反向调试技术研究综述

在软件的开发测试部署过程中,调试工作耗费了开发人员非常多的精力和时间,有时一个很难被发现的错误会导致多次重启调试。反向调试是软件调试的一种技术,无需重启即可向后查看运行的指令及状态,这能够大大提高软件调试的速度,降低软件开发的难度,有效修复程序运行时发生的错误。该技术的核心问题是运行状态的恢复,目前针对该问题的解决方法主要有状态保存和状态重构。文中主要从反向调试的原理、学术研究、产品实现、技术应用等方面梳理其发展情况,对该技术进行分析研究,总结了基于时间和基于指令的状态保存反向调试技术以及两种反向执行重构状态的方法,并提出了有关记录重放程序执行、定位分析软件错误、反向数据流恢复这3方面的应用,可为反向调试技术的研究应用提供一定的参考。     

测控软件系统检测技术研究

随着计算机测控系统复杂程序和性能的提高,其面向的应用越来越复杂,软件设计技术和编码技术很难跟上硬件技术的发展和应用需求的快速拓展,开发具有可靠性和容错性的软件是很困难的.软件检错技术包括调试时的软件探测技术和正常运行时的监测技术,这样能够缩短调试时间,对软件错误进行实时监控和定位,可以用较少的代价解决软件代码的故障问题.     

可复用微处理器片上调试功能的设计与实现

为了方便软件与应用系统的开发与调试,提出一种可复用的微处理器片上调试方法.通过设计通用的调试指令集和增加调试模块,并扩展处理器内核功能,实现了断点设置与取消、内核运行的流水级精确控制、内核资源访问、任意程序段运行中特殊事件的统计等片上调试功能.该方法已在自主研发的SuperV_EF01 DSP上实现.在CMOS 90 nm 工艺下的综合结果表明,新增的片上调试功能不影响SuperV_EF01 DSP的关键路径时序,而芯片总面积仅增加了3.87％.     

基于arm的嵌入式Linux内核调试技术

嵌入式Linux的开发和应用越来越广泛,其中一个重要环节就是Linux内核的调试.Kgdb是一种插桩式、纯软件的嵌入式Linux的内核调试工具,主要应用于i386体系结构中.分析了kgdb的原理和它的实现过程,并在目前使用比较广泛的arm板上对kgdb进行了移植,主要包括串口驱动,陷阱处理和调试命令的移植3个部分.     

风河公司首次推出支持Intel IOP342处理器的多内核片上调试技术

全球领先的设备软件优化（DSO）厂商风河系统公司日前推出了全新的支持IntelIOP342处理器的多内核片上调试解决方案——Wind River Workbench片上调试工具。该工具运用了一种高性能的JTAG解决方案，不但能够完成硬件调试，还可以实现一个或多个跨多内核运行的不同操作系统之间的复杂交互调试，从而极大地缩短用户的“调试-编译-编码”周期。风河公司还将进一步完善这一业界领先的多内核片上调试工具，使客户能够更充分利用Intel IOP 342处理器下各种设备软件应用的强大功能，更快地完成新硬件产品的开发。     

一种基于应用开发平台的内核调试环境

分析了现有操作系统内核调试方法的优缺点。为简化内核开发过程,提出了一种使用应用开发工具调试操作系统内核的新方法,并构造了相应的内核调试框架。研究了在应用开发环境中调试内核的关键技术,包括中断模拟、异常处理、多道程序执行环境的建立等。     

基于计算解语义的逻辑程序测试和调试框架

逻辑程序开发过程中需要花费大量的时间用以程序调试,原因之一是调试通常包含大量的用户交互.减少对调试过程不必要的调用能够提高软件开发的效率.程序测试中得到的由同一个错误引发的多个症状是引发对调试过程不必要调用的因素之一.给出了一种逻辑程序测试和调试框架,其中测试用例的生成、症状的发现和调试(包括诊断和改错)交叉进行,由同一个错误引发的症状只有一个可引发调试过程执行,并以此方式避免了对调试过程不必要的调用.然后,利用一种基于约束的Prolog计算解语义,该框架被实例化为一种Prolog程序的测试和调试算法,本实例表明了该算法的应用.     

操作系统内核程序函数执行上下文的自动检验

函数执行上下文正确性是操作系统内核程序最容易违反且难以检查的正确性性质.应用传统的技术检查该类错误都有一定的困难和局限性.提出一个验证函数执行上下文正确性的框架PRPF,详细描述了其建模过程和相关算法.PRPF相比传统技术的优势有:直接检查源代码、无须编写形式化的验证规约、较低的时空运行开销、良好的可扩展性等等.该技术已应用在Linux内核2.4.20的网络设备驱动程序检查中.应用表明,PRPF能够自动探测程序中所有执行路径,有效地检查函数执行上下文的正确性.实验发现了Linux内核的23处编程错误,另有     

基于ARM的Linux驱动调试技术研究

在ARM上进行Linux驱动移植时,要对Linux内核代码进行修改、删减或添加,但这样做在运行时可能会遇到很多意想不到的错误,这时就需要去调试代码以找到出错的原因和位置。针对这一需要,提出并实现两种新的调试技术:第一种构造一个打印函数,把添加的打印信息单独存储,然后借助proc文件系统将其输出,实现了外加打印信息与内核自身打印信息的分离,使查找更加方便;其次利用系统时钟中断永不停息的特性确定系统僵死的位置。通过实验表明,该技术能快速有效地找到死循环的位置,省去了大量查找和分析代码的工作。     

基于契约式设计的CORBA异常机制测试方法研究

复杂的 CORBA异常机制成为 CORBA软件错误的主要来源地之一 .此类错误不易于发现、复现、调试 ,因而成为测试的难点 .分析此类错误的逻辑特性 ,扩展契约式设计思想使之适用于异常机制 ,并以此为基础给出了一种针对CORBA异常错误的软件测试方法     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate