基于多Agent的企业供需网实时决策支持系统

企业供需网业务活动是跨企业并由多个独立的企业实体合作完成的,而每一企业又都占有资源,都具有独立的决策权,这种动态性、分布性特点造成了供需网管理决策的复杂性。应用Agent特性的供需网跨平台的信息系统集成、信息共享在实现系统实时决策,优化协调管理供需网的运作,敏捷适应顾客需求的变化,帮助供需网各企业实体的决策人员做出优化的供需决策起着十分重要的作用。文章提出了一种在Web环境中应用多Agent技术、WWW技术及XML技术的实时决策支持系统体系结构,并通过探讨其多Agent模型、研究分析系统数据交换及供需决策过程,为供需网实现过程优化决策与管理,有效地完成供需网一系列供需任务而提供了一种良好的技术支持。     

基于Bluetooth技术--线数字温/湿度传感器的研究

Bluetooth(蓝牙)技术可实现短距离低功耗无线网络通信.本文提出基于Bluetooth技术的分布式无线网络测控系统的体系结构,并设计了系统的前、后端硬件构成.由此得出Bluetooth传感器的工作原理与功能,重点对Bluetooth温/湿度传感器的电路结构和软件功能及其应用进行了研究和开发.Bluetooth温/湿度传感器由单片机80C51、温/湿度数字传感器模块SH11/15和Bluetooth模块BlueCore01等组成,文中通过对Bluetooth模块BlueCore01和温/湿度数字传感器模块SH11/15的结构特性的分析,对80C51与BlueCore和SH11/15之间接口和通信的软、硬件进行了设计.Bluetooth传感器可实现测控微微网和互联网,扩大和增强了测控应用领域和功能.     

从图像到语言：图像标题生成与描述

图像标题生成与描述的任务是通过计算机将图像自动翻译成自然语言的形式重新表达出来,该研究在人类视觉辅助、智能人机环境开发等领域具有广阔的应用前景,同时也为图像检索、高层视觉语义推理和个性化描述等任务的研究提供支撑。图像数据具有高度非线性和繁杂性,而人类自然语言较为抽象且逻辑严谨,因此让计算机自动地对图像内容进行抽象和总结,具有很大的挑战性。本文对图像简单标题生成与描述任务进行了阐述,分析了基于手工特征的图像简单描述生成方法,并对包括基于全局视觉特征、视觉特征选择与优化以及面向优化策略等基于深度特征的图像简单描述生成方法进行了梳理与总结。针对图像的精细化描述任务,分析了当前主要的图像“密集描述”与结构化描述模型与方法。此外,本文还分析了融合情感信息与个性化表达的图像描述方法。在分析与总结的过程中,指出了当前各类图像标题生成与描述方法存在的不足,提出了下一步可能的研究趋势与解决思路。对该领域常用的MS COCO2014（Microsoft common objects in context）、Flickr30K等数据集进行了详细介绍,对图像简单描述、图像密集描述与段落描述和图像情感描述等代表性模型在数据集上的性能进行了对比分析。由于视觉数据的复杂性与自然语言的抽象性,尤其是融合情感与个性化表达的图像描述任务,在相关特征提取与表征、语义词汇的选择与嵌入、数据集构建及描述评价等方面尚存在大量问题亟待解决。     

基于遥感与GIS的北京市土地利用动态演化模式研究

将土地利用动态变化模型与景观生态学景观格局模型相结合，在1988－2000年北京市遥感数据的基础上，分析了北京市土地利用动态变化模式。研究表明，地形条件对北京市土地利用类型的形成及土寺利用动态变化具有重要影响。在平原地区，农田、城乡居民点及独立工矿用地居于主导地位，土地利用动态变化主要表现为城乡居民点扩展占用耕地及生态退耕。在台地、丘陵和山地地区，林地、草地等自然景观居于主导地位，土地利用动态变化主要表现为生态退耕。北京市土寺利用格局的动态变化表现了城市化、工业化高速发展与退耕还林等生态建设政策实施对土地利用空间格局产生的影响。自然景观增加，景观多样性半加。在自然景观中，林地面积增加，破碎度减小，斑块边界趋于平滑；草地面积减少，趋于破碎。在人文景观中，城镇、农村居民点斑块增大，趋于紧凑，有利于用地节约。农田受到城镇农村居民点扩展及退耕还林政策的双重影响，面积大量减少，破碎度增加。     

