结合用户聚类和项目类型的协同过滤算法

为了解决协同过滤算法中数据稀疏性问题,提高推荐效果,提出一种改进的协同过滤算法.该算法首先通过一种新的相似度计算方法来计算项目类型相似度,将相似度大于某阈值的项目作为目标项目的邻居;然后根据目标用户对邻居项目的评分信息来预测该用户对目标项目的评分值,并将预测值填入稀疏的用户项目评分矩阵;最后对填充后的评分矩阵采用基于用户聚类（K-means聚类）的协同过滤算法做出最终的预测评分进行推荐.在Movielens数据集上进行实验验证,结果表明该算法能够很好地缓解数据稀疏性、降低计算复杂度,提高推荐精度.     

一种优化聚类的协同过滤推荐算法

针对传统的协同过滤推荐算法存在评分数据稀疏和推荐准确率偏低的问题,提出了一种优化聚类的协同过滤推荐算法。根据用户的评分差异对原始评分矩阵进行预处理,再将得到的用户项目评分矩阵以及项目类型矩阵构造用户类别偏好矩阵,更好反映用户的兴趣偏好,缓解数据的稀疏性。在该矩阵上利用花朵授粉优化的模糊聚类算法对用户聚类,增强用户的聚类效果,并将项目偏好信息的相似度与项目评分矩阵的相似度进行加权求和,得到多个最近邻居。融合时间因素对目标用户进行项目评分预测,改善用户兴趣变化对推荐效果的影响。通过在MovieLens 100k数据集上实验结果表明,提出的算法缓解了数据的稀疏性问题,提高了推荐的准确性。     

基于项目分类的协同过滤改进算法*

为了解决用户评分数据稀疏性和用户最近邻寻找的准确性问题,提出了一种基于项目分类的协同过滤推荐改进算法。该算法首先利用项目分类信息为类内未评分项目预测评分值;然后通过计算类内用户间的相似度得到目标用户的最近邻居;最后进行推荐。实验结果表明,该算法可以准确地获取用户兴趣最近邻,有效地解决数据稀疏性问题;同时,该算法还极大地提高了系统的工作效率及可扩展性。     

一种基于项目属性评分的协同过滤推荐算法

协同过滤是电子商务推荐系统中应用最成功的推荐技术之一,但面临着严峻的用户评分数据稀疏性和推荐精度低等问题。针对数据稀疏性高和单一评分导致的推荐精度低等问题,提出一种基于项目属性评分的协同过滤推荐算法。首先通过均值法或缩放法构造用户-项目属性评分矩阵将单一评分转化为多评分;其次基于每个属性评分矩阵,计算用户间的偏好相似度,得到目标用户的偏好最近邻居集;然后针对每个最近邻居集,在用户-项目评分矩阵上完成对目标用户的初步评分预测;最后,将多个初步预测评分加权求和作为综合评分,完成推荐。在Movie Lens扩展数据集上的实验结果表明,该算法能有效提高推荐精度。     

基于项目聚类和评分的时间加权协同过滤算法

针对传统协同过滤算法中面临稀疏项目评分矩阵计算耗时不准确、同等对待不同时间段用户的项目评分这些影响推荐精度的问题,提出了基于项目聚类和评分的时间加权协同过滤推荐算法(TCF).该算法将项目评分与项目属性特征综合相似度高的聚到一个类别里,能有效解决数据稀疏性问题,降低生成最近邻居集合时间.引入时间加权函数赋予项目评分按时间递减的权重,根据加权后的评分寻找目标用户的最近邻居集合.实验从平均绝对误差、平均排序分和命中率三个指标来表明改进算法能有效提高推荐的准确性.     

基于相似度优化和流形学习的协同过滤算法改进研究

协同过滤算法中存在着数据稀疏性和可扩展性问题,由于用户和项目数据量巨大致使数据十分稀疏,且不同数据集中数据存在差异,致使现有算法中的相似度计算不够准确和用户聚类效果不佳,对推荐算法准确率产生了显著影响。为了提高相似度计算和最近邻居搜索的准确率,提出了一种基于相似度优化和流形学习的协同过滤算法。通过加权因子优化相似度计算,结合流形学习对稀疏的用户评分数降维后进行谱聚类,通过获得的全局最优解提高聚类所得目标用户最近邻居的准确率,进而提高协同过滤推荐精度。在Epinions数据集和MovieLens数据集上进行实验,结果表明,提出的算法可以有效降低协同过滤算法的平均绝对误差和均方根误差,提高召回率,拥有更高的推荐准确率。     

基于单分类的协同过滤推荐算法

随着电子商务推荐系统中用户和商品数目的增加,用户商品评分数据集的稀疏性会导致协同过滤推荐算法的推荐质量下降.针对该问题,提出一种基于单分类的协同过滤推荐算法.根据目标用户评分商品对应的类别,选择候选最近邻居集,采用单分类预测用户对商品的评分,以减小目标用户与候选最近邻居所形成的数据集稀疏性.实验结果表明,该算法能提高寻...     

