基于SOPC技术的目标识别系统设计

SOPC系统结合了嵌入式系统与FPGA优点,为高性能数字系统提供了新的实现方法。本文结合识别算法的特点,运用软硬件协同设计技术,设计实现了基于SOPC的目标识别系统。给出了完整的设计流程、设计方法,介绍了SOPC系统设计的关键技术。     

软硬件协同设计中的软硬件划分方法综述

近年来,随着信息领域的物联网、工业互联网、机器人等研究热点发展,嵌入式系统技术再次得到科技工作者和工程师的广泛关注和重视,同时嵌入式系统产品的集成度和性能要求越来越高.软硬件协同设计是开发嵌入式系统产品的重要方法之一,而软硬件划分是软硬件协同设计中的关键技术.本文对现有软硬件划分方法从不同层面进行梳理和分类,重点介绍几种常用的软硬件划分方法,并结合实例进行了详细阐述,最后对这几种方法进行综合比较,供嵌入式系统开发科技工作者和工程师参考.     

嵌入式系统电源的设计与调试

随着计算机技术、半导体技术以及电子技术的发展,嵌入式系统以其体积小、可靠性高、功耗低、软硬件集成度高等特点广泛应用于工业制造、过程控制、通信、仪器、仪表、汽车、船舶、航空、航天、军事装备、消费类产品等众多领域.嵌入式系统硬件设计与调试是嵌入式系统设计成功的基础,而硬件电路中电源电路的设计与调试则是系统硬件调试成功的关键.本文从实际应用出发,结合在焊接机控制系统中嵌入式系统电源的设计与调试过程中碰到的一些问题,分析讨论嵌入式系统电源的设计与调试方法.     

基于NIOSⅡ软核处理器的嵌入式测试系统软硬件设计研究

介绍了利用NIOSⅡ软核处理器设计嵌入式测试系统的两类系统架构,详细讲述了基于NIOSⅡ软核处理器的嵌入式测试系统软硬件设计方法;最后结合EP2C8Q-208C8型FPGA芯片,利用Verilog语言描述A/D芯片的工作时序逻辑,利用NIOSⅡ软核处理器设计串口处理单元,将A/D采集的数据通过串口发送到计算机显示。实践表明,利用NIOS II软核处理器设计嵌入式测试系统,具有开发周期短,系统集成度高,功能灵活多样等特点,与传统利用单片机设计嵌入式测试系统相比,具有时钟频率高、运行速度快、调试方便等特点,是一种值得推广的嵌入式测试系统设计方法。     

论5视图方法在嵌入式系统架构设计中的应用

传统的嵌入式系统设计,大多倾向系统流程的分析,并采取软件和硬件分开设计的方式,从而忽视了软硬件的整体性及硬件快速更新的特性.针对上述问题,从方法学的角度出发,提出5视图方法,以架构驱动的模式促进软硬件整合设计.然后,引用一个多用户多任务的软实时嵌入式系统为实例,阐述5视图方法在嵌入式系统架构设计中的应用,并结合UML从不同的视角描述软硬件的整体架构.提出的思维方法对嵌入式系统设计有一定的指导意义.     

基于平台和中间件的嵌入式系统软硬件协同设计

提出了一种基于平台和软件中间件技术的嵌入式系统软硬件协同设计方法。通过显微图像嵌入式Internet技术的具体研究,比较详细地分析了嵌入式系统软硬件协同设计方法,并给出设计流程。通过软/硬件平台的设计,以及TCP/IP协议栈等中间件的具体开发,实现了一个实用的嵌入式系统,并给出实验测试结论。研究结果表明:该方法有利于复杂系统的层次化分解、软件复用,以及软硬件优化,同时,可提高系统的可靠性。是一种有效的嵌入式系统设计方法。     

