稀疏约束图正则非负矩阵分解的增量学习算法

针对非负矩阵分解后数据的稀疏性降低、训练样本增多导致运算规模不断增大的现象,提出了一种稀疏约束图正则非负矩阵分解的增量学习算法。该方法不仅考虑数据的几何信息,而且对系数矩阵进行稀疏约束,并将它们与增量学习相结合。算法在稀疏约束和图正则化的条件下利用上一步的分解结果参与迭代运算,在节省大量运算时间的同时提高了分解后数据的稀疏性。在ORL和PIE人脸数据库上的实验结果表明了该算法的有效性。     

基于稀疏约束非负矩阵分解的K-Ｍeans聚类算法

为了提高Ｋ-Ｍeans聚类算法在高维数据下的聚类效果,提出一种基于稀疏约束非负矩阵分解的Ｋ-Ｍeans聚类算法。该算法在最优保持原始数据本质的前提下,通过在非负矩阵分解过程中对基矩阵列向量施加l1与l2范数稀疏约束,首先挖掘嵌入在高维数据中的低维数据结构,实现高维数据的低维表示,然后利用在低维数据聚类中性能良好的Ｋ-Ｍeans算法对稀疏降维后的数据进行聚类。实验结果表明提出的算法可行,并且在处理高维数据上有效。     

基于图正则化和稀疏约束的半监督非负矩阵分解

非负矩阵分解是在矩阵非负约束下的分解算法。为了提高识别率,提出了一种基于稀疏约束和图正则化的半监督非负矩阵分解方法。该方法对样本数据进行低维非负分解时,既保持数据的几何结构,又利用已知样本的标签信息进行半监督学习,而且对基矩阵施加稀疏性约束,最后将它们整合于单个目标函数中。构造了一个有效的更新算法,并且在理论上证明了该算法的收敛性。在多个人脸数据库上的仿真结果表明,相对于NMF、GNMF、CNMF等算法,GCNMFS具有更好的聚类精度和稀疏性。     

基于图正则化和稀疏约束的增量型非负矩阵分解

非负矩阵分解(Nonnegative Matrix Factorization,NMF)不仅可以很好地描述数据而且分解后的矩阵具有直观的物理意义。为了提高算法的有效性和识别率,提出了一种更为合理的算法——基于图正则化和稀疏约束的增量型非负矩阵分解(Graph Regularized and Incremental Nonnegative Matrix Factorization with Sparseness Constraints,GINMFSC)。该算法既保持了数据的几何结构,又充分利用上一步的分解结果进行增量学习,而且对系数矩阵施加了稀疏性约束,最后将它们整合于单个目标函数中,构造了一个有效的更新算法。在多个数据库上的仿真结果表明,相对于NMF,GNMF,INMF,IGNMF等算法,GINMFSC算法在降低运算时间的同时,还具有更好的聚类精度和稀疏性。     

稀疏限制的增量式鲁棒非负矩阵分解及其应用

针对鲁棒非负矩阵分解（RNMF）的运算规模随训练样本数量逐渐增多而不断增大的问题，提出一种稀疏限制的增量式鲁棒非负矩阵分解算法。首先，对初始数据进行鲁棒非负矩阵分解；然后，将其分解结果参与到后续迭代运算；最后，在对系数矩阵增加稀疏限制的情况下与增量式学习相结合，使目标函数值在迭代求解时下降地更快。该算法在节省运算时间的同时提高了分解后数据的稀疏度。在数值实验中，将所提算法与鲁棒非负矩阵分解算法、稀疏限制的鲁棒非负矩阵分解（RNMFSC）算法进行了比较。在ORL和YALE人脸数据库上的实验结果表明，所提算法在运算时间和分解后数据的稀疏度等方面均优于其他两个算法，并且还具有较好的聚类效果，尤其在YALE人脸数据库上当聚类类别数为3时该算法的聚类准确率达到了91.67%。     

一种非负矩阵分解的快速方法

针对超高维数据进行非负矩阵分解的计算代价大,特征提取速度慢问题,提出一种非负矩阵分解的快速算法。该算法通过代数变换,把对原高维矩阵的非负分解转换成非负的低维矩阵的非负分解,其求解过程只需要对一个阶数等于样本数的对角矩阵进行非负矩阵分解,同时提取某样本特征时只需要计算该样本与所有训练样本的内积。对高维小样本的基因表达数据降维后进行k均值聚类分析,实验结果表明,该算法在不影响非负矩阵分解性能的前提下,大大提高了计算速度。     

