Multiple-view feature modelling for integral product development

To allow a designer to focus on the information that is relevant for a particular product development phase, is an important aspect of integral product development. Unlike current modelling systems, multiple-view feature modelling can adequately support this, by providing an own view on a product for each phase. Each view contains a feature model of the product specific for the corresponding phase. An approach to multiple-view feature modelling is presented that supports conceptual design, assembly design, part detail design and part manufacturing planning. It does not only provide views with form features to model single parts, as previous approaches to multiple-view feature modelling did, but also a view with conceptual features, to model the product configuration with functional components and interfaces between these components, and a view with assembly features, to model the connections between components. The general concept of this multiple-view feature modelling approach, the functionality of the four views, and the way the views are kept consistent, are described.     

Zodiac: A history-based interactive video authoring system

Easy-to-use audio/video authoring tools play a crucial role in moving multimedia software from research curiosity to mainstream applications. However, research in multimedia authoring systems has rarely been documented in the literature. This paper describes the design and implementation of an interactive video authoring system called Zodiac, which employs an innovative edit history abstraction to support several unique editing features not found in existing commercial and research video editing systems. Zodiac provides users a conceptually clean and semantically powerful branching history model of edit operations to organize the authoring process, and to navigate among versions of authored documents. In addition, by analyzing the edit history, Zodiac is able to reliably detect a composed video stream's shot and scene boundaries, which facilitates interactive video browsing. Zodiac also features a video object annotation capability that allows users to associate annotations to moving objects in a video sequence. The annotations themselves could be text, image, audio, or video. Zodiac is built on top of MMFS, a file system specifically designed for interactive multimedia development environments, and implements an internal buffer manager that supports transparent lossless compression/decompression. Shot/scene detection, video object annotation, and buffer management all exploit the edit history information for performance optimization.     

复杂信息系统界面可用性指标体系研究

随着复杂信息系统在军事领域和民用领域的广泛应用及不断发展,人们对复杂信 息系统显示界面的设计有了更高层面的要求。通过可用性评估指导复杂信息系统界面设计改良, 降低系统复杂性带给用户的工作认知负荷,提高用户绩效成为亟待解决的问题。针对复杂信息 系统界面进行了研究,从界面特征、任务特征、认知特征进行了分析,提出了界面复杂性的影 响因素,构建了复杂度评估指标体系,采用层次分析法针对界面的复杂性的指标权重进行了研 究,并根据构建的复杂度模型提出了相应的可用性指标体系。     

Efficient tetrahedral remeshing of feature models for finite element analysis

Finite element analysis is nowadays widely used for product testing. At various moments during the design phase, aspects of the physical behaviour of the product are simulated by performing an analysis of the model. For each analysis, a mesh needs to be created that represents the geometry of the model at that point. In particular during the later stages of the development cycle, often only minor modifications are made to a model between design iterations. In that case it can be beneficial to reuse part of the previous mesh, especially if it was costly to construct. A new method is presented that efficiently constructs a tetrahedral mesh based on a tetrahedral mesh of a feature model at an earlier point of the design cycle. This is done by analysing the difference of the two feature models from the point of view of the individual features. By this means we can find a natural correspondence between the geometries of the feature models, and relate this to the mesh of the earlier model. We discuss the algorithm, gained improvements, quality of the results, and conditions for this method to be effective.     

基于虚拟原型的概念设计描述模型V-desModel

传统的概念设计方法由于缺乏真实感的交互手段,难以直观表达设计者的意图.基于虚拟原型的概念设计不仅能为设计者提供逼真的虚拟设计环境,而且充分体现了现代设计的成本低、周期短以及灵活性强等特点.针对概念设计的特点以及虚拟原型的特征分类,提出了基于虚拟原型的概念设计模型V-desModel,其核心是利用产品视图模型描述设计对象,将虚拟特征概念融入视图模型中,并采用可扩展"三维实体-约束图"来描述设计对象之间的约束关系.V-desModel模型能有效地支持基于虚拟原型的概念设计过程,较好地解决了概念设计中产品虚拟原     

