基于路径分析的死循环检测

提出了一种自动检测C语言程序中是否含有死循环的方法.该方法基于程序分析技术,包括循环展开和路径可行性分析技术.该方法首先通过遍历控制流图生成待查循环的检验路径;之后通过分析检验路径的可行性以及路径之间的联系,判断这些路径是否符合死循环模式.在此方法基础上实现了原型工具LoopAnalyzer,并对一组基准程序进行测试.实验结果表明此工具能有效地检测出C语言程序中的死循环,并且准确率较高.     

一类线性循环程序的终止性判定

提出一种判定这类线性循环程序是否终止的新方法,该方法通过分析循环变量每次迭代后的状态.最后得到循环条件的满足与否只是与变量的初始值和迭代的次数有关.从而判断该循环程序是否终止.根据该方法,不但能判断这一类程序是否终止.对于不是对所有输入都终止的程序,还能够给出程序终止的输入条件.     

基于抽象解释理论的循环边界计算方法

在实时系统的应用中常常需要对系统的执行时间,尤其是最坏执行时间进行分析。而程序中的循环结构的迭代次数对程序执行时间的分析结果具有重要的影响。程序的循环边界分析目的在于给出较为接近程序真实运行情况下的循环结构迭代的上界和下界。提出了一种基于抽象解释理论的程序循环边界计算方法,该方法对原有的循环边界分析方法进行了改进。首先在程序切片阶段对原程序建立程序依赖图,并提出了对程序依赖图的约简方法。由约简后的依赖关系可以对变量的取值进行约束,得到更小的取值范围,因此基于该方法的循环边界分析结果更加接近程序的实际执行边界,对获取精确的程序执行时间具有重要意义。     

循环程序的界函数合成

作为循环程序终止性分析的主流方法,当前的秩函数方法大多局限于线性或多项式秩函数的求解.针对循环程序若不存在对应的线性或多项式秩函数,现有秩函数方法就无法证明其终止性的问题,提出一个新的方法来合成给定循环程序对应的界函数.对于给定的循环程序,倘若能找到其界函数,则表明该循环程序是可终止的.首先将界函数的求解问题转化为一个...     

循环语句在中文dBASEⅡ编程技术中的技巧

循环语句是所有高级语言进行程序设计的必要结构和手段,更是编程技术的重要方法。而改变循环条件,控制循环语句的执行次数则是使用该语句的关键。为此,本文从中文dBASEⅡ编程技术角度探求改变循环条件的种种形式及应用实例,着重提出LOCATE/CONTINUE与循环语句配合使用时产生功能紊乱与死循环的解决方法,从而消除隐患、提高程序的可靠性。     

单分支线性约束循环程序的终止性分析

秩函数法是循环终止性分析的主要方法,秩函数的存在表明了循环程序是可终止的.针对单分支线性约束循环程序,提出一种方法对此类循环的终止性进行分析.基于增函数法向空间的计算,该方法将原程序空间上的秩函数计算问题归结为其子空间上的秩函数计算问题.实验结果表明,该方法能有效验证现有文献中大部分循环程序的终止性.     

任意N重循环的设计方法与应用

提出了任意n重循环设计的一般方法，给出了没计n重循环的递归和非递归程序框架，研究如何控制循环变量的变化以使程序达到最优。最后通过子集和问题、数的全排列和n皇后问题来说明上述方法的应用。     

计算最终线性秩函数的新方法

程序的终止性分析作为程序验证中重要的一环,在软件正确性验证中极为重要。对于一个线性循环程序,若该程序没有传统定义的线性秩函数,则基于传统定义的秩函数终止性分析方法失效。2013年,Bagnara提出了最终线性秩函数(Eventual Linear Ranking Functions)的定义,并证明了若某个程序存在最终线性秩函数,则该程序终止。由此,提出了新的方法来计算最终线性秩函数,构造了存在线性增函数和最终线性秩函数的等价半代数系统,并使用Mathematica工具对半代数系统进行求解,对比分析了各种最终秩函数求解方法的实际计算时间,结果证实了所提方法的优越性。     

基于线性表出的非奇异循环变换局部性优化方法

开发程序的局部性是当今并行编译优化研究的重点之一，而程序变换是开发程序时间局部性和空间局部性的重要手段之一．该文提出了一种新的利用非奇异循环变换来优化程序局部性的局部性优化方法，即基于线性表出的循环变换．该方法利用一组最少的线性无关向量组来线性表出数组访问的下标表达式，并据此构造非奇异变换矩阵来优化数组访问的时间局部性和空间局部性．该方法能充分开发数组访问的时间局部性，能简便地确定是否能对数组访问进行时间局部性或空间局部性优化，并能对给定的嵌套循环同时进行时间局部性和空间局部性优化．实验结果表明了该文所提出的基于线性表出的非奇异循环变换局部性优化方法是有效的．     

串行程序的任务DAG图构造算法

任务DAG图是刻画程序中各任务间依赖关系的一种手段,DAG图上除了标有任务间的依赖关系,还记录了各任务的计算量和任务之间的通信量,这些信息共同构成了任务调度的依据,国内外有许多基于任务DAG图的调度算法研究,但通过分析串行程序的相关性来构造任务DAG图的研究却不多见.分析了串行程序中存在的数据相关性和控制相关性,就程序中的顺序,分支,循环三种基本结构进行分别讨论,提出了一种串行程序任务DAG图的构造算法.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。