基于自适应特征融合的粒子滤波目标跟踪算法

提出了一种基于自适应特征融合的粒子滤波跟踪算法,用于解决传统的粒子滤波跟踪方法在复杂背景下容易跟踪失败的问题。该算法选取颜色特征和边缘特征来描述目标,并通过粒子滤波进行特征融合,根据可靠性因子调整各特征的权值系数;在跟踪过程中,随着目标自身形变,自适应更新目标模板。实验结果表明,在复杂背景下以及受到遮挡时,本算法能够准确稳健地跟踪目标。     

自适应模型更新的多特征融合目标跟踪算法

针对目标在运动过程中存在遮挡、光照变化、背景因素等复杂情况下的跟踪问题,提出了一种多特征融合的跟踪算法;利用背景加权后的联合直方图来描述目标的灰度和纹理特征信息,提出一种多帧加权组合的模板更新策略,对模板特征分布进行自适应更新,基于当前粒子特征信息可信度加权设计了一种自适应特征融合观测模型,并结合到粒子滤波算法中,从而提高了跟踪算法的场景适应能力;实验结果表明;与基于单一特征的算法相比,该算法的适应性更强,能有效跟踪复杂场景下的运动目标.     

多特征融合的鲁棒粒子滤波跟踪算法

为克服基于单一特征的跟踪方法在复杂环境和光照变化下易导致跟踪失败的缺点,提出了一种基于多特征融合的粒子滤波跟踪算法。通过基于HSV的多块颜色直方图来表征目标的总体分布,而方向梯度直方图又包含了一定的结构信息,两者互为补充,将两者融合于粒子滤波的框架中。同时,自适应更新融合权重、模板和噪声分布参数,动态调节粒子数目,在环境干扰较大(如遮挡)时,分配较多的粒子。实验结果表明,算法鲁棒性较高,同时提高了跟踪的精度。     

基于自适应背景的多特征融合目标跟踪

针对基于单一特征的目标跟踪算法,在复杂情形下,很难准确跟踪目标的问题,提出一种基于自适应背景的多特征融合目标跟踪算法。该算法利用颜色和基于灰度共生矩阵纹理特征表征目标,在粒子滤波的框中,通过分析在不同特征下,粒子空间分布、权值分布,以及特征对背景的区分性,提出一种有效的融合系数计算方法; 根据在跟踪过程中目标外观的变化情况,自适应更新目标模板。在不同场景下的实验结果表明:该算法在不降低实时性的前提下,抗背景干扰能力大幅度提高; 在各种场景下,均具有良好的稳定性和鲁棒性。     

特征融合和聚类核函数平滑采样优化的粒子滤波目标跟踪方法

针对复杂场景下的目标跟踪问题,提出了一种改进的粒子滤波目标跟踪方法。利用背景加权后的联合直方图描述目标灰度和梯度特征信息,在粒子滤波算法的框架下,设计了一种自适应特征融合观测模型来适应场景的不断变化;同时针对传统粒子滤波算法存在的粒子退化问题,提出了一种基于聚类核函数平滑采样的方法。理论仿真和实际场景的实验结果表明,该算法适应性更强,精度更高,能有效跟踪复杂场景下的运动目标。     

多特征融合的自适应性粒子滤波跟踪算法

为提高粒子滤波视觉目标跟踪算法的实时性与鲁棒性,提出了一种基于多特征融合的自适应性粒子滤波跟踪算法。该算法利用颜色和结构特征表示目标,将两者融合于粒子滤波的框架中,利用融合后的信息计算粒子的权值,以降低算法受目标形变及复杂环境的影响。同时,根据跟踪预测的准确程度动态计算跟踪所需的粒子数目,对采样粒子集进行自适应调整,以提高粒子质量,降低粒子数量,减少算法运算时间。实验结果表明,所提算法对于每帧图像的平均计算时间相对于传统混合跟踪算法缩短了将近一半,而且算法的鲁棒性较强。     

空间信息码本和粒子滤波相结合目标跟踪算法

针对粒子滤波跟踪过程中容易积累误差引起跟踪失败的问题,提出一种基于空间信息码本背景建模的粒子滤波跟踪算法。首先,在码本背景建模过程中将目标像素码本和周围8邻域像素码本进行融合,克服背景噪声干扰得到精确的前景目标;然后提取前景区域的核函数加权颜色特征作为粒子滤波初始状态先验分布。同时在重采样过程中引入位置信息加权改进。实验结果表明,该算法减少了粒子发散引起的采样误差,且能够在复杂背景下对目标进行有效跟踪,在实时性和准确性上优于标准粒子滤波算法。     

