用我们实现的时态认知逻辑符号模型检测工具MCTK验证了SAS股票分析服务实例.同时采用WSAT,WS-Engineer和SPIN 3个模型检测工具在相同实验环境下验证了该实例,实验结果表明我们的Web服务模型检测方法不仅比这3个模型检测工具更高效,而且支持认知逻辑规范的验证,这是这3个模型检测工具所不具备的.     

电子商务安全协议及其非单调动态逻辑验证

该文介绍了SET(secure electronic transactions)的付费业务流程,对NDL(non-monotomic dynamic logic)的逻辑框架进行了扩展,即针对SET协议,增加了新的公理,重新给出积累规则的定义.在此基础上,用对SET中的几个重要的范例进行的逻辑验证,说明了NDL在验证电子商务协议上的重要性,并初步提出了积累规则中需要进一步研究的问题.     

Call for Papers The 6^th International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing

Recent years have seen rapid advances in various grid-related technologies, middleware, and applications. The GCC conference has become one of the largest scientific events worldwide in grid and cooperative computing. The 6th international conference on grid and cooperative computing (GCC2007) Sponsored by China Computer Federation (CCF),Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT) and Xinjiang University ,and in Cooperation with IEEE Computer Soceity ,is to be held from August 16 to 18, 2007 in Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

法律信息库系统

本文分析了法律数据库的结构和特点，介绍了采用面向对象设计方法和超文本数据库技术开发和实现法律信息库系统将作为重要网络资源之一为不同用户进行法律咨询服务。     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

International Journal of Automation and Computing Table of Contents

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Information for authors

正SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences(Sci China Inf Sci),cosponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Natural Science Foundation of China,and published by Science China Press,is committed to publishing highquality,original results of both basic and applied research in all areas of information sciences,including computer science and technology;systems science,control science and engineering(published in Issues with odd numbers);information and communication engineering;electronic science and technology(published in Issues with even numbers).Sci China Inf Sci is published monthly in both print and electronic forms.It is indexed by Academic OneFile,Astrophysics Data System(ADS),CSA,Cabells,Current Contents/Engineering,Computing and Technology,DBLP,Digital Mathematics Registry,Earthquake Engineering Abstracts,Engineering Index,Engineered Materials Abstracts,Gale,Google,INSPEC,Journal Citation Reports/Science Edition,Mathematical Reviews,OCLC,ProQuest,SCOPUS,Science Citation Index Expanded,Summon by Serial Solutions,VINITI,Zentralblatt MATH.     

Erratum to: Fast global kernel fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm for consonant/vowel segmentation of speech signal

正Erratum to:J Zhejiang Univ-Sci C(ComputElectron)2014 15(7):551-563doi:10.1631/jzus.C1300320The original version of this article unfortunately contained mistakes.Algorithm 6 should be as follows:Algorithm 6 FGKFCM-F clustering Input:(1)X={x_1,x_2,…,x_N},,x_iR~d,i=1,2,…,N,the dataset;(2)C,1C≤N,the number of clusters;(3)ε0,the stopping criterion;     

Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE C (Computers & Electronics) Total contents

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A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.