发射分集MC-CDMA系统空时多用户检测

该文研究了在频率选择性瑞利衰落信道中的同步多载波码分多址(MC-CDMA)系统上行链路,在移动终端处使用两个发射天线,采用基于空时分组码的发射分集,基站采用分集天线接收。考虑对应于子载波的衰落系数是信道冲激响应的离散傅里叶变换,给出了采用发射分集和接收分集的MC-CDMA系统上行链路信号模型。研究了采用发射分集和接收分集的MC-CDMA系统的解相关多用户检测、最小均方误差(MMSE)多用户检测,进行联合的多用户检测和空时码解码。仿真结果验证了上述模型及算法的有效性。     

MC-CDMA系统中基于QR分解的多址干扰消除算法

多址干扰是导致MC-CDMA系统误码性能下降的重要因素。为了消除多址干扰,提出基于接收信号功率排序和QR分解的多址干扰消除算法（Power-based MMSE Sorted QR Decomposition,P-based MMSE-SQRD）对MC-CDMA系统的上行链路进行检测。仿真结果显示,与传统的串行干扰消除算法相比,P-based MMSE-SQRD的误码性能有明显的提高,而且其复杂度也相对较低。     

基于卡尔曼滤波的线性共轭半盲多用户检测

考虑实际的多载波CDMA（MC-CDMA）上行链路系统,深入研究了基于卡尔曼滤波的盲自适应多用户检测和线性共轭多用户检测,提出MC-CDMA系统下一种基于自适应卡尔曼滤波的线性共轭半盲多用户检测算法。该算法利用小区内所有用户的扩频码和伪自相关矩阵的信息设计了一种基于平均输出能量（MOE）准则的线性共轭半盲检测器,结合修正的PASTd算法和卡尔曼滤波算法自适应得到MOE权向量。仿真实验验证了所提算法的有效性,与卡尔曼滤波盲自适应算法相比,提出的算法有更好的输出信干比和误码率性能,并保持较低的复杂度。     

基于STBC的MIMO-OFDM系统中自适应调制技术研究

将自适应比特、功率分配(ABPA)应用在基于空时分组编码(STBC)的MIMO-OFDM系统中,能够进一步提高无线链路的性能,而如何在载波间分配比特、功率是个关键问题。文章提出一种基于ABPA-STBC的MIMO-OFDM系统模型,即根据STBC-MI-MO-OFDM系统的特点,在此系统中采用优化目标为最小化误码率的Fischer算法引入自适应调制技术。仿真结果表明,所提出的系统模型和一般的MIMO-OFDM系统相比可获得更好的误码性能。     

分布式MIMO抗时延算法

在分布式的多输入多输出(MIMO)系统中,由于天线分开配置,并不能保证所有天线的信号同时到达目的节点,这样对于采用空时分组码STBC编码的系统来说,系统的正交性不能保证,严重影响了系统的性能。设计了一种对抗天线之间相对时延的算法,该算法通过对数据进行IFFT/FFT处理和加循环前缀的处理,使得系统具有了一定的对抗天线间相对时延的能力。仿真表明:在时延小于循环前缀长度的条件下,STBC可以正确译码,性能与理想同步情况下几乎一致。     

MC-CDMA系统中的自适应半盲多用户检测算法

研究多载波CDMA(MC-CDMA)上行半盲多用户检测技术，对基于Chebyshev逼近算法实现的最小输出能量(MOE)盲多用户检测进行改进，提出MC-CDMA系统下一种基于子空间跟踪和Chebyshev逼近的自适应半盲多用户检测算法。该算法基于MOE线性检测器原理，充分利用小区内所有用户的扩频码，设计了一种基于MOE准则的半盲检测器，很好地消除了多址干扰。为了减少计算复杂度，将修正的PASTd算法应用于Chebyshev逼近算法估计MOE半盲检测器的最优权向量。该算法计算复杂度低，具有较好的抗多址干扰性能和检测性能。仿真结果验证了该算法的可行性和优越性。     

相关信道下基于多用户STBC-OFDM系统的子载波分配研究

针对多用户空时分组码-正交频分复用(STBC-OFDM)下行链路系统,以总发射功率最小化为优化目标,给出一种在空间相关瑞利衰落信道下基于部分信道状态信息(CSI)的自适应子载波分配算法。该算法利用克罗内克(Kronecker)模型表示每个子载波对应的空间相关多输入多输出(MIMO)瑞利衰落信道,并通过动态发射端的信道状态信息(CSIT)模型来描述CSI的反馈过程,从而应用STBC的基本原理推导出相应的子载波分配原则。实验结果表明,该算法不仅能有效地反映天线相关矩阵中相关系数以及延时反馈参数对系统性能的影响,而且与未利用CSIT模型的子载波分配相比具有较好的性能。     

WCDMA系统中的差分最小均方误差多用户检测算法

宽带码分多址(Wideband code division multiple access,WCDMA)系统中现有的自适应多用户检测算法需要训练比特,不能适应快衰落信道。本文根据WCDMA系统中特有的二级扩频体制的特点,提出基于差分最小均方误差(Differential minimum mean square error,DMMSE)准则的自适应多用户检测算法。该算法根据相邻接收符号幅度变化的比率变化自适应调整横向滤波器的权系数,从而不需要通过训练比特开销跟踪信道状态信息的方式来抑制多址干扰。仿真结果表明,在存在多普勒频移的传播环境下,DMMSE算法的误码性能优于现有的自适应最小均方误差(Minimum mean square error,MMSE)算法。     

基于STBC的MIMO-OFDM系统误码性能仿真分析

基于STBC方案,针对MIMO-OFDM系统中小区间干扰问题,研究分析了STBC-MIMO-OFDM系统模型的抑制干扰性能。在假定信道产生的衰落是准静态,并且信道衰落参数对于接收端是已知的条件下,采用不同调制方式和不同数目的收发天线,仿真对比分析了该系统模型接收端采用最大似然检测法时的系统误码性能。仿真对比表明:综合考虑对传输速率和误码性能的要求,调制方式适宜采用QPSK;在抑制干扰性能上,当信噪比较大时,采用3发2收的STBC-MIMO-OFDM系统优于采用2发2收的STBC-MIMO-OFDM系统。     

基于LTE系统的VoIP自适应调度算法

提出一种基于LTE系统的VoIP服务的自适应上行调度算法,该算法采用自适应多速率语音编码器,利用传统MAC通用报头中的2个比特将语音编码的模式告知eNB,eNB根据UE的语音状态转换和语音编码速率动态分配上行链路资源。从系统容量、吞吐量和时延方面对比分析该算法和传统算法的性能。理论分析和仿真结果表明,在时延满足要求的前提下,该算法比传统算法具有更高的系统容量和吞吐量。     

Performance analysis of uplink MIMO MC-CDMA systems based on linear zero-forcing V-BLAST algorithm

A structure was proposed for multiple-input-multiple-output multicarrier code divi- sion multiple access （MIMO MC-CDMA） uplink transmission system. Linear zero- forcing V-BLAST （ZF V-BLAST） algorithm and maximum ratio combining （MRC） scheme was applied to the receivers. The average bit error rate （BER） expression was derived on condition that the number of receive antennas was larger than that of transmit antennas and it was verified by simulations. Numerical results show that the number of transmit and receive antennas, as well as the number of sub- carriers, all exert significant effects on the BER performance. The space diversity and frequency diversity show different abilities to improve the BER performance. The MIMO MC-CDMA system based on linear ZF V-BLAST algorithm is capable of achieving better BER performance than that of the conventional MC-CDMA system by reducing the number of transmit antennas or increasing the number of receive antennas.     

Adaptive minimum bit error rate beamforming assisted receiver for QPSK wireless communication

This paper considers interference limited communication systems where the desired user and interfering users are symbol-synchronized. A novel adaptive beamforming technique is proposed for quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) receiver based directly on minimizing the bit error rate. It is demonstrated that the proposed minimum bit error rate (MBER) approach utilizes the system resource (antenna array elements) more intelligently, than the standard minimum mean square error (MMSE) approach. Consequently, an MBER beamforming assisted receiver is capable of providing significant performance gains in terms of a reduced bit error rate over an MMSE beamforming one. A block-data based adaptive implementation of the theoretical MBER beamforming solution is developed based on the classical Parzen window estimate of probability density function. Furthermore, a sample-by-sample adaptive implementation is also considered, and a stochastic gradient algorithm, called the least bit error rate, is derived for the beamforming assisted QPSK receiver.     