Display Design of Process Systems Based on Functional Modelling

The prevalent way to present information in industrial computer displays is by using piping and instrumentation diagrams. Such interfaces have sometimes resulted in difficulties for operators because they are not sufficient to fulfil their needs. A systematic way that supports interface design therefore has to be considered. In the new design framework, two questions must be answered. Firstly, a modelling method is required to describe a process system. Such a modelling method can define the information content that must be displayed in interfaces. Secondly, how to communicate this information to operators efficiently must be considered. This will provide a basis for determining the visual forms that the information should take. This study discusses interface design of human–machine systems from these two points of view. Based on other scholars’ work, a comprehensive set of functional primitives is summarised as a basis to build a functional model of process systems. A library of geometrical presentations for these primitives is then developed. To support effective interface design, the concept of ‘functional macro’ is introduced and a way to map functional model to interface display is illustrated by applying several principles. To make our ideas clear, a central heating system is taken as an example and its functional model is constructed. Based on the functional model, the information to be displayed is determined. Several functional macros are then found in the model and their corresponding displays are constructed. Finally, by using the library of geometrical presentations for functional primitives and functional macros, the display hierarchy of the central heating system is developed. Reusability of functional primitives makes it possible to use the methodology to support interface design of different process systems.     

Extended 3D annotations as a new mechanism to explicitly communicate geometric design intent and increase CAD model reusability

A successful implementation of the Model-Based Enterprise concept (MBE) requires maximizing the potential benefits of annotated 3D models. The foundations of the MBE model are established by digital product definition data practices, which are currently regulated by standards such as ASME Y14.41-2003 and ISO 16792:2006. At the center of the MBE concept is the notion of CAD model reusability, which relies on the idea that 3D CAD models can be reused both throughout the entire product lifecycle and as a starting point for future development of new products. In this context, a critical aspect of CAD model reuse is the proper identification and understanding of the geometric design intent that is usually expressed implicitly within the CAD model.In this work, we present a method to communicate geometric design intent explicitly by overloading and extending the scope of the current annotation instruments available in the MBE approach. We propose a new broader type of model annotation that we call “extended annotation”, where design information is represented both internally within the 3D model and externally, on a separate repository. This structure naturally demands additional mechanisms to support the interaction of users with the information. In order to manage the information stored in these extended annotations effectively, we implemented an annotation manager that automatically synchronizes the dual representation of the annotations. To reduce the visual clutter in the 3D model, the software provides powerful filtering, editing, and visualization capabilities, giving users complete control of the information stored in the model. Finally, a study was conducted with 60 participants to evaluate the performance of the proposed model and the usability of the annotation manager. Results show a statistically significant benefit of using the extended annotation system, suggesting the use of this model as a valuable approach to improve design intent communication.     

并行工程下产品协调模型的研究

建立和维护产品全生命周期中各种应用活动之间动态的信息关联,是实现产品数据集成、保证各应用领域协调活动的关键,为此,提出了基于产品设计过程的产品协调模型,该模型将原用于基于历史的几个何特征建模的特征编码作为建立和维护产品几何信息及其它应用信息间关联的纽带,为了屏蔽特征编码机制的私有属性,建立了比特征编码机制更高层的协议－数据协调协议,该协议为在产品几何信息与非几何应用信息之间建立和维护动态的、协调一     

基于MVC的协作多用户交互接口设计与实现

针对目前CSCW环境中用户端设备的多样性、用户个性化需求特点，通过对协作多用户接口特性、支撑结构和实现方法的分析，提出了一个便于裁剪、面向用户的MVC结构的协作多用户交互接口模型。在此模型中，充分利用MVC结构视图与控制分离的特点．将协同工作环境中共享信息集中存放于共享空间中，维持一致性：而信息显示和人机交互的语义部分复制在分布的用户接口视图中，使得参与协同工作的多个用户可以采用不同的设备或裁剪自己的显示界面。     