稀疏约束图正则非负矩阵分解

非负矩阵分解(NMF)是在矩阵非负约束下的一种局部特征提取算法。为了提高识别率,提出了稀疏约束图正则非负矩阵分解方法。该方法不仅考虑数据的几何信息,而且对系数矩阵进行稀疏约束,并将它们整合于单个目标函数中。构造了一个有效的乘积更新算法,并且在理论上证明了该算法的收敛性。在ORL和MIT-CBCL人脸数据库上的实验表明了该算法的有效性。     

应用稀疏约束的非负正则矩阵学习算法

针对非负矩阵分解后的数据稀疏性较低,训练样本偏多导致运算规模持续增大的普遍现象,本文提出基于稀疏约束的非负正则矩阵学习算法,本文算法是在样本几何结构信息条件上执行非负矩阵分解操作,并且与学习算法结合,不仅能够有效保持样本局部结构,还能够充分利用前期分解结果参加迭代运算,从而达到降低运算时间目的. 本文实验表明与其他算法比较来说,本文方法在ORL人脸数据库上最多节省时间14.84 s,在COIL20数据集上为136.1 s;而在分解后数据的稀疏性上,本文方法在ORL人脸数据库上的稀疏度提高0.0691,在COIL20数据集上为0.0587. 实验结果表明了算法有效性.     

基于特征融合的多约束非负矩阵分解算法

针对非负矩阵分解后数据的稀疏性降低、单一图像特征不能够很好地描述图像内容的问题,提出一种基于特征融合的多约束非负矩阵分解算法。该算法不仅考虑了少量已知样本的标签信息和稀疏约束,还对其进行了图正则化处理,而且将分解后的具有不同稀疏度的图像特征进行了融合,从而增强了算法的聚类性能和有效性。在Yale-32和COIL20数据集上进行的对比实验进一步验证了该算法具有更好的聚类精度和稀疏性。     

一种潜在信息约束的非负矩阵分解方法

传统的非负矩阵分解方法没有充分利用数据间的内在相似性,从而影响了算法的性能。为此,本文提出一种潜在信息约束的非负矩阵分解方法。该方法首先利用迭代最近邻方法挖掘原始数据的潜在信息,然后利用潜在信息构造数据之间的相似图,最后将相似图作为约束项求得非负矩阵的最优分解。相似图的约束使得非负矩阵分解在降维过程中保持了原始数据之间的相似性关系,进而提高了非负矩阵分解的判别能力。图像聚类实验结果表明了该方法的有效性。     

Call for Papers The 6^th International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing

Recent years have seen rapid advances in various grid-related technologies, middleware, and applications. The GCC conference has become one of the largest scientific events worldwide in grid and cooperative computing. The 6th international conference on grid and cooperative computing (GCC2007) Sponsored by China Computer Federation (CCF),Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT) and Xinjiang University ,and in Cooperation with IEEE Computer Soceity ,is to be held from August 16 to 18, 2007 in Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

法律信息库系统

本文分析了法律数据库的结构和特点，介绍了采用面向对象设计方法和超文本数据库技术开发和实现法律信息库系统将作为重要网络资源之一为不同用户进行法律咨询服务。     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

International Journal of Automation and Computing Table of Contents

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Information for authors

正SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences(Sci China Inf Sci),cosponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Natural Science Foundation of China,and published by Science China Press,is committed to publishing highquality,original results of both basic and applied research in all areas of information sciences,including computer science and technology;systems science,control science and engineering(published in Issues with odd numbers);information and communication engineering;electronic science and technology(published in Issues with even numbers).Sci China Inf Sci is published monthly in both print and electronic forms.It is indexed by Academic OneFile,Astrophysics Data System(ADS),CSA,Cabells,Current Contents/Engineering,Computing and Technology,DBLP,Digital Mathematics Registry,Earthquake Engineering Abstracts,Engineering Index,Engineered Materials Abstracts,Gale,Google,INSPEC,Journal Citation Reports/Science Edition,Mathematical Reviews,OCLC,ProQuest,SCOPUS,Science Citation Index Expanded,Summon by Serial Solutions,VINITI,Zentralblatt MATH.     

Erratum to: Fast global kernel fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm for consonant/vowel segmentation of speech signal

正Erratum to:J Zhejiang Univ-Sci C(ComputElectron)2014 15(7):551-563doi:10.1631/jzus.C1300320The original version of this article unfortunately contained mistakes.Algorithm 6 should be as follows:Algorithm 6 FGKFCM-F clustering Input:(1)X={x_1,x_2,…,x_N},,x_iR~d,i=1,2,…,N,the dataset;(2)C,1C≤N,the number of clusters;(3)ε0,the stopping criterion;     

Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE C (Computers & Electronics) Total contents

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A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.