凸约束最小误码率线性多用户检测

论文研究了DS-CDMA系统线性多用户检测器的误码率代价函数,证明了最小误码率线性多用户检测器等价于一个约束最优化问题。然后提出了凸约束最小误码率线性多用户检测器,并给出了一个相应的牛顿型迭代算法。仿真结果表明,凸约束最小误码率线性多用户检测器具有良好的性能,而且该算法收敛速度快,稳定性好,易于工程实现。     

Neural network-based adaptive multiuser detection schemes in SDMA–OFDM system for wireless application

Neural network applications in adaptive multiuser detection (MUD) schemes are suggested here in the context of space division multiple access–orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system. In this paper, various neural network (NN) models like feed forward network (FFN), recurrent neural network (RNN) and radial basis function network (RBFN) are adopted for MUD. MUD using NN models outperforms other existing schemes like genetic algorithm--assisted minimum bit error rate (MBER) and minimum mean square error MUDs in terms of BER performance and convergence speed. Among these NN models, the FNN MUD performs efficiently as RNN in full load scenario, where the number of users is equal to number of receiving antennas. In overload scenario, where the number of users is more than the number of receiving antennas, the FNN MUD performs better than RNN MUD. Further, the RBFN MUD provides a significant enhancement in performance over FNN and RNN MUDs under both overload and full load scenarios because of its better classification ability due to Gaussian nonlinearity. Extensive simulation analysis considering Stanford University Interim channel models applied for fixed wireless applications shows improvement in convergence speed and BER performance of the proposed NN-based MUD algorithms.     

Adaptive channel and power allocation of downlink multi-user MC-CDMA systems

The Multi-Carrier Code Division Multiple Access (MC-CDMA) is becoming a very attractive multiple access technique for high-rate data transmission in the future wireless communication systems. This paper is focused on the joint channel and power allocation in the downlink transmission of multi-user MC-CDMA systems and considers the throughput maximization problem as a mixed integer optimization problem. For simple analysis, the problem is divided into two less complex sub-problems: power allocation and channel allocation, which can be solved by a suboptimal Adaptive Power Allocation (APA) algorithm and an optimal Adaptive Channel Allocation (ACA) algorithm, respectively. By combining APA and ACA algorithms, an adaptive channel and power allocation scheme is proposed. The numerical results show that the proposed APA algorithm is more suitable for MC-CDMA systems than the conventional equal power allocation algorithm, and the proposed channel and power allocation scheme can significantly improve the system throughput performance.     

Blind multiuser detection for MC-CDMA with antenna array

We investigate the characteristics of the received signal as trilinear model for multi-carrier code division multiple access (MC-CDMA) system with antenna array, and propose a blind multiuser detection method for MC-CDMA system in this paper. The trilinear-based multiuser detection algorithm (Trilinear-MUDE) that we presented exploits the versatile diversity in MC-CDMA system while require neither channel information nor statistical characteristics. The algorithmic performance indicates that the proposed algorithm is very close to the nonblind MMSE method, and better than minimum output energy (MOE) receiver and matched filter. Numerical results also reveal its compatibility in condition of small sampling sizes.     

大规模MIMO室外无线光通信系统中基于分段高斯近似的最大似然盲检测算法

在室外可见光通信场景下,现有的盲检测算法在近似信道模型时,往往未能与真实信道模型的概率密度函数在截尾处充分拟合,导致在寻找最佳判决门限时存在误差,从而影响系统的平均误符号率性能。因此,针对大规模MIMO(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output)室外无线光通信系统,提出了一种基于分段高斯近似的最大似然盲检测算法。该算法在强大气湍流情况下,得到各个子信道叠加后的等效信道模型服从伽马分布,依据等效信道概率密度函数的唯一极值点确定左右两个分段区间,得到各个子信道在两个分段区间的一阶和二阶统计信息,然后利用中心极限定理和大数定理得到等效信道在两个分段区间都近似服从高斯分布,弥补了等效信道模型与真实信道模型的概率密度函数在截尾处拟合较差的缺点,获得了精确的最佳判决门限,从而改善了系统的平均误符号率性能。为了验证该算法的优越性,通过MATLAB仿真实验将其与现有的盲检测算法进行平均误符号率性能对比。实验数据表明,在收发天线数为4和小信噪比的情况下,所提算法的平均误符号率性能相比现有盲检测算法性能提高近10倍。同时,在接收天线数为8时,所提算法的平均误符号率性能与现有盲检测算法在接收天线数为16时的性能接近,接收天线数是原来的50%。实验数据充分说明,相比于现有的盲检测算法,所提算法在仅利用信道的数学模型和统计信息的情况下,随着收发天线数的增加能够明显提高系统的平均误符号率性能。