嵌入式系统设计的研究

嵌入式技术作为是一门新兴富有巨大发展力的科学技术,已经得到了人们的越来越多的关注。该文讨论了嵌入式系统特点、嵌入式软硬件开发流程以及设计的方法。     

软硬件协同设计方法的研究

论述了嵌入式系统软硬件协同设计的一般方法，结合CORSAIR、COOL和POLIS 3种有代表性的软硬件协同设计系统，对系统描述、软硬件划分、软硬件协同综合等几个主要设计步骤进行了研究与分析，并提出了新的思路和方法。     

嵌入式系统协调设计与协同模拟技术

随着微电子和计算机技术的发展,嵌入式系统的功能和结构日益复杂,传统的设计方法已经无法满足嵌入式产品快速发展需要。作为系统设计新方法,协调设计(Co-Design)已经成为嵌入式系统设计方法热点研究之一。协调设计就是在系统设计之初通过划分手段把整个系统划分为适合软件和硬件实现两部分,使系统设计并行进行。软硬件设计完成后利用协同模拟手段验证系统设计正确性,验证通过后,系统设计进入进行软硬件综合和系统集成测试阶段。该文研究嵌入式系统协调设计环境和软硬件系统模拟方法,通过构造软件和硬件模拟器,在系统设计初期实现嵌入式系统的软硬件功能及软硬件接口设计的快速验证,达到优化系统设计、降低系统开发成本、缩短设计周期的目的。     

嵌入式系统以太网卡控制器LAN91C96

以LAN91C96为例,介绍嵌入式以太网控制器基本结构;结合PXA250(XScale),分析嵌入式系统网络接口卡(NIC)软硬件设计。     

嵌入式系统设计开发的相关问题研究

本文主要阐述了嵌入式系统设计与开发的相关问题。本文首先列表比较了嵌入式系统几种常用软件分析设计方法的优缺点，并简介了三种常用的嵌入式系统硬件设计模式。其次，分析了嵌入式软件开发的相关技术，讨论了开发过程中的一些常见问题以及相应技巧。     

基于UML-RT的复杂嵌入式系统建模方法及其应用

分析了UML在实时系统设计中的优点和需要解决的主要问题,论述了基于UML RT的实时嵌入式系统设计方法,并且对其进行扩展以支持数据流计算模型的建模,最后以汽车巡航系统为例加以说明。     

嵌入式应用软件设计方法学研究综述

嵌入式系统的资源（CPU、存储器等)有限，具有专用性(很多硬件设备根据应用定制)，要求实时处理，因此嵌入式应用软件设计方法学必须满足这些特性。本文对嵌入式应用软件设计方法学进行了综合研究(包括结构化的软件设计方法学、面向对象的软件设计方法学和基于构件的软件设计方法学)，讨论了各种方法学的特点及其适用场合，总结了嵌入式应用软件设计方法学的发展规律，指出了未来的发展方向。     

QoS-oriented design of embedded systems with specification PEARL

Only recently have methodical tools adequate to design real-time systems been formally introduced in design methodologies. Naturally, they were present from the beginning, but due to the large diversity of embedded systems’ areas of deployment, specially dedicated formalisms have been developed and used. High-level language programming and integration of modeling formalisms into design methods eased the development of more complex real-time applications. With the emerging object-oriented programming languages and design methods, their integration into larger information systems has become more transparent. It was the UML methodology, however, which eventually merged also the design methods and concepts of real-time systems into a consistent whole. It took a large consortium and a long process to persuade industry of the benefits the new integral methodology can offer. On the other hand, there are some trade-offs, and there are some features not completely covered, yet. Here, a different, more straightforward approach to program and design (embedded) real-time systems is presented. Since it emerged from the real-time community, it includes most features relevant there. Independent of the UML profile for schedulability, performance and time specification, a profile was devised for use in PEARL-oriented UML design. The strengths of the mentioned language and design methods for QoS-oriented design of (embedded) real-time systems are emphasised throughout this article.     

Fuzzy logic-based embedded system for video de-interlacing

Video de-interlacing algorithms perform a crucial task in video processing. Despite these algorithms are developed using software implementations, their implementations in hardware are required to achieve real-time operation. This paper describes the development of an embedded system for video de-interlacing. The algorithm for video de-interlacing uses three fuzzy logic-based systems to tackle three relevant features in video sequences: motion, edges, and picture repetition. The proposed strategy implements the algorithm as a hardware IP core on a FPGA-based embedded system. The paper details the proposed architecture and the design methodology to develop it. The resulting embedded system is verified on a FPGA development board and it is able to de-interlace in real-time.     

Control-Based Adaptive Middleware for Real-Time Image Transmission over Bandwidth-Constrained Networks

Real-time image transmission is crucial to an emerging class of distributed embedded systems operating in open network environments. Examples include avionics mission replanning over Link-16, security systems based on wireless camera networks, and online collaboration using camera phones. Meeting image transmission deadlines is a key challenge in such systems due to unpredictable network conditions. In this paper, we present CAMRIT, a Control-based Adaptive Middleware framework for Real-time Image Transmission in distributed real-time embedded systems. CAMRIT features a distributed feedback control loop that meets image transmission deadlines by dynamically adjusting the quality of image tiles. We derive an analytic model that captures the dynamics of a distributed middleware architecture. A control-theoretic methodology is applied to systematically design a control algorithm with analytic assurance of system stability and performance, despite uncertainties in network bandwidth. Experimental results demonstrate that CAMRIT can provide robust real-time guarantees for a representative application scenario.     

基于TTA的嵌入式ASIP设计

在嵌入式微处理器设计中，采用ASIP（application specific instruction processor）处理器设计方法，可以在满足功能和性能要求的同时，缩短嵌入式微处理器产品的研制时间．当前ASIP处理器设计方法还面临着许多问题，如体系结构优化、软件代码的可重定向编译等，这些都阻碍了ASIP处理器设计方法的广泛应用．因此，提出了一种基于传输触发体系结构（transport triggered architecture，TTA）的嵌入式ASIP设计方法，对其设计关键技术进行了详细的讨论，并通过两个目标应用的ASIP微处理器设计实例说明了该方法可以有效解决上述问题，快速开发出满足目标应用程序要求的嵌入式处理器。     

嵌入式系统规范语言

规范语言是整个嵌入式系统设计方法学的核心。归纳总结了嵌入式系统规范语言的发展过程，并针对当前嵌入式系统的发展趋势。说明了嵌入式系统规范和规范语言的设计需求，进而介绍比较了两种重要的基于C／C＋＋语言的新的规范语言SystemC和SpecC，最后阐述了基于C／C＋＋的规范语言的看法，并展望了未来规范语言的发展。     

复杂实时嵌入式系统建模与设计方法研究

提出了一种面向角色(Actor-Oriented)的复杂实时嵌入式系统建模与设计方法．该方法首先根据不同的计算模型(Computation Model)和不同的抽象层次(Abstract Hierarchy)将嵌入式系统划分为多个具有单一计算模型的子系统，然后按某一领域的专业知识构造这些子系统．再将这些子系统综合成一个整体模型，加以仿真．最后从调试好的模型自动生成软件代码和硬件描述语言，从而完成设计工作．还介绍了面向角色集成开发环境，并根据实例分析了该方法的有效性和优点。     

A modelling-based methodology for evaluating the performance of a real-time embedded control system

This paper presents a modelling-based methodology for embedded control system (ECS) design. Here, instead of developing a new methodology for ECS design, we propose to upgrade an existing one by bridging it with a methodology used in other areas of embedded systems design. We created a transformation bridge between the control-scheduling and the hardware/software (HW/SW) co-design tools. By defining this bridge, we allow for an automatic model transformation. As a result, we obtain more accurate timing-behaviour simulations, considering not only the real-time software, but also the hardware architecture’s impact on the control performance. We show an example with different model-evaluation results compared to real implementation measurements, which clearly demonstrates the benefits of our approach.