微石英音叉陀螺的方波驱动及解调电路研究

在分析微石英音叉陀螺的工作原理及电学特性的基础上,对微石英音叉陀螺的驱动电路和微弱角速度信号的提取方法进行了研究;论证了方波驱动的可行性,提出了在自激驱动回路中加入移相环节,使微石英音叉陀螺的驱动振动频率等于其机械谐振频率,分析了开关同步相敏解调在角速度信号的提取中的应用及其对噪声的抑制能力;设计并分析了一个用方波驱动微石英音叉陀螺,用开关同步相敏解调完成信号解调的电路,该电路结构简单,工作可靠,性价比高.     

微石英音叉陀螺等效阻抗的不稳定性研究

在实验中发现.微石英音叉陀螺在自激振荡驱动回路中的等效阻抗随驱动电压幅值的变化而变化,具有不稳定性。在阐述微石英音叉陀螺基本工作原理及其模拟驱动电路设计基本原则的基础上,研究了微石英音叉陀螺等效阻抗的不稳定性对其模拟驱动电路的影响,从一个侧面说明了现有实用的微石英音叉陀螺模拟驱动电路大多为方渡驱动电路的原因,以及模拟正弦波驱动电路的不可行性。     

微石英音叉陀螺感测电路研究

驱动电路和感测电路是微石英音叉陀螺(QRS)的两个重要组成部分;在了解QRS的基本工作原理及其电学特性的基础上,较为全面地分析了QRS输出信号的组成和特点,并根据输出信号的特点对QRS感测电路进行了研究,研究了拾取QRS感测叉指电荷信号的电荷放大器及其优化设计方法,重点研究了提取角速度信息的同步相敏解调电路,并比较了基于模拟乘法器的同步相敏解调电路和基于电子开关的同步相敏解调电路的优缺点,最后讨论了感测电路印制电路板的低噪声设计.     

电容式微机械陀螺接口电路

接口电路是电容式微机械陀螺研制中的关键技术之一.给出了一种通用的电容式微机械陀螺接口电路方案.该方案包括电容检测和信号处理两个模块.相位相反幅度相同的两路高频载波加在敏感差动电容的两端形成敏感电桥,另一频率的高频载波叠加了驱动信号后加在驱动差动电容两端形成驱动电桥,质量块作为所有电容的公共端连接两电桥接虚地的放大器,构成前置电容检测模块;后续的带通滤波电路将驱动和敏感信号分离,各自解调滤波得到两个模态相应的振动信息,驱动振动对敏感振动再次解调即可得到和输入角速度信号成线性关系的直流电压.采用音叉电容式陀螺进行实验,结果表明该电路能够有效的能够有效的抑制寄生电容和各个接口电容之间电耦合的,电容分辨率可以达到10-15F.     

微机械音叉陀螺驱动电路的研究

在分析微机械音叉陀螺的输出信号与驱动信号频率及幅度关系的基础上，提出对微机械音叉陀螺采用自激振荡闭环驱动方法，为微机械音叉陀螺的实验设计提供了理论基础，实验表明这种方法是可行的。     

用单片计算机进行FSK解调

遥测低速(50～300bit/s)数传电路的FSK解调,通常采用音叉或锁相环解调。音叉解调的稳定性好,但解调速率不高,选择谐振频率不方便。锁相环解速率虽高,但是带宽和稳定性的矛盾不易解决,我们采用单片计算机进行FSK解调,解调速率与锁相环相当,而稳定性,可靠性比音叉解调高,兼有二者的优点。一般FSK信号的解调方法有鉴频法。过零检测法和差分检波法等。我们在这里用软件把过零检测与鉴频法结合进行解调。接收机送来的音频信号经整形电路后得到方波,单电机8748的检测口T_1不断检测方波,把解调的码元从I/O口送入SIO串行口,再送入微机处理,硬件框图以下     

微型石英音叉陀螺模态特性的设计

微型石英音叉陀螺是近年来发展起来的新型惯性器件,采用ANSYS软件建立了微型石英音叉的实体模型,对其进行了压电振动模态分析,依据计算结果设计制作了微型石英音叉陀螺样片,实测值与计算结果相吻合,证明了这一分析方法的实用性。     

一种改进的振动式微机械陀螺驱动电路

采用闭环控制电路使振动式微机械陀螺驱动模态保持谐振是提高其灵敏度和稳定性的最为直接、有效的方法.基于锁相控制环路是目前振动式陀螺驱动广泛采用的控制方法之一.对包括陀螺在内的锁相环各个环节进行了建模.对各部分模型线性化处理后,推导了微机械陀螺锁相环控制电路的系统传递函数.传递函数的分析表明该系统是一个有差系统,即压控振荡器发生频率和陀螺谐振频率总是存在一定的频差.文中引入了校正环节来消除稳态误差.采用音叉电容式微机械陀螺进行了实验,转台实验显示刻度因子有所提高,表明该控制方案能够有效的提高陀螺的灵敏度及其稳定性.     

基于公理设计理论的微机械石英陀螺的研究

运用公理设计的理论分析了振动陀螺的原理,提出了振动陀螺的公理设计模型,并用这种模型对微机械石英陀螺的振动敏感元件—石英音叉片进行了解耦分析。运用灵敏度的有限元分析方法对石英音叉片的解耦设计的优劣进行了评价,为后续的设计提供有益的参考。     

二频机抖激光陀螺高精度低延时信号解调电路设计

在激光陀螺信号解调滤波过程中,工程上经常运用高阶FIR滤波电路来实现抖动信号剥除;这种方法虽然精度高但具有较高的延时,无法满足激光陀螺输出结果实时性的要求;为了解决这个问题,提出了一种基于FPGA的激光陀螺信号解调电路,利用自适应滤波原理对激光陀螺输出抖动信号进行自适应剥除,最后进行了相应精度及延迟测试;实验结果表明激光陀螺信号经过该系统自适应抖动剥除后效果较好,激光陀螺静态输出百秒方差仅为千分之三且系统延迟0.6 ms远低于常规5 ms延迟,满足了激光陀螺信号解调高精度低延时的要求。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

正~~     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate