开放数控系统模型的建立及实现

在“NC嵌入PC”的开放数控系统结构模型基础上提出了一种经济、高效、可靠的开放式数控系统结构模型。采用TMS320F2812 DSP和FPGA构成开放数控系统的硬件平台,采用WDM和COM技术实现软件开放。此数控系统能实现多种电机的四轴联动的控制。最后通过仿真证明了该数控模型的可行性。     

开放式自动切割机计算机控制系统软件设计

介绍一种玻璃自动切割机开放式计算机控制系统软件设计方法,提出了一种开放结构系统参考模型,将面向对象的系统分析、设计与实现方法应用于本控制系统软件的研制,已成功应用于生产。     

开放式数控系统域建模研究

域工程是解决系统抽象设计的有效手段,本文从这个角度,探讨了开放式数控体系结构的建模方法并对轴控制为例为加以体阐述。     

实时Linux数控系统的研究和应用开发

分析了通用Linux系统到实时Linux的改造,以及它们的体系结构,它们的区别和通用Linux在实时控制中的缺陷,讨论了数控系统的软件体系结构和数控软件的多任务模型,数控软件在实时Linux上的开发。从实时Linux系统软件的理论和应用开发的详细论叙,为实时Linux系统下数控软件的开发和实现提供了很好的参考模型,方法和理论依据。     

开放式数控裁床软件系统的研发

针对发展新型数控电脑裁床的需求,分析了数控电脑裁床控制的特殊性,构建了基于工业PC机,以GD104多轴运动控制卡为核心的开放式数控电脑裁床系统软件体系结构,给出了关键环节的实现技术.并在此基础上开发了基于Windows的数控系统的软件部分,利用面向对象的编程方法,实现了良好的人机操作界面和方便高效的多任务工作环境.     

基于Linux平台的数控虚拟机系统

概述了开放式数控系统,尤其是开放式软数控的发展现状与特点;分析和构建了基于数控虚拟机的开放式数控系统的体系结构,介绍了此系统中的软/硬件结构;在对具有代表性的操作系统进行了研究与比较之后,选择了Linux作为此系统的软件开发平台;最后根据Linux内核的结构特点,重新划分了传统用户模式下运行的数控软件体系,建立了包含实时控制层和数控应用层的双层模型,就其中的关键性技术问题进行了探讨和分析,明晰了该虚拟机在Linux下的具体实现方法.     

基于Linux平台的数控虚拟机系统

概述了开放式数控系统，尤其是开放式软数控的发展现状与特点；分析和构建了基于数控虚拟机的开放式数控系统的体系结构，介绍了此系统中的软／硬件结构；在对具有代表性的操作系统进行了研究与比较之后，选择了Linux作为此系统的软件开发平台；最后根据Linux内核的结构特点，重新划分了传统用户模式下运行的数控软件体系，建立了包含实时控制层和数控应用层的双层模型，就其中的关键性技术问题进行了探讨和分析，明晰了该虚拟机在Linux下的具体实现方法。     

CAXA电子图板的体系结构与核心技术

CAXA电子图板是国产的商品化CAD软件，它具有交互简单，体系开放，功能强大等特点，本文介绍了CAXA电子图板的“软件总线－组件”的体系结构和“集中管理，分散处理”的核心思想，以及相关的应用框架，数据组织与管理，消息处理与流程控制，功能组件管理，界面定制与二次平台等核心技术，最后对未来技术发展进行了展望。     

开放式玻璃自动切割机计算机控制系统设计

介绍了一种玻璃自动切割机开放式计算机控制系统及其设计方法，提出了一种开放结构系统参考模型和相应的硬软件结构。实践表明，该系统在功能、性能和控制精度上达到或接近国外同类产品的先进水平，在系统硬件和软件的开放性上优于国外产品。     

大型过程工业自动化全过程体系结构

本文首先论述了体系结构对大型自动化系统开发的重要意义，接着从生命周期的观点、递阶控制的观点、自控系统组成三要素的观点对体系结构进行了竖向、纵向、横向的分析。并讨论了各类参考模型对支持平台的要求，最后提出了大型过程工业自动化全过程体系结构，该体系结构对“八·五”攻关课题“大型过程工业综合自动化总体技术”具有指导作用。     

A modular-architecture controller for CNC systems based on open-source electronics

Open control architectures regain relevance with the new revolution of open source electronics. This paper presents the general ideas, examples of implementation and latest advances of a new, open architecture controller for CNC systems based on open source electronics. The multiprocessor and distributed architecture of this controller leverages the power of platforms like Arduino or TI Launchpad to realize CNC systems of increased computational resources, closed-loop position of the tool, smoother motions and higher feeds. Additionally, this work demonstrates the first steps in the development of virtual machine as a new software component of the architecture. A “tight binding” between the real and virtual machines will delineate the path for realistic, machine monitoring, remote operation and process planning environment.     

