演绎数据库中的语义查询优化方法

语义查询优化的目的是使用语义知识来进行有效的查询，以提高查询效率，通过语义编译和语义转换，把一个查询转换成一个或多个更为有效的等价查询。本文介绍在演绎数据库中语义查询优化方法。     

多数据库系统中的全局查询转换方法研究

使用查询树作为查询转换的内部表示,通过使用多数据库规范树对全局查询树进行规范化处理,并给出了相应的转换规则。最后给出了多数据库查询转换算法,并对查询转换的等价性进行了分析。     

SQL Server查询优化器原理与优化实例分析

查询是数据库的核心操作,随着数据库技术的发展以及数据量急剧增加,对查询性能的要求越来越高,查询优化成为数据库管理系统亟待解决的重要问题。文中针对应用最广泛的SQL Server数据库的查询优化器进行研究。通过图形研究查询优化器的工作原理,并深入分析提交SQL语句、解析、代数化、查询优化、编译、执行、结果等查询优化器的工作步骤;进行实例分析,运用图形表示了逻辑树和经过优化后得到的查询执行计划。结果表明,SQL语句是查询优化的基础,实际应用时需要写出符合查询优化器规则的SQL语句     

SQL Server查询优化器原理与优化实例分析

查询是数据库的核心操作,随着数据库技术的发展以及数据量急剧增加,对查询性能的要求越来越高,查询优化成为数据库管理系统亟待解决的重要问题。文中针对应用最广泛的SQL Server数据库的查询优化器进行研究。通过图形研究查询优化器的工作原理,并深人分析提交SQL语句、解析、代数化、查询优化、编译、执行、结果等查询优化器的工作步骤;进行实例分析,运用图形表示了逻辑树和经过优化后得到的查询执行计划。结果表明,SQL语句是查询优化的基础,实际应用时需要写出符合查询优化器规则的SQL语句。     

数据挖掘提取查询树特征的SQL注入攻击检测

针对Web应用中数据库信息容易遭受SQL注入攻击的问题,提出一种基于数据挖掘技术的SQL注入攻击检测方法,其核心在于查询树特征的提取和转换。首先,在SQL数据库日志中收集内部查询树;然后,提取查询树中的语义和语法特征,并通过利用多维序列作为中间表示将查询树特征转换为一个n维字符特征向量;再后,根据查询树类型,利用不同的统计模型将字符特征向量转换成n维数值特征向量;最后,根据这些特征,利用多项式核函数SVM对其进行分类,从而实现SQL攻击检测。实验结果表明,相比其他几种较新的方案,提出的方案有效提高了SQL攻击的正确检测率。     

查询树的启发式优化研究

描述了查询树的启发式优化方法,优化了文献[1]中的查询树,并分析了查询树的执行代价。     

查询树的启发式优化研究

描述了查询树的启发式优化方法,优化了文献[1]中的查询树,并分析了查询树的执行代价.     

基于分布式操作系统的数据灾备与拓扑连接挖掘方法

在传统的分布式操作系统灾备处理过程的基础上,结合已有分布式跨边界片段连接优化方法,提出基于空间片段拓扑连接优化的关系代数转换原则,通过利用等价转换规则,进一步简化经过数据本地化处理后的查询树。然后引入连接归并树和执行计划树等概念,并利用相应归并和优化算法将全局空间查询转化为各个场地局部空间数据库的具体执行计划。     

存在完整性约束时最小化树模式查询的算法

树模式是查询树型结构数据如XML和LDAP的天然模型。在一个给定的数据库上进行查询，查询的效率很大程度上依赖于查询的大小。因此，在查询前删除查询中的冗余分支，使查询最小化是非常重要的。在树型结构数据库中，存在孩子必需、后代必需和子类3种完整性约束是十分普遍的。针对存在这3种完整性约束的情况，基于扩展的模拟概念提出了一种复杂度为O（n^2）的最小化树模式查询算法（n为树模式查询的节点数）。分析结果表明这个算法的效率要远高于同类算法。     

数据库查询优化技术的历史、现状与未来

传统的查询树优化方法,即基于左线性树、右线性树、浓密树、操作森林的并行数据库查询优化方法,各有优劣,对其的研究比较深入、成熟;基于多重加权树的查询优化方法,研究了其并行查询计划模型、并行查询计划的复杂性模型和查询优化算法;语义查询优化方法将一个查询变换成一个或数个语义等价的查询,进而寻找并执行这些等价查询中具有较好实现策略的一个;基于Agent的并行数据库查询优化采用Multi-Agent技术自动查找与给定查询有关的完整性约束条件,使得多个关系间连接操作的效率得到很大的提高;基于遗传算法的并行优化算法,深入研究了基于机群并行数据库中关系存储的选择、多连接查询优化和查询处理等关键技术。     

PSIST: A scalable approach to indexing protein structures using suffix trees

Approaches for indexing proteins and for fast and scalable searching for structures similar to a query structure have important applications such as protein structure and function prediction, protein classification and drug discovery. In this paper, we develop a new method for extracting local structural (or geometric) features from protein structures. These feature vectors are in turn converted into a set of symbols, which are then indexed using a suffix tree. For a given query, the suffix tree index can be used effectively to retrieve the maximal matches, which are then chained to obtain the local alignments. Finally, similar proteins are retrieved by their alignment score against the query. Our results show classification accuracy up to 50% and 92.9% at the topology and class level according to the CATH classification. These results outperform the best previous methods. We also show that PSIST is highly scalable due to the external suffix tree indexing approach it uses; it is able to index about 70,500 domains from SCOP in under an hour.     