融合注意力机制的互补产品推荐方法

互补产品推荐是为用户推荐可以一起搭配使用的产品。现有产品推荐方法考虑了产品的图像与文本的所有特征,但没有考虑到视觉和文本模态间的关系,此外并不是所有的特征对互补关系的贡献都相同。基于此种情况,提出了一种融合注意力机制的互补产品推荐模型（complementary product recommendation fusing with attention mechanism,CPRFA）。该模型首先用产品的图像和文本信息来丰富其特征表示;其次为了将异质产品与多模态信息统一起来,将其进一步转换为图像和文本向量表示;然后使用注意力机制自适应地为产品的不同特征分配权重;最后学习产品与候选产品之间的关系,进行互补产品的推荐。在基于Amazon数据集的实验中,所提CPRFA模型在各项指标上均优于其他基线模型,表明CPRFA模型可以更准确地为用户推荐互补产品。     

面向并行工程的产品特征模型多视域转换平台

并行工程是产品传统开发方式的一种变革,核心就是实现产品信息在产品生命周期各个阶段的集成和共享。文章在分析特征转换技术的基础上,应用组件化程序设计技术,建立一个适合并行工程工作模式的产品多视域特征模型转换平台系统,通过建立的中间基本特征模型库可以实现产品信息在多视域间的共享和转换。对由设计域到加工域的转换知识的表示和建立进行研究,实现设计特征模型到加工特征模型的转换。建立的系统具有良好的编程语言无关性和可扩充性。     

Assessing the impact of geometric design intent annotations on parametric model alteration activities

The effective representation and communication of design intent plays a crucial role in CAD model alteration activities. In history-based parametric modeling systems, design intent information is usually expressed implicitly within the model. However, there is evidence that suggests that an explicit representation can increase productivity and quality and facilitate the transferring of design knowledge throughout the different stages of the product lifecycle. In this paper, we assess the effectiveness of 3D annotations as mechanisms for explicit design intent representation and examine their impact in model alteration processes that require a direct interaction with the model's geometry. We present the results of a series of studies aimed at measuring user performance and model quality in two scenarios. First, we hypothesized that annotations are valuable tools to provide design information when inadequate modeling assumptions can be made by designers. Second, we evaluated annotations as tools to communicate design decisions when multiple options are available. In both cases, results show statistically significant benefits of annotated models, suggesting the use of this technique as a valuable approach to improve design intent communication.     

IMMIView: a multi-user solution for design review in real-time

IMMIView is an interactive system that relies on multiple modalities and multi-user interaction to support collaborative design review. It was designed to offer natural interaction in visualization setups such as large-scale displays, head mounted displays or TabletPC computers. To support architectural design, our system provides content creation and manipulation, 3D scene navigation and annotations. Users can interact with the system using laser pointers, speech commands, body gestures and mobile devices. In this paper, we describe how we design a system to answer architectural user requirements. In particular, our system takes advantage of multiple modalities to provide a natural interaction for design review. We also propose a new graphical user interface adapted to architectural user tasks, such as navigation or annotations. The interface relies on a novel stroke-based interaction supported by simple laser pointers as input devices for large-scale displays. Furthermore, input devices such as speech and body tracking allow IMMIView to support multiple users. Moreover, they allow each user to select different modalities according to their preference and modality adequacy for the user task. We present a multi-modal fusion system developed to support multi-modal commands on a collaborative, co-located, environment, i.e. with two or more users interacting at the same time, on the same system. The multi-modal fusion system listens to inputs from all the IMMIView modules in order to model user actions and issue commands. The multiple modalities are fused based on a simple rule-based sub-module developed in IMMIView and presented in this paper. User evaluation performed over IMMIView is presented. The results show that users feel comfortable with the system and suggest that users prefer the multi-modal approach to more conventional interactions, such as mouse and menus, for the architectural tasks presented.     