基于纹理和颜色特征的目标跟踪检测算法研究与实现

对运动目标进行跟踪,常采用粒子滤波跟踪算法。本文为了减少相似背景像素点及光照变化对机动目标跟踪的干扰,采用了基于目标纹理特征和颜色特征融合的自适应粒子滤波算法,通过采用了不同的状态转移模型和观测模型,该模型优点在于能够根据不同的实验环境给出相应的实验方案。试验证明,该算法在跟踪的性能和鲁棒性方面的改进。     

综合颜色与梯度方向特征的粒子滤波跟踪

针对标准粒子滤波跟踪在复杂环境和光照变化下的缺陷,提出了融合颜色和梯度方向特征的粒子滤波跟踪算法,以克服单一颜色特征跟踪鲁棒性不高的问题。设计了特征融合的粒子重要性评判模型,使得单纯依靠颜色特征不能很好适应环境变化的情况得到了改善。同时通过目标模式自适应更新模型,提高了算法对复杂变化的自适应能力。实验表明,所提算法能比较可靠地实现复杂场景下的目标跟踪。     

基于颜色和方向梯度特征融合的粒子滤波跟踪算法

提出基于均值偏移的粒子滤波算法。该算法融合了颜色特征和方向梯度特征对人体行为实施跟踪。HSV颜色模型采用带宽自适应的改进策略,有效地实现了对尺度变化目标的跟踪;方向梯度特征的融合,提高了算法在复杂环境中应对光线变化和相似目标遮挡等情况的适应性。针对粒子退化问题,在特征融合的粒子滤波基础上引入具有聚类作用的Mean Shift算法,从而可以用较少数量的粒子达到较好的跟踪效果。仿真实验表明,该算法具有较好的准确性、鲁棒性与实时性。     

Call for Papers The 6^th International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing

Recent years have seen rapid advances in various grid-related technologies, middleware, and applications. The GCC conference has become one of the largest scientific events worldwide in grid and cooperative computing. The 6th international conference on grid and cooperative computing (GCC2007) Sponsored by China Computer Federation (CCF),Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT) and Xinjiang University ,and in Cooperation with IEEE Computer Soceity ,is to be held from August 16 to 18, 2007 in Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

法律信息库系统

本文分析了法律数据库的结构和特点，介绍了采用面向对象设计方法和超文本数据库技术开发和实现法律信息库系统将作为重要网络资源之一为不同用户进行法律咨询服务。     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

International Journal of Automation and Computing Table of Contents

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Information for authors

正SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences(Sci China Inf Sci),cosponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Natural Science Foundation of China,and published by Science China Press,is committed to publishing highquality,original results of both basic and applied research in all areas of information sciences,including computer science and technology;systems science,control science and engineering(published in Issues with odd numbers);information and communication engineering;electronic science and technology(published in Issues with even numbers).Sci China Inf Sci is published monthly in both print and electronic forms.It is indexed by Academic OneFile,Astrophysics Data System(ADS),CSA,Cabells,Current Contents/Engineering,Computing and Technology,DBLP,Digital Mathematics Registry,Earthquake Engineering Abstracts,Engineering Index,Engineered Materials Abstracts,Gale,Google,INSPEC,Journal Citation Reports/Science Edition,Mathematical Reviews,OCLC,ProQuest,SCOPUS,Science Citation Index Expanded,Summon by Serial Solutions,VINITI,Zentralblatt MATH.     

Erratum to: Fast global kernel fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm for consonant/vowel segmentation of speech signal

正Erratum to:J Zhejiang Univ-Sci C(ComputElectron)2014 15(7):551-563doi:10.1631/jzus.C1300320The original version of this article unfortunately contained mistakes.Algorithm 6 should be as follows:Algorithm 6 FGKFCM-F clustering Input:(1)X={x_1,x_2,…,x_N},,x_iR~d,i=1,2,…,N,the dataset;(2)C,1C≤N,the number of clusters;(3)ε0,the stopping criterion;     

Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE C (Computers & Electronics) Total contents

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A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.