支持k近邻查询的X*树索引结构

通过分析已有的索引结构在进行k近邻查询时效率上的不足,提出了适合进行k近邻查询的X*树索引结构,采用了新的结点分裂算法,同时不需要额外存储结点分裂的历史信息。实验结果表明它比X树的时间和空间性能更好,更适合k近邻查询的应用。     

一种改进的二进制查询树RFID标签防碰撞算法

在射频识别（RFID）系统中,存在阅读器与多个标签同时通信的碰撞问题,标签防碰撞技术是解决标签碰撞问题、提高标签识别效率的关键技术。在阐述传统二进制查询树算法（QT）的基础上提出了一种改进的查询树标签防碰撞算法-动态二进制查询树算法（DQT）。该算法通过曼彻斯特编码,识别出碰撞位,从而动态改变查询前缀,使阅读器的查询次数与标签的通信量大大减少,提高了标签的识别效率。仿真实验表明,DQT算法在大量标签识别场合下比QT算法更具有效性和稳定性。     

一种基于树状逻辑式的XML查询方法*

随着XML在各类数据表示中的广泛应用,XML文档的查询方法成为当前数据处理的一个重要问题。已有的研究如XPath和XQuery得到应用,但其查询表现存在一些缺点需要改进。从模板匹配的角度出发,基于谓词逻辑设计了树状逻辑表达式LXT。该表达式的特点是能以树状结构模板描述XML文档查询需求。在此基础上,进一步探讨了基于LXT表达式的XML文档查询方法,从数据的查询过滤、结果的组织构造与含义等方面描述了利用LXT的特点设计XML查询表现形式的基本思路。     

组合查询的组合算法

在数据库运用中,多重条件查询运用越来越普遍,多重条件必须按照一定规则组合才能使查询得出正确结果,而组合方式可能有许多种,到底哪一种组合更优呢?这就是该文要探讨的问题。文章先分析了组合查询的层次性,进而介绍了一种能定量比较查询效率的算法——组合查询树算法,该算法通过计算比较组合查询树的带权路径长度有效地度量每一种组合。     

Tree pattern expression for extracting information from syntactically parsed text corpora

With the public availability of a number of syntactically parsed text corpora, it has been increasingly important to efficiently extract desired information from such corpora. Many conventional works extract a desired text part by matching the parse tree of each sentence to a query that is represented as a structural form of relational predicates expressing a common structural pattern of desired text parts. However, although those works can be useful for limited types of simple queries, they are not very efficient in general because query formulations are sometimes very complicated for complex patterns of desired text parts and query matching tasks are likely to be exponentially time-consuming when considering a variety of complex sentential structures in a text corpus. In order to overcome such inadequacy, we present a novel tree pattern expression (TPE) that can represent various structural patterns intuitively and reduce pattern-matching complexity significantly. This paper first proposes TPE and its pattern-matching algorithm, and then theoretically analyzes the complexity of the proposed pattern-matching algorithm. It also illustrates a TPE-based information extraction system, which is applied to real text mining in a bio-text corpus. It finally shows some experimental results with some discussions in comparison with other systems.     

Containment of partially specified tree-pattern queries in the presence of dimension graphs

Nowadays, huge volumes of data are organized or exported in tree-structured form. Querying capabilities are provided through tree-pattern queries. The need for querying tree-structured data sources when their structure is not fully known, and the need to integrate multiple data sources with different tree structures have driven, recently, the suggestion of query languages that relax the complete specification of a tree pattern. In this paper, we consider a query language that allows the partial specification of a tree pattern. Queries in this language range from structureless keyword-based queries to completely specified tree patterns. To support the evaluation of partially specified queries, we use semantically rich constructs, called dimension graphs, which abstract structural information of the tree-structured data. We address the problem of query containment in the presence of dimension graphs and we provide necessary and sufficient conditions for query containment. As checking query containment can be expensive, we suggest two heuristic approaches for query containment in the presence of dimension graphs. Our approaches are based on extracting structural information from the dimension graph that can be added to the queries while preserving equivalence with respect to the dimension graph. We considered both cases: extracting and storing different types of structural information in advance, and extracting information on-the-fly (at query time). Both approaches are implemented, validated, and compared through experimental evaluation.     

Answering XML Queries Using Path-Based Indexes: A Survey

The problem of answering XML queries using path-based indexes is to find efficient methods for accelerating the XML query with pre-designed index structures over the XML database. This problem received increasing interests and have been lucubrated in recent years. Regular path expression is the core of the XML query languages e.g., XPath and XQuery. Most of the state-of-the-art path-based XML indexes, therefore, hammer at how to efficiently answer the path-based XML queries. This paper surveys various approaches to indexing XML data proposed in the literature. We give a step by step analysis to show the evolution of index structures for XML path information, based on tree structures or more commonly, directed labeled graphs. For each approach, we first present the specific issue it aims to tackle, and then the proposed solution presented. Furthermore, construction, physical data storage and maintenance costs, are analyzed.     

基于SPB树的公路网络最短路径查询

针对在线地图服务和路程安排等领域中的点对点最短路径查询方法,提出一种新的数据结构——最短路径B+树(SPB树),以有效存储预先计算好的点空间信息和与之对应的最短路径信息.实验结果证明,利用SPB树在公路网络上进行最短路径查询比经典的Dijkstra算法最高快出3个数量级.