Development of a multi-resolution framework for NUBS

The piecewise polynomial B-spline representation is a flexible tool in Computer Aided Geometric Design (CAGD) for representing and designing the geometric objects. In the field of Computer Graphics (CG), Computer Aided Design (CAD), or Computer Aided Engineering (CAE), a very useful property for a given spline model is to have locally supported basis functions. This allows localized modification of the shape. Unfortunately this property can also become a serious disadvantage when the user wishes to edit the global shape of a complex object. A multi-resolution representation is proposed as a solution to alleviate this problem.In this work, we propose a multi-resolution representation for Non-uniform B-splines (NUBS). The proposed multi-resolution model has three features that it uses control point decimation strategy for decomposing NUBS curves and it is efficient in both time and space utilization. A comparative study of the proposed work is also made with an alternate approach in the literature, which is based upon knot decimation.     

Semi-implicit representations of surfaces in P3, resultants and applications

In this paper we introduce an intermediate representation of surfaces that we call semi-implicit. We give a general definition in the language of projective complex algebraic geometry, and we begin its systematic study with an effective view-point. Our last section will apply this representation to investigate the intersection of two bi-cubic surfaces; these surfaces are widely used in Computer Aided Geometric Design.     

Design of object-oriented database for the definition of machining operation sequences of 3D workpieces

This paper describes the activities of Object-Oriented (OO) analysis that were implemented in order to obtain a high part representation level and to give sets of structured and hierarchical data to the Computer Aided Process Planning (CAPP) system. The OO modeling activities were carried out by using the Object-Oriented System Analysis (OOSA) method which allows careful specification of all the information contained inside the system. All the models used by this method have been described in detail to show how the OO database is defined and how it can be used by a generative CAPP system. The feature model proposed is defined by taking all the part information that can be recognized and extracted from the Computer Aided Design (CAD) model into account. The result is the design of an OO database which allows the CAPP system to use manufacturing features to define machining operation sequences of 3D workpieces. The approach proposed is generic enough to integrate any geometrical forms which can be recognized and identified from the CAD system. Hole geometry is taken as an example to show the link between the step of OO analysis and the step of knowledge representation in the Expert System which has been used to generate machining cycles. The OO database presented makes up a real solution of CAD/CAPP/CAM integration by using feature modeling.     

质量约束的三维模型建模方法

在当今的智能制造和工业软件设计领域,CAD和CAE是极为重要的技术.但现有的CAD和CAE模型表示方法不统一,在数据交换上需要耗费大量时间,造成了计算资源极大的浪费.非均匀有理B样条(NURBS)模型作为一种兼容CAD和CAE的模型表达方式,以样条曲线为基函数,无须进行交换即可进行等几何分析.本文提出了一种基于质量约束...     

Database support for solid modeling

Geometric solid modeling plays one of the most important roles in CAE (Computer Aided Engineering) activities. In order that geometric solid modeling functions sufficiently in the CAE environment, an EDBMS (Engineering Database Management System) supporting solid modeling is highly desirable. In this paper we present a new approach to the design of a geometric solid database system. In the proposed approach an EDBMS with capability of object-oriented accessing and manipulation is developed, and a solid sharing model that is a scheme for representing and manipulating a collection of interrelated solids is proposed. The solid sharing model is used as a basis for designing and manipulating a solid database managed by the EDBMS. Also explored is a mechanism for supporting a long transaction which generates many intermediate designs.     

Handling Qualitative Aspects of Human Knowledge in Diagnosis

Knowledge involved in diagnosis of real complex systems comes from human experts and requires appropriate discrete and qualitative representation. The large amount of information resulted is difficult to be managed and prepared to enter the diagnosis system without the help of an appropriate tool. The paper proposes a knowledge elicitation scheme for multifunctional conductive flow systems under fault diagnosis along with appropriate representation of normative and faulty models. Prototype and instance manifestations get a semi-qualitative representation and symptoms refer to means-end and bond–graph entities in a new approach, suited to human diagnostician’s conceptual view. The Computer Aided Knowledge Elicitation (CAKE) tool proposed copes with knowledge involved in the diagnosis. The case study on knowledge elicitation for fault diagnosis of a hydraulic installation and the conclusions highlight advantages of the present approach.     

Constructive texturing based on hypervolume modeling

The concept of solid texturing is extended in two directions: constructive modeling of space partitions for texturing and modeling of multidimensional textured objects called hypervolumes. A hypervolume is considered as a point set with attributes of both physical (density, temperature, etc.) and photometric (color, transparency, diffuse and specular reflections, etc.) nature. The point set geometry and attributes are modeled independently using real‐valued scalar functions of several variables. Each real‐valued function defining geometry or an attribute is evaluated at the given point by a procedure traversing a constructive tree structure with primitives in the leaves and operations in the nodes of the tree. This approach provides a framework for modeling, texturing and visualization of 3D solids, time‐dependent and multidimensional objects in a completely uniform manner. We introduced a special modeling language and implemented software tools supporting the proposed approach. The concept of constructive hypervolume textures is independent of the geometry representation. We provide examples of textured Frep and BRep objects as illustrations. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Flexible and robust CAD models for design automation

This paper explores novel methodologies for enabling Multidisciplinary Design Optimization (MDO) of complex engineering products. To realize MDO, Knowledge Based Engineering (KBE) is adopted with the aim of achieving design reuse and automation. The aim of the ongoing research at Linköping University is to shift from manual modeling of disposable geometries to Computer Aided Design (CAD) automation by introducing generic high level geometry templates. Instead of repeatedly modeling similar instances of objects, engineers should be able to create more general models that can represent entire classes of objects. The proposed methodology enables utilization of commercial design tools, hence taking industrial feasibility into consideration. The concept of High Level CAD templates (HLCt) will be proposed and discussed as the building blocks of flexible and robust CAD models, which in turn enables high fidelity geometry in the MDO loop. Furthermore, quantification of the terms flexibility and robustness are presented, providing a means to measure the quality of the geometry models. Finally, application examples are presented in which the outlined framework is evaluated. The applications have been chosen from three ongoing research projects aimed at automating the design of transport aircraft, industrial robots, and micro air vehicles.     

