Software technology—formal methods and scientific foundations

Formal methods have been seen as ways to improve the quality of the software development process. However, apart from the interesting idea to apply mathematics and logic directly to software development activities, there is an urgent need to create a scientific foundation on which today's software technology practise can be based. We discuss the progress in formal methods and their influence in forming a scientific foundation for software technology. We argue that logics and mathematics provide a scientific basis for software engineering, which leads to a deeper understanding of the development process and a more powerful tool support. We point out, how software engineering methods can be backed up by mathematics. We discuss the benefits of such a mathematical foundation that go far beyond the application of so-called formal methods for the specification and verification of software.     

Winning teams: performance engineering during development

In 1995 Raytheon Systems initiated a program to develop a DSP-based array processor that would be used to process large amount of raw data from a sensor subsystem. However, because the next generation target processor had not yet been released the software development team had to complete a significant amount of the system and software development prior to the availability of the actual hardware. To foster strong algorithmic performance and efficient implementation in this high-risk development environment, they incorporated software performance engineering into their design methods. Loosely defined software engineering is a set of techniques designed to gather data, construct a system performance model, manage the risk of uncertainty, evaluate alternatives and verify the models and results. The author explains his experience on this project detailing the areas of SPE that were used throughout the life cycle of this software development program: execution modeling, input modeling, gathering of performance data, tools, design principles and software engineering     

通信系统软件开发环境技术研究

通信系统的开发变得越来越复杂,各种技术侧重于系统开发的某个局部阶段,阻碍了这些技术的实际应用。该文从通信系统的特点出发,指出了开发这类系统的需求,分析了当前存在的技术对开发通信系统的支持,试图把这些方法统一到一个完整开发环境中。并从结构建模、行为建模、时间模型、系统验证和开发过程等几个方面重点分析了两类通信系统开发工具,指出某些存在的问题。最后进行总结并拟定了今后的研究重点。     

面向CIPS的企业集成化建模技术研究

CIPS是流程性企业实现企业信息化,实现企业各系统的信息集成和过程集成,从而 提高企业市场竞争力的综合自动化系统工程．CIPS的本质是系统集成和技术融合．为了在流 程性企业实现这一目标,急需要一套先进的方法论和支持工具来支持和指导CIPS的规划和实 施．其中,集成化建模技术为缩小CIPS理论研究与CIPS工程实施之间的差距提供了机会,基 于集成化建模理论的建模方法、建模工具和分析工具也能够有效地帮助企业建模理论转化为 可操作的企业模型．本文在分析了CIPS的应用特点及系统构成的基础上对面向CIPS的企业集 成化建模技术发展趋势及其关键技术做了概要性的描述,并对其中的两项较关键的技术进行 了探讨,提出了面向CIPS的企业集成化建模体系结构及面向CIPS的企业集成化建模与仿真过 程框架．面向CIPS的企业集成化建模技术研究为CIPS的理论研究与系统应用提供有利的支持 ．     

面向集成化CAE软件开发的SiPESC研发工作进展

针对我国自主CAE软件发展缓慢的事实,根据现代工程领域的科学研究和产品研发对CAE建模、分析和设计能力提出的需求,研发自主的面向CAE工程与科学计算集成化软件平台SiPESC（Software Integration Platform for Engineering and Scientific Computation...     

智能需求获取与建模研究综述

需求获取和建模是指从需求文本或记录中获取显式和隐式的需求,并通过表格化、图形化、形式化等方法构建相应模型的过程,是软件开发过程中极为关键的一步,为后续系统设计与实现铺平道路,提高软件开发效率和质量,提升软件系统稳定性和可行性.研究者们在需求获取与建模方面获得了一系列研究成果,根据其关注阶段不同,可以将它们分为需求知识提取、需求知识分类和需求模型构建3个方面.鉴于传统方法在知识获取、模型构建的准确性和效率方面一直存在弊端,近年来,越来越多的研究者们将具有广泛应用性的人工智能技术与需求获取、需求分类、需求建模方法相结合,提出了一系列智能需求获取与建模的方法和技术,从而弥补了传统方法的不足.着重从智能需求获取与建模角度着手,对近年来的研究进展进行梳理和总结.主要内容包括:1)统计并分析人工智能技术在需求知识提取、需求知识分类和需求模型构建中使用的方法和技术;2)总结了智能需求获取与建模过程中采用的验证方法和评估方法;3)从科学问题和技术难点2个方面归纳得出目前智能需求获取与建模的关键问题,围绕集成式和动态化模型构建、与其他软件工程活动关联、智能需求知识分类的粒度、数据集构建、评估指标构建和工具支持6部分,阐述了上述问题的可能解决思路和未来发展趋势.     

面向Agent的软件设计模式

设计模式针对一类在特定上下文中反复出现的问题给出了通用解决方案,模式的提取和重用有助于提高软件开发的效率和质量,其思想和方法已在面向对象软件工程中得到广泛应用和验证。我们认为同一问题采用不同的实现技术往往具有不同的设计形态,不同软件开发范型也有其各自不同的设计模式。作为一种新颖的软件开发范型,近年来面向Agent软件工程的研究取得了长足进展,如何提高软件Agent技术实用性,发挥其技术潜力,扩大其应用范围成为当前人们关注的焦点。本文将模式思想引入到面向Agent软件工程,针对软件Agent技术的特点,从组织结构、交互协作和个体Agent体系结构三个视点提出了一组面向Agent的软件设计模式,以支持多Agent系统的设计;并进一步给出了面向Agent设计模式的描述框架,进行了典型设计模式和应用案例的分析。     

MDE for SoC design

We employ the principles of model-driven engineering to assist the design of system-on-chip (SoC) architectures. As a concrete example, we look at the MICAS architecture, for which we propose a graphical specification language, defined via metamodeling techniques, that models the architecture at different abstraction levels. Model transformations are defined to support the refinement of MICAS specification towards implementation. In addition, several libraries are put in place, to enable reuse and automation throughout the design process. Tool support for editing the specifications, enforcing their consistency, and for running the transformations is provided via the Coral modeling framework. The approach shows that model-driven engineering can be seen as an enabler in providing computer-aided software engineering (CASE) tool support and automation for the development of SoC architectures.     