基于特征设计的CAD系统

介绍基于Ｐｒｏ／ＥｎｇｉｎｅｅｒＣＡＤ系统，借助于Ｐｒｏ／Ｄｅｖｅｌｏｐ开展工具二次开发的基于特征设计的ＣＡＤ系统，该系统操作简单方便设计效率高，可方便地对特征增加附加信息，为后续过程提供了丰富的信息，便于ＣＡＤ与后续过程的信息集成和功能集成，提出广义特征概念，为基于广义特征建立产品集约信息模型打下了良好的基础。     

一种基于文本卷积神经网络的推荐算法

传统的矩阵因子分解模型不能有效提取用户和物品特征,而基于深度学习模型可以很好地提取特征信息。当前,主流的基于深度学习推荐算法只是单一地将神经网络的输出或物品特征与用户特征乘积的形式来做推荐预测,不能充分挖掘用户和物品之间的关系。基于此,本文提出一种基于文本卷积神经网络与带偏置项的奇异值分解(BiasSVD)结合的推荐算法,利用文本卷积神经网络(TextCNN)来充分提取用户和物品的特征信息,然后用奇异值分解方法来做推荐,深层次理解文档上下文信息,进一步提高推荐的准确性。将该算法在MovieLens的2个真实数据集上做广泛的评估分析,推荐的准确度要明显优于ConvMF算法及主流深度学习推荐算法。     

浅谈多功能产品设计

设计是以人为本的,合理的多功能产品设计考虑到人的多方面的需求,从而为人提供了多种选择性,把人从规定性中解放出来。本文分析了多功能产品的概况及当今的信息和技术对产品多功能化的促进作用;对产品的多功能需求进行分析,阐述合理多功能的确定方法;探讨了合理的、人性化的多功能产品的界面布局设计。     

User interface based on natural interaction design for seniors

With world population ageing, how to help seniors to adapt to technology life is an important issue. Technology is becoming life rather than resistance, because many of the technology applications are often accompanied by a lot of information to process. This makes the user interface to become an important bridge between human computer interactions. Especially the inconvenience caused by human ageing, these related issues from the cognitive and operational of products are derived. This study proposes a study of user interface design based on natural interaction to increase seniors’ usage intention. In the proposed contents, the Kinect sensor is used to retrieve seniors’ in-depth information in movements, thus the user interface of system can be operated by the gesture intuitively. In the framework of the system, in the first all, the morphology is applied to identify the features of a hand from depth values obtained from the sensor. Gesture is used to recognize operating behavior of users to implement the interactive action, and collision detection is applied to confirm effectiveness of operation. On the other hand, through interpretive structural model (ISM), each design element of interactive interface can be decomposed and realized, and the solution for target and direction of design problem is also proposed. At the meanwhile, the concept of affordance is conducted to the development of interface for graphic users that proposed in this study, and the design achievement contains operation and usability of intuition can further be acquired. Finally, based on the proposed methodology, an intuitive user interface of digital devices is constructed by Java programming language that allows for verifying the feasibility of user interface for seniors. Besides, the proposed method can be widely used to develop the user interface for various products.     

Development and validation of user-adaptive navigation and information retrieval tools for an intranet portal organizational memory information system

Based on previous research and properties of organizational memory, a conceptual model for navigation and retrieval functions in an Intranet portal organizational memory information system was proposed, and two human-centred features (memory structure map and history-based tool) were developed to support user's navigation and retrieval in a well-known organizational memory. To test two hypotheses concerning the validity of the conceptual model and two human-centred features, an experiment was conducted with 30 subjects. Testing of the two hypotheses indicated the following: (1) the memory structure map's users showed 29% better performance in navigation, and (2) the history-based tool's users outperformed by 34% in identifying information. The results of the study suggest that a conceptual model and two human-centred features could be used in an user-adaptive interface design to improve user's performance in an intranet portal organizational memory information system.