高正确率的双语语块对齐算法研究

高质量的自动对齐双语语块,对于机器翻译系统,特别是计算机辅助翻译系统的性能提高有重要作用,而且对于人工翻译以及辞典编纂也都有巨大的应用价值。该文提出基于单词间粘合度与松弛度的语块划分评分方法以及双语语块划分的双向约束算法,使得源语言和目标语言的语块的划分与对齐能相互促进。与传统方法相比,因为无需事先进行双语语块划分,而是在搜索最佳对齐时动态地考察划分效果,故可以减少边界划分错误对对齐结果的影响。该算法获得了远超过传统算法的高正确率。     

Subdivision for Generating Quadrics

Quadrics are of basic importance in Computer Graphics and Computer Aided Design. In this paper,we design a subdivision scheme based on the method suggested by G. Morin and J. Warren to generate conics and quadrics conveniently. Given the control polygon(p     

基于网络本体语言的三维计算机辅助设计主模型相似性计算方法

为了提高三维计算机辅助设计(CAD)模型重用效率,针对当前三维模型检索系统中语义表达不足问题,提出了一种基于网络本体语言(OWL)表示模型语义的相似性计算方法。首先,将三维CAD产品主模型转化成以概念属性特征为基础语义对象的结构化表示模型;然后,从OWL表示模型中提取用于评价两个模型相似性的特征语义信息,构建可量化的相似元集,借助子图同构思想和Tversky算法给出了一种加权相似性计算方法;最后,通过实例验证了所提方法的有效性和可行性。实验的定量评价结果表明,该评价基准从对象本身转为两个对象特性的语义描述,能够客观反映两对比模型的相似程度。     

An automated interface between CAD and CAM

The interface between CAD and CAM is an important phase in CAE (Computer Aided Engineering). There are many systems such as CAPP (Computer Aided Process Planning) that can solve this problem. But CAPP needs recognition of the features of a solid model that result from a complex procedure. This paper describes a new highly efficient method to link CAD and CAM from solid models to machinable models.     

基于教学辅助人员的《计算机辅助设计》课程教学改革

《计算机辅助设计》作为建筑学专业教学大纲中的一门专业基础课,对培养全面发展适应社会及工作岗位要求的建筑学专业学生具有极为重要的作用。少数民族地区高校,语言难题影响到该课程的教学效果,亟需改革。通过对西藏大学工学院建筑学专业《计算机辅助设计》课程为例进行改革探讨,希望找到一种适合西部少数民族地区的有效教学方法。     

A new paradigm based on agents applied to free-hand sketch recognition

Important advances in natural calligraphic interfaces for CAD (Computer Aided Design) applications are being achieved, enabling the development of CAS (Computer Aided Sketching) devices that allow facing up to the conceptual design phase of a product. Recognizers play an important role in this field, allowing the interpretation of the user’s intention, but they still present some important lacks. This paper proposes a new recognition paradigm using an agent-based architecture that does not depend on the drawing sequence and takes context information into account to help decisions. Another improvement is the absence of operation modes, that is, no button is needed to distinguish geometry from symbols or gestures, and also “interspersing” and “overtracing” are accomplished.     

A hierarchical representation for heterogeneous object modeling

A hierarchical representation for heterogeneous object modeling is presented in this paper. To model a heterogeneous object, Boundary representation is used for geometry representation, and a novel Heterogeneous Feature Tree (HFT) structure is proposed to represent the material distributions. HFT structure hierarchically organizes the material variation dependency relationships and is intuitive in modeling different types of material gradations. Based on the HFT structure, a recursive material evaluation algorithm is proposed to dynamically evaluate the material compositions at a specific location. Such a hierarchical representation guarantees complex material gradations and the user's design intent can be intuitively represented. Example heterogeneous objects modeled with this scheme are provided and potential applications are discussed.     

A parallel simulated annealing algorithm based on functional feature tree modeling for 3D engineering layout design

Computation complexity and modeling complexity are primary clog in 3D engineering layout design. In this paper, a parallel simulated annealing based on multiple Markov chains is employed to deal with the computation complexity. The algorithm increases computing efficiency by allocating computation burden to networked computers. To cope with the modeling complexity, machine components and space limitation are modeled by a hierarchical, feature-based modeling method—the functional feature tree modeling method. And multiple complex design constraints can be described by the representation. In order to support whole layout design solving process, a Computer Aided Layout Design System is introduced briefly. This system not only implements the algorithm and the components representation, but also integrates some other subsystems as evaluation system, constrains editor etc. The methods are demonstrated through a real engineering application, a vehicle engine compartment layout design.     

有理曲线的近似隐式化表示

本文首次提出了曲线近似隐式化的概念，给出了求曲线的近似隐式化表示的有效算法，并以实例说明了算法有效性以及研究这一问题的重要意义。