基于改进最近邻的协同过滤推荐算法

针对当前协同过滤推荐算法易受数据稀疏性与冷启动的问题,提出了一种改进最近邻的协同过滤推荐算法。建立用户-项目评分矩阵,并度量项目之间、用户之间的相似性,获取项目和用户的最近邻居,其中最近邻居的最优参数k值采用粒子群算法选择,在MovieLens和Book-Crossing数据集上进行了仿真对比实验。结果表明,相对于其他协同过滤推荐算法,该算法降低了平均绝对误差值,提升了推荐准确度,达到提高推荐质量效果的目的。     

基于商品属性值和用户特征的协同过滤推荐算法

为了提高用户相似度计算精度和推荐准确性,缓解数据稀疏性,提出一种基于商品属性值和用户特征的协同过滤推荐算法。该算法首先从用户对商品属性值的偏好出发,计算用户对商品属性值的评分分布和评分期望值,得到用户-属性值评分矩阵;同时利用数据相似性度量方法寻找用户特征邻居,填充用户-属性值评分稀疏矩阵,进而得出目标用户偏好的最近邻居集;计算用户对未评属性值的评分,将目标用户对商品所有属性值评分的均值进行排序,形成该用户的Top-N推荐列表。采用Movie Lens和Book Crossing数据集进行实验,结果表明该算法在缓解数据稀疏性问题上效果较好,推荐精度显著提高。     

基于标签优化的协同过滤推荐算法

传统基于用户的协同过滤推荐算法在计算用户之间的相似度时只考虑了用户的评分,而忽略了不同项目之间的差异。针对传统方法在数据稀疏情况下表现不理想的缺点,提出了结合项目标签信息针对每个目标项为用户选择邻居的协同过滤推荐算法。算法首先基于用户评分矩阵确定最初的近邻,为每个目标项计算目标用户的邻居;当对目标项目评分的近邻数量极小或没有时,则考虑增加由标签信息拓展的近邻;最后根据近邻为目标项目预测评分。实验结果表明,该算法提高了相似性计算的准确性,有效地缓解了用户评分数据稀疏的问题,并提高了预测的准确性。     

Call for Papers The 6^th International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing

Recent years have seen rapid advances in various grid-related technologies, middleware, and applications. The GCC conference has become one of the largest scientific events worldwide in grid and cooperative computing. The 6th international conference on grid and cooperative computing (GCC2007) Sponsored by China Computer Federation (CCF),Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT) and Xinjiang University ,and in Cooperation with IEEE Computer Soceity ,is to be held from August 16 to 18, 2007 in Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

法律信息库系统

本文分析了法律数据库的结构和特点，介绍了采用面向对象设计方法和超文本数据库技术开发和实现法律信息库系统将作为重要网络资源之一为不同用户进行法律咨询服务。     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

International Journal of Automation and Computing Table of Contents

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Information for authors

正SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences(Sci China Inf Sci),cosponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Natural Science Foundation of China,and published by Science China Press,is committed to publishing highquality,original results of both basic and applied research in all areas of information sciences,including computer science and technology;systems science,control science and engineering(published in Issues with odd numbers);information and communication engineering;electronic science and technology(published in Issues with even numbers).Sci China Inf Sci is published monthly in both print and electronic forms.It is indexed by Academic OneFile,Astrophysics Data System(ADS),CSA,Cabells,Current Contents/Engineering,Computing and Technology,DBLP,Digital Mathematics Registry,Earthquake Engineering Abstracts,Engineering Index,Engineered Materials Abstracts,Gale,Google,INSPEC,Journal Citation Reports/Science Edition,Mathematical Reviews,OCLC,ProQuest,SCOPUS,Science Citation Index Expanded,Summon by Serial Solutions,VINITI,Zentralblatt MATH.     

Erratum to: Fast global kernel fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm for consonant/vowel segmentation of speech signal

正Erratum to:J Zhejiang Univ-Sci C(ComputElectron)2014 15(7):551-563doi:10.1631/jzus.C1300320The original version of this article unfortunately contained mistakes.Algorithm 6 should be as follows:Algorithm 6 FGKFCM-F clustering Input:(1)X={x_1,x_2,…,x_N},,x_iR~d,i=1,2,…,N,the dataset;(2)C,1C≤N,the number of clusters;(3)ε0,the stopping criterion;     

Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE C (Computers & Electronics) Total contents

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A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.