铁路超限超重货物装载加固可拓实例推理方法

铁路超限超重货物具有长大、笨重和价值昂贵等特征,装载加固影响因素众多且无法完全量化表达,超限超重货物装载加固决策问题是一个半结构化问题,设计装载加固可拓实例推理技术对提升铁路超限超重货物安全装载水平和运输质量尤为重要。结合铁路超限超重货物特征及其装载加固决策要素,采用可拓基元与实例推理技术,构造超限超重货物装载加固实例推理基础数据与推理规则模块的可拓基元模型,分析装载加固可拓实例属性取值特征,给出局部与全局相似度计算公式,设计超限超重货物装载加固可拓实例推理算法,确定待解实例的解。实例运用表明所给出的可拓实例推理方法可制定出合理安全的装载加固方案,切实有效解决铁路超限超重货物装载加固决策问题。     

Multiple labels associative classification

Building fast and accurate classifiers for large-scale databases is an important task in data mining. There is growing evidence that integrating classification and association rule mining can produce more efficient and accurate classifiers than traditional techniques. In this paper, the problem of producing rules with multiple labels is investigated, and we propose a multi-class, multi-label associative classification approach (MMAC). In addition, four measures are presented in this paper for evaluating the accuracy of classification approaches to a wide range of traditional and multi-label classification problems. Results for 19 different data sets from the UCI data collection and nine hyperheuristic scheduling runs show that the proposed approach is an accurate and effective classification technique, highly competitive and scalable if compared with other traditional and associative classification approaches. Fadi Abdeljaber Thabtah received a B.S. degree in Computer Science from Philadelphia University, Jordan, in 1997 and an M.S. degree in Computer Science from California State University, USA in 2001. From 1996 to 2001, he worked as professional in database programming and administration in United Insurance Ltd. in Amman. In 2002, he started his academic career and joined the Philadelphia University as a lecturer. He is currently a final graduate student at the Department of Computer Science, Bradford University, UK. He has published about seven scientific papers in the areas of data mining and machine learning. His research interests include machine learning, data mining, artificial intelligence and object-oriented databases. Peter Cowling is a Professor of Computing at the University of Bradford. He obtained M.A. and D.Phil. degrees from the University of Oxford. He leads the Modelling Optimisation Scheduling And Intelligent Control (MOSAIC) research centre (http://mosaic.ac), whose main research interests lie in the investigation and development of new modelling, optimisation, control and decision support technologies, which bridge the gap between theory and practice. Applications include production and personnel scheduling, intelligent game agents and data mining. He has published over 40 scientific papers in these areas and is active as a consultant to industry. Yonghong Peng's research areas include machine learning and data mining, and bioinformatics. He has published more than 35 scientific papers in related areas. Dr. Peng is a member of the IEEE and Computer Society, and has been a member of the programme committee of several conferences and workshops. Dr. Peng referees papers for several journals including the IEEE Trans. on Systems, Man and Cybernetics (part C), IEEE Trans. on Evolutionary Computation, Journal of Fuzzy Sets and Systems, Journal of Bioinformatics, and Journal of Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery, and is refereeing papers for several conferences.     

基于InfluxDB的监控设备通用运维管理平台

监控设备大规模安装和应用带来了运维困难的问题.本文研发了一个通用运维管理平台,平台通过前端状态采集装置获取监控设备运行时产生的各种状态信息;平台的运维管理系统汇总、存储状态信息,并提供监控、统计、分析、报警等管理功能以支持运维业务;平台的可视化展示子系统对状态信息进行可视化渲染呈现,为系统运维提供智能化的支持.状态采集装置模块化和冗余设计使得设备具有通用性、可扩展性、高可靠性和易维护性.状态信息具有时序数据特征,运维管理系统使用InfluxDB存储状态信息,大幅度降低了存储空间需求,并保证了数据查询和管理的性能需求.基于InfluxDB的监控设备通用运维管理平台已在多个用户单位安装试用,运行状态良好,具有很好的经济社会效益和推广价值.     

Effects of touchscreen gesture’s type and direction on finger-touch input performance and subjective ratings

Abstract

This study examined how finger-touch input performance (i.e. task completion time, failure status, and error rate) and subjective ratings (i.e. performance and physical demand) are influenced by touchscreen gestures’ type and direction. Twenty participants performed one-touch (i.e. drag and swipe) and two-touch (i.e. pinch and spread) gesture tasks on a tablet, using several major directions (i.e. eight directions for one-touch and four directions for two-touch gestures). The results showed that swipe was approximately 4.5 times faster than drag, but pinch and spread showed no significant difference in task completion time. Dragging and pinching showed more failures or higher error rates compared to swiping and spreading, respectively. One-touch gestures in the horizontal directions were rated to have higher performance and lower physical demand than those in the vertical and diagonal directions. Two-touch gestures in the horizontal directions took the shortest time but caused more failures and higher error rates.