A structured methodology for implementing engineering data management

One of the most significant positive effects on product and process development in recent years has been the application of data management techniques. Engineering data management or product data management is the most promising one. The implementation of engineering data management is heavily dependent on the engineering process and involves the technologies of management, engineering, and information. However, as there is no commonly acceptable approach and methodologies for implementing engineering data management, it’s implementation becomes a bottleneck.This paper presents a structured methodology for the implementation of engineering data management. The approach consists of a series of steps, from business and engineering process analysis, modeling and reengineering, through system design and modeling, to system realization.This research will facilitate engineering process improvement and the planning, design and implementation of engineering data management. Consequently, it will help increase product development capability and quality, reduce development cycle time and cost, and hence increase product marketability.     

rCOS: a formal model-driven engineering method for component-based software

Model-driven architecture (MDA) has become a main stream technology for software-intensive system design. The main engineering principle behind it is that the inherent complexity of software development can only be mastered by building, analyzing and manipulating system models. MDA also deals with system complexity by providing component-based design techniques, allowing independent component design, implementation and deployment, and then system integration and reconfiguration based on component interfaces. The model of a system in any stage is an integration of models of different viewpoints. Therefore, for a model-driven method to be applied effectively, it must provide a body of techniques and an integrated suite of tools for model construction, validation, and transformation. This requires a number of modeling notations for the specification of different concerns and viewpoints of the system. These notations should have formally defined syntaxes and a unified theory of semantics. The underlying theory of the method is needed to underpin the development of tools and correct use of tools in software development, as well as to formally verify and reason about properties of systems in mission-critical applications. The modeling notations, techniques, and tools must be designed so that they can be used seamlessly in supporting development activities and documentation of artifacts in software design processes. This article presents such a method, called the rCOS, focusing on the models of a system at different stages in a software development process, their semantic integration, and how they are constructed, analyzed, transformed, validated, and verified.     

Formal foundations for object-oriented data modeling

Class dictionary graphs, axiomatic definitions of basic structures used by object-oriented designers and programmers during the software development process, are discussed. An axiomatic foundation for object-oriented data modeling and efficient algorithms for checking whether a given data model satisfies the axioms are presented. The data model is the foundation for a number of techniques for developing object-oriented systems, including adaptive software, schema abstraction from object examples, schema optimization, planning techniques for system development, and the Law of Demeter, among others     

Information Modeling Aspects of Software Development

The distinction between the modeling of information and the modeling of data in the creation of automated systems has historically been important because the development tools available to programmers have been wedded to machine oriented data types and processes. However, advances in software engineering, particularly the move toward data abstraction in software design, allow activities reasonably described as information modeling to be performed in the software creation process. An examination of the evolution of programming languages and development of general programming paradigms, including object-oriented design and implementation, suggests that while data modeling will necessarily continue to be a programmer's concern, more and more of the programming process itself is coming to be characterized by information modeling activities.     

基于UML的工作流引擎用例分析与设计

本文通过使用通用的UML建模语言,对工作流引擎的工作过程及具体功能进行了设计与描述,并给出了相应的用例图和交互图.这对工作流引擎的代码实现及软件工程的代码自动化生成奠定了良好的基础,使用效果较好.     

面向对象的组合软件工程研究

组合软件工程技术是当今软件工程技术发展的主流。本文综述了作者在基于对象的组合软件工程研究方面的最新进展，包括语义模型、描述语言、设计方法学和支持环境等方面。     

基于UML的Web商务平台的开发方法

统一建模语言UML是一种面向对象的软件开发方法,它融合了软件工程领域的新思想、新方法和新技术。本文用UML设计了一个Web商务平台,并用支持UML的建模工具--RationalRose Enterprise Edition实现了该Web商务平台。本文给出了Web商务平台的需求分析-用例图,Web商务平台的详细设计--序列图、活动图和类图,以及Web商务平台的实现--
组件图和布局图。UML作为标准建模语言,支持从系统需求分析开始的软件开发全过程,它使系统各开发团队能够较容易地沟通,从而增强了整个系统开发过程的可控性,加快了
系统的开发速度,提高了软件质量。     

Development of a computer-aided concurrent net shape product and process development environment

This paper presents a systematic approach to developing a collaborative environment for computer-aided concurrent net shape product and process development. This approach includes the steps of (1) conventional development process analysis, (2) development process re-engineering, (3) computer-based system functional requirements analysis, (4) system framework design, and (5) system modeling, integration and implementation. This environment can support concurrent net shape product and process development by providing and integrating functions of product data management, process management and development advisory tools. The results of this research will facilitate the rationalization and automation of net shape product and process development and thus improve the efficiency and quality, and reduce the cost of net shape product development.

IDEF structural analysis methodology was employed to capture the characteristics of net shape product and process development process. The concept of concurrent engineering was used to re-engineer the development process. The technology of system engineering was used to design the computer-aided system framework. Object-oriented analysis, modeling and design methodology, knowledge engineering and data engineering techniques were employed for system modeling and implementation.