基于部件组合的联机手写“藏文—梵文”样本生成

“藏文—梵文”包括500多个现代藏文、6 000多个梵音藏文,在文字识别领域属于大类别的字符集,所以联机手写样本采集是庞大而复杂的工程。鉴于此,提供了一种基于部件组合的“藏文—梵文”手写样本生成方法,主要包括: (1)确定“藏文—梵文”字符集和部件集;(2)获取“藏文—梵文”字丁的部件位置信息;(3)采集联机手写“藏文—梵文”部件的样本;(4)生成联机手写“藏文—梵文”字符集样本库。该文为联机手写“藏文—梵文”识别的研究提供字符训练样本库和测试样本库,提高了手写梵音藏文样本采集效率,解决了样本数量及多样性问题,降低了样本采集成本,为进一步联机手写梵音藏文识别的研究与系统开发奠定了基础。     

一种女书手写字符规范字形自动生成方法

中国女书是具有鲜明民族特色的文字,目前国内还没有公认的女书规范字库。针对手写体文字规范化字体生成过程多采用人工修正方式、效率低下的现状,该文设计了一种女书手写字符规范字自动生成方法。基于手写文字样本,提取其单像素骨架,并结合字符轮廓信息进行骨架畸变点校正;然后提取骨架特征点和笔段,根据笔段连通性和交角情况建立笔段关联矩阵;基于笔段关联矩阵由笔段恢复笔画,获取笔画路径关键点序列;最后基于三次Bezier曲线重绘字符笔画并均匀加粗,形成笔画粗细一致、平滑无毛刺、无畸变的规范字体。实验结果表明,该方法自动便捷,效果良好,效率优于人工方式,经改进后可以推广到其他手写字符的规范化过程。     

基于ISO/IEC10646标准的藏文操作系统若干问题研究

长期以来尚未有完整的藏文操作系统,原因是藏文文字的特性要求特定的文字处理。本文基于ISOPIEC 10646 的藏文字符集标准,结合藏文正字法要求,详细分析了藏文操作系统实现中的关键问题: (1) 藏文字符集方案比较与藏文存储; (2) 藏文输入; (3) 藏文显现。藏文显现是公认的“瓶颈”问题。对此,本文提出基于音节划分、使用OpenType 字体及相应的文本引擎来解决藏文“叠加”字符的显现。此方案应用于Qt 库的实验及相关测试证明基于ISOPIEC 10646 标准的藏文操作系统实现是较合理的方案。     

基于主曲线算法的手写字符特征分析与提取

模式特征的提取与选择是提高手写体字符识别率的关键因素。主曲线是主成分分析的非线性推广,它是通过数据分布“中间”并满足“自相合”的光滑曲线,能够很好地描述数据分布的结构特征。利用软K段主曲线算法提取训练数据的特征,在分析手写体字符结构特点的基础上,选出手写体字符识别所使用的粗分类与细分类特征,利用这些分类特征对手写字符进行识别。该方法在CEDAR手写体数字和字符数据库上的实验表明：选取的分类特征能够有效区分相似的手写体字符,提高手写字符的识别率,为脱机手写字符识别研究提供了一种新的方法。     

忘掉Ghost吧——初识WinPE 2．0

在使用“字符映射表”时建议使用宋体字。因为有的字体还不支持GBl8030超大字符集。比如“方正姚体”就不支持。所以在使用“字符映射表”的过程中首先是要选中支持这个超大字符集的字体才行。     

基于Unicode编码方式的TrueType字体的实现

MiniGUI是典型的图形用户界面系统，它采用面向对象的技术实现多字体和多字符集的支持。MiniGUI针对字体和字符集定义了一系列抽象接口，如果要增加对某种字体或某种字符集的支持，只需实现该字体类型和该字符集的接口即可。该文重点讲述了对Unicode字符集和TrueType字体的支持和实现，并提供了Unicode编码方式的文本处理和显示的API。     

编码字符集标准及分类研究

编码字符集标准是计算机处理文字信息的基础,本文提出了编码字符集三元组抽象,对现有编码字符集标准进行了简单回顾和总结,深入剖析了影响巨大的ISO2022标准及其派生标准,对ISO2022编码机制应用于多语言环境的局限性进行了探讨,阐明了使用通用编码字符集UCS的必要性,并对其进行了分析。探讨了现有编码分类方法存在的问题,引入了一种对编码字符集以及实现方法进行分类的新方法,使用该方法对现有标准进行了归类;最后对汉字字符集相关的国家标准进行了分析评介。     

基于支持向量机的联机手写维吾尔字符识别

提出一种基于结构特征的手写维吾尔字符识别算法,首先根据字符的笔画数目将待识别字符划分为五个子集,然后再根据"附加笔画位置"等特征对字符集再进行划分。根据每个子集中的字符分布情况,提取不同长度的特征向量,然后利用SVM为每个字符集构造一个分类器,进行训练和识别。     

线性合成的双粒度 RNN 集成系统

针对脱机文字识别,提出了一种基于线性合成的双粒度递归神经网络(Recurrent neural net work, RNN)集成系统.首先,使用单词RNN对未知图 像进行识别;然后,依据识别结果进行字符分割,使用字符RNN对分割后的字符进行识别,并利用查表法计算字符的后验概率;最后,综合两个RNN的识别结果决定最终单词输出.在CAPTCHA识别 和手写识别上的实验结果证明了该系统的有效性.     