Practitioner Summary: This study provides evidence for the effects of touchscreen gestures’ type and direction on human performance and subjective ratings, which varied depending on the number of fingers used. Designers should arrange related touchscreen components accordingly, to improve touch-finger input performance and reduce user workload.     

Towards exposure limits for working postures and musculoskeletal symptoms – a prospective cohort study

Occupational postures are considered to be an important group of risk factors for musculoskeletal pain. However, the exposure-outcome association is not clear yet. Therefore, we aimed to determine the exposure-outcome association of working postures and musculoskeletal symptoms. Also, we aimed to establish exposure limits for working postures. In a prospective cohort study among 789 workers, intensity, frequency and duration of postures were assessed at baseline using observations. Musculoskeletal pain was assessed cross-sectionally and longitudinally and associations of postures and pain were addressed using logistic regression analyses. Cut-off points were estimated based on ROC-curve analyses. Associations were found for kneeling/crouching and low-back pain, neck flexion and rotation and neck pain, trunk flexion and low-back pain, and arm elevation and neck and shoulder pain. The results provide insight into exposure-outcome relations between working postures and musculoskeletal symptoms as well as evidence-based working posture exposure limits that can be used in future guidelines and risk assessment tools.

Practitioner Summary: Our study gives insight into exposure-outcome associations of working postures and musculoskeletal symptoms (kneeling/crouching and low-back pain, neck flexion/rotation and neck pain, trunk flexion and low-back pain, and arm elevation and neck and shoulder pain). Results furthermore deliver evidence-based postural exposure limits that can be used in guidelines and risk assessments.     

基于视觉和语言的跨媒体问答与推理研究综述

基于视觉和语言的跨媒体问答与推理是人工智能领域的研究热点之一,其目的是基于给定的视觉内容和相关问题,模型能够返回正确的答案。随着深度学习的飞速发展及其在计算机视觉和自然语言处理领域的广泛应用,基于视觉和语言的跨媒体问答与推理也取得了较快的发展。文中首先系统地梳理了当前基于视觉和语言的跨媒体问答与推理的相关工作,具体介绍了基于图像的视觉问答与推理、基于视频的视觉问答与推理以及基于视觉常识推理模型与算法的研究进展,并将基于图像的视觉问答与推理细分为基于多模态融合、基于注意力机制和基于推理3类,将基于视觉常识推理细分为基于推理和基于预训练2类;然后总结了目前常用的问答与推理数据集,以及代表性的问答与推理模型在这些数据集上的实验结果;最后展望了基于视觉和语言的跨媒体问答与推理的未来发展方向。     

VPN技术的强健性研究

VPN技术是目前网络安全的重要组成部分,因其保密性强、管理成本低等特点,在企事业LAN、电子商务、电子政务等网络中被广泛使用。其设计包含加解密算法、隧道技术、密钥管理、身份认证等技术,技术涉及到的各种加密方法和管理协议较多,比较复杂。不同的设计和配置效果差异较大。分剐对VPN各个技术层面进行解析,对建立强健稳定的VPN技术进行研究．提出解决方案。     

多媒体网络教学系统的设计与实现

网络教学系统是一种新的教学系统,它的出现改变了传统教学方式,能提高教学效率和学生参加教学活动的积极性。该系统结合教学系统的客户机／服务器以及浏览器,服务器这两种模式各自的优点提出了两者相结合的教学系统结构模式,并介绍了多媒体数据库的设计。在此基础上给出了一种全新的基于多媒体数据库技术实现网络教学系统的设计方法和实现结果。系统利用Visual Basic6．0和Informix Web DataBlade作为主要开发工具进行设计开发。在系统的设计过程中,充分考虑了多媒体数据库的特点,使用了大量的图形、图像和动画,人机交互界面友好,操作简单,功能先进。     

网络化智能测控技术分析与展望

计算机网络、自动控制、分布式人工智能等理论和技术的融合促进了网络化智能测控技术的产生,网络化智能测控技术的发展和广泛应用正改变着人们的生产和生活方式,也引起了相关技术和理论的变革。本文围绕工业现场测控网络、远程智能测控、网络化分布式智能测控等技术中的国内外研究热点问题,阐述了其发展现状及技术特点,分析了其关键技术及发展趋势。     

Organization-based agent-oriented programming: model, mechanisms, and language

An increasing number of social computational systems consist of a great amount of autonomous entities and operate in highly dynamic and unpredictable environments. To construct such systems needs to seek high-level abstraction to manage the complexity of the systems and novel mechanism to support their characteristics, i.e., dynamism and flexibility. Agent-oriented programming (AOP) is considered as a potential paradigm for developing such systems by exhibiting a number of characteristics, such as autonomy, flexibility, social ability, etc. However, current researches on AOP mainly focus on the construction of multi-agent system (MAS) with theory and language facilities inspired from artificial intelligence (AI) and distributed AI, seldom considering and integrating the proven principles and practices of programming and software engineering. Moreover, abstractions and mechanism based on AI are inadequate for developing dynamic and flexible MAS in open environment. This paper proposes a novel AOP approach, namely Oragent, for constructing and implementing dynamic and flexible systems. From a software engineering perspective, Oragent integrates organizational concepts and mechanism into AOP language, and support the dynamism and flexibility with explicit primitives. The proposed approach consists of a programming model and a corresponding programming language. This paper presents the syntax and formal operational semantics of Oragent language, and studies a case to demonstrate our approach.     

The effects of recommendations’ presentation on persuasion and satisfaction in a movie recommender system

The explosive growth of Internet applications and content, during the last decade, has revealed an increasing need for information filtering and recommendation. Most research in the area of recommendation systems has focused on designing and implementing efficient algorithms that provide accurate recommendations. However, the selection of appropriate recommendation content and the presentation of information are equally important in creating successful recommender applications. This paper addresses issues related to the presentation of recommendations in the movies domain. The current work reviews previous research approaches and popular recommender systems, and focuses on user persuasion and satisfaction. In our experiments, we compare different presentation methods in terms of recommendations’ organization in a list (i.e. top N-items list and structured overview) and recommendation modality (i.e. simple text, combination of text and image, and combination of text and video). The most efficient presentation methods, regarding user persuasion and satisfaction, proved to be the “structured overview” and the “text and video” interfaces, while a strong positive correlation was also found between user satisfaction and persuasion in all experimental conditions.     

Human errors and violations in computer and information security: the viewpoint of network administrators and security specialists

This paper describes human errors and violations of end users and network administration in computer and information security. This information is summarized in a conceptual framework for examining the human and organizational factors contributing to computer and information security. This framework includes human error taxonomies to describe the work conditions that contribute adversely to computer and information security, i.e. to security vulnerabilities and breaches. The issue of human error and violation in computer and information security was explored through a series of 16 interviews with network administrators and security specialists. The interviews were audio taped, transcribed, and analyzed by coding specific themes in a node structure. The result is an expanded framework that classifies types of human error and identifies specific human and organizational factors that contribute to computer and information security. Network administrators tended to view errors created by end users as more intentional than unintentional, while errors created by network administrators as more unintentional than intentional. Organizational factors, such as communication, security culture, policy, and organizational structure, were the most frequently cited factors associated with computer and information security.     

Java语言中抽象类和接口的应用探究

接口和抽象类在使用上比较类似,但是对于其选择却又往往反映出对于问题领域中的概念本质的理解。首先对抽象类和接口的使用提出疑问,接着介绍了抽象类、接口的概念并进行理解说明和举例,最后对抽象类与接口的区别和联系进行比较和分析,对其使用的异同点进行总结,以便读者设计出更加高效、强大的了Java程序。     

Indexing and Retrieval of Audio: A Survey

With more and more audio being captured and stored, there is a growing need for automatic audio indexing and retrieval techniques that can retrieve relevant audio pieces quickly on demand. This paper provides a comprehensive survey of audio indexing and retrieval techniques. We first describe main audio characteristics and features and discuss techniques for classifying audio into speech and music based on these features. Indexing and retrieval of speech and music is then described separately. Finally, significance of audio in multimedia indexing and retrieval is discussed.     

应用Struts框架开发备件管理系统的研究

以JSP为中心的常见开发方法存在着HTML与Java强耦合，表示逻辑与业务逻辑混淆等缺点。而基于MVC思想的Struts框架，实现了界面表示与业务逻辑的分离。文中阐述了Struts框架下Controller，Model，View等3个功能模块之间的内在联系和处理流程，同时结合组件技术，给出了多层结构的备件管理系统的设计与实现。在这种设计下有效地分离了显示逻辑、应用逻辑和处理逻辑。各层之间通过接口相互访问．减轻了开发人员的负担和要求．提高了代码的可复用性和灵活性。