基于实时组件的可重构数控系统研究

针对可重构数控系统存在的行为与定时问题，将调度机制引入基于口的组件，提出一种实时组件模型，并以此为基础建立了层次化多模式的数控系统体系结构。该结构通过层次化有限自动机描述系统的控制行为；通过组件网络刻画系统的定时特性，为分析可重构控制器构形的变化提供了有效的手段。针对2轴控制器的重构过程有效地验证了文中方法的有效性。     

ISP技术和双端RAM在开发高性能运动控制器中的研究

文章针对开发基于工业PC的国产高性能运动控制器,提出了采用ISP技术和双端RAM实现软件升级硬件和双CPU间高速数据交换。该系统结构解决了传统运动控制器执行速度慢,体积大、结构固定,硬件无法实现升级;用户的动态变量无法在线下载的缺点;从开发过程和使用效果来看:该设计有效缩短了开发周期,提高了数控系统硬件的质量,提出了运动控制器的新概念,运行结果表明系统完全达到了设计要求。     

基于CAN总线的新型网络数控系统

在分析了目前国内普通网络数控系统局限性的基础上 ,对基于CAN总线的新型网络数控系统的结构、组成及其特点进行论述 ,并给出该系统的具体实现方法。     

A novel open CNC architecture based on STEP-NC data model and IEC 61499 function blocks

Modern manufacturing industries demand computer numeric controllers, having higher level input languages than outdated G-code, and less proprietary vendor dependencies. IEC 61499 is a new standard for distributed measurement and control systems, that enables portability and interoperability of embedded controllers, along with the ease of their mapping to arbitrary distributed networking hardware configurations. This paper demonstrates that the IEC 61499 reference architecture can be successfully used to create a computer numeric controller, offering interoperability, portability, configurability, and distribution characteristics. The layered CNC-FB architecture is proposed, which simplifies the design of a CNC machine controller with the architecture layers responsible for data processing, data storage and execution. In combination with the object-oriented Model-View-Control design pattern, the CNC-FB architecture supports the design framework, in which simulation of the machining becomes natural and inherent part of the design process, with seamless transition from simulation to actual machining. The implemented controller was tested in both the model and on an actual milling machine.     

Modelling and implementing circular sawblade stone cutting processes in STEP-NC

The paper presents a STEP-NC compliant implementation of circular sawblade stone cutting machining processes. Although some stone machining processes has been already covered in the STEP-NC research and standardization initiatives (as for instance stone machining through stone milling machines), there have not been yet, however, any detailed model proposal to cover circular sawblade stone cutting operations. Sawblade cutting technology for stone parts have several specific parameters with no clear equivalent technologies as defined in milling, turning, etc. The paper reviews main characteristics of the circular sawblade stone cutting machining operations, and proposes a STEP-NC extended model based on the selection and definition of new features and on the modelling of these stone cutting operations. The resulting model is the base for the development of the STEP-NC stone cutting CAM and CNC machine. The machine architecture is designed to be able to react to changes in the machining conditions, very common in this technology. The system is based on the definition of features to be communicated to the controller. The controller has the objective of machining the features, and it is able to re planning, on real time, the work to get them despite changing conditions in the stone or in the disc.     

基于DSP的步进电机多轴控制系统研究

以数控机床为应用背景,针对各轴向定位精度不高的问题,介绍一种自主设计并制作出的基于DSP的步进电机多轴控制系统;该系统以TMS320F2812为控制核心,采用协调控制的方法,实现了三轴向步进电机的单独控制或协调控制,此外每个轴向上还有加减速、细分、电流负反馈和PWM脉宽调制等功能,使得系统对步进电机的控制更加完善;实验结果表明,系统稳定正常运行,能实现多轴向步进电机的集中控制,也能使得各个轴向能以不同速度不同细分数相互协调工作.     

Architecture and implementation of a shop-floor programming system for STEP-compliant CNC

STEP-NC (formalized as ISO 14649 and ISO 10303 AP238) is a new interface (or language) standard for the CAD-CAM-CNC chain, currently under establishment by ISO TC184 SC1 and SC4. Upon completion, it will replace ISO 6983, so called M & G codes used for CNC since 1950s. As the new language is being established, a new CNC controller called STEP-CNC (STEP-compliant CNC), capable of carrying out various intelligent tasks using the new language as an input, receives worldwide attention. Shop-floor programming (SFP) system is a computer-assisted part programming system interfaced with STEP-CNC. Its primary function is to generate part program in ISO 14649 (or STEP AP238) to machine the part geometry given by STEP AP203 or AP224 file. In this paper, we first present an architecture for the SFP system, followed by implementation technology including: (1) STEP physical file interpretation, (2) feature recognition, (3) process planning, (4) part program generation, and (5) verification. The developed methodology was implemented in a prototype called PosSFP, and tested with Korea STEP-NC system.     

An Open CNC System Based on Component Technology

In a conventional CNC system, communications between the motion controller and the analogue servo driver usually take place in a unidirectional manner, i.e., from the controller to the driver. In order to increase the interoperability level between the motion controller and the driver, Fieldbus is used in this research. The digital servo in a Fieldbus-based system enables applications with all servo loops closed. Functions that have been traditionally executed by the motion controller can now be shifted to the driver. In this research, the traditional CNC system has been redesigned based on the component technology. Following the analysis of the architecture of a traditional CNC and the features of a Fieldbus, component models have been developed for the motion controller and the driver. This Fieldbus-based CNC system gives the much-needed interoperability between the motion controller and the driver. A comparative experiment based on a four-axis CNC system has been carried out to showcase the component model-based system.