手写体字符识别的多特征多分类器设计

特征选取和分类器设计是字符识别系统设计的关键。文章针对手写体汉字和阿拉伯数字混和字符集的识别提出了依据不同的分类要求,分别选取不同的字符特征并采用神经网络多分类器进行识别的设计方法。实验结果表明,该方法用于手写体混合字符集的识别是行之有效的。     

Neural Network Recognition of Hand-printed Characters

Character recognition systems can contribute tremendously to the advancement of the automation process, and can improve the interaction between man and machine in many applications, including office automation, cheque verification and a large variety of banking, business and data entry applications.The main theme of this paper is the automatic recognition of hand-printed Latin characters using artificial neural networks in combination with conventional techniques. This approach has a number of advantages: it combines rule-based (structural) approach for feature extraction and non-linea classification tests for recognition; it is more efficient for large and complex data sets; feature extraction is inexpensive and execution time is independent of handwriting style and size. The technique can be divided into three major steps: The first step is pre-processing in which the original image is transformed into a binary image utilising a 300 dpi scanner and then thinned using a parallel thinning algorithm. Second, the image-skeleton is traced from left to right in order to build a binary tree. Some primitives, such as Straight lines, Curves and Loops, are extracted from the binary tree. Finally, a three layer artificial neural network is used for character classification. The system was tested on a sample of handwritten characters from several individuals whose writing ranged from acceptable to poor in quality and the correct average recognition rate obtained using cross-validation was 86%.     

Multi-class pattern classification using neural networks

Multi-class pattern classification has many applications including text document classification, speech recognition, object recognition, etc. Multi-class pattern classification using neural networks is not a trivial extension from two-class neural networks. This paper presents a comprehensive and competitive study in multi-class neural learning with focuses on issues including neural network architecture, encoding schemes, training methodology and training time complexity. Our study includes multi-class pattern classification using either a system of multiple neural networks or a single neural network, and modeling pattern classes using one-against-all, one-against-one, one-against-higher-order, and P-against-Q. We also discuss implementations of these approaches and analyze training time complexity associated with each approach. We evaluate six different neural network system architectures for multi-class pattern classification along the dimensions of imbalanced data, large number of pattern classes, large vs. small training data through experiments conducted on well-known benchmark data.     

Hardware requirements for neural network pattern classifiers: acase study and implementation

A special-purpose chip, optimized for computational needs of neural networks and performing over 2000 multiplications and additions simultaneously, is described. Its data path is particularly suitable for the convolutional architectures typical in pattern classification networks but can also be configured for fully connected or feedback topologies. A development system permits rapid prototyping of new applications and analysis of the impact of the specialized hardware on system performance. The power and flexibility of the processor are demonstrated with a neural network for handwritten character recognition containing over 133000 connections     

Recognition of hand-printed characters based on structural description and inductive logic programming

Character recognition systems can contribute tremendously to the advancement of the automation process and can improve the interaction between man and machine in many applications, including office automation, cheque verification and a large variety of banking, business and data entry applications. The main theme of this paper is the automatic recognition of hand-printed Arabic characters using machine learning. Conventional methods have relied on hand-constructed dictionaries which are tedious to construct and difficult to make tolerant to variation in writing styles. The advantages of machine learning are that it can generalize over the large degree of variation between writing styles and recognition rules can be constructed by example.

The system was tested on a sample of handwritten characters from several individuals whose writing ranged from acceptable to poor in quality and the average correct recognitions rate obtained using cross-validation was 86.65%.     

人工神经网络在文物分类系统中的应用研究

人工神经网络由于其强大的学习和适应能力,广泛应用于模式识别、模式分类、自动控制、图像处理及智能系统的非线性建模等方面。文中对几种典型的人工神经网络的结构、功能、学习算法进行了综述,详细介绍了人工神经网络在文物分类系统中的应用,比较结果可以得出自组织竞争神经网络的分类效果要优于其它两种神经网络。     

An Overview of Neural OCR Networks

Because neural networks specialize in handling ambiguous data, they are especially suited for such applications as speech recognition and optical character recognition (OCR). OCR applications are usually ambiguous because their data is generated by an inconsistent factor—the individual. This article provides an overview of neural networks and describes how this technology can be integrated with OCR technology to create neural OCR networks that can significantly improve the process of optical character recognition.     

典型人工神经网络的结构、功能及其在智能系统中的应用

人工神经网络已在各个领域得到广泛的应用, 尤其是在智能系统中的非线性建模及其控制器的设计、模式分类与模式识别、联想记忆和优 化计算等方面更是得到人们的极大关注．本文从网络在智能系统中建模及控制器设计的具体 训练结构入手,详细介绍了BP网络在系统控制中的典型应用方式,并根据不同网络所具有的 功能,从性能对比的角度对人工神经网络在上述各方面的应用给予综述．     

基于统计与神经元方法相结合的手写体相似字识别

本文提出了一种基于统计识别方法与人工神经元网络相结合的手写体相似汉字识别方法。该方法充分利用了统计识别方法和神经元网络识别方法的优点,不仅显著地提高了相似字的识别率,而且有效地提高了系统的整体性能。对相似字的识别率由79.02%提高到84.32% ,提高了五个百分点,整体识别率提高了1.3个百分点。