基于SOA＆Web Service的企业应用集成研究

面向服务的企业应用集成能快速整合资源，构建基于IT环境的信息系统。Web Services提供了面向服务的具体实现技术。文章在分析SOA概念和架构的基础上，提出了一种基于SOA＆ Web Services的企业应用集成解决方案，并对实现的关键技术进行了深入研究。     

基于Web Services的企业应用集成方法研究*

企业应用集成是实现企业信息系统间集成的有效解决方法。分析了传统的和基于Web Services的企业应用集成方法,指出基于Web Services的企业应用集成是未来的发展趋势。利用Web Services技术,建立了企业应用集成框架,并在J2EE平台上实现了该集成框架,最后给出了具体的企业应用集成实例。     

基于Web Services企业应用集成的设计与分析

企业应用集成（EAI）是整合企业内外部不同应用系统间信息和业务流程的解决方案。Web Services是一种面向服务的技术架构,其突出优点是实现真正意义上的平台独立性和编程语言独立性。参考已有的企业应用集成产品,将它们原有自行设计的跨平台的数据传输、变换及解释模块和跨应用的业务流程模块用Web Services架构中的SOAP,WSDL,UDDI和WSFL等技术替换而形成一个新的企业应用集成模型,并研究了该模型的工作原理及所面临的挑战。     

基于Web Services企业应用集成的设计与分析

企业应用集成(EAI)是整合企业内外部不同应用系统问信息和业务流程的解决方案.Web Services是一种面向服务的技术架构,其突出优点是实现真正意义上的平台独立性和编程语言独立性.参考已有的企业应用集成产品,将它们原有自行设计的跨平台的数据传输、变换及解释模块和跨应用的业务流程模块用Web Services架构中的SOAP,WSDL,UDDI和WSFL等技术替换而形成一个新的企业应用集成模型,并研究了该模型的工作原理及所面临的挑战.     

基于Web Services实现身份统一认证

提出一种基于Web Services技术实现学生身份统一认证的方案,这种方案充分利用现有的网络资源,有效地避免数据与业务逻辑的冗余,也可最大限度地减少学生信息的维护工作。另外,提出的以Web Services器技术实现身份统一认证的方案,旨在探讨一种企业应用集成的新途径。     

基于BPMN辅助构建Web Services的研究

介绍了Web Services以及业务流程建模标记(BPMN)和Web服务的业务流程执行语言(BPEL4WS)，并且利用BPMN和BPEL4WS构建Web Services组件，建立Web服务模型，以整合各种企业应用平台，把企业业务由企业内部拓展到Internet上，从而达到企业资源的优化配置，实现了应用程序间的通用的互操作性以及企业间的信息交流，以适应复杂多变的商务环境。     

基于Web Services的企业应用集成模型

Web Services面向服务的体系结构和低成本开发优势使得它的应用变得越来越普及。相对于传统的企业应用集成解决方案，基于Web Services的集成方案能够敏捷和快速地实现异构系统的企业应用集成，它已经成为目前EAI领域的主流。提出了一个基于Web Services的企业应用集成模型，它实现了企业内部、跨互联网的企业间异构系统的松耦合集成。     

基于Web Services的企业应用集成平台模型

随着企业的发展，企业应用集成是一个迫待解决的问题。由于传统的企业应用集成方法基于各自的标准，在传输、数据定义、访问模型等机制方面均不一样，因此各自的应用仍然不容易互相连接。Web Services由于具有开放和跨平台特性，为企业应用集成提供了一种全新的机制。本文通过对Web Services实现模型的分析，提出一种基于Web Services的企业应用集成平台模型。     

基于Web Services的企业集成应用系统研究

随着企业的发展,企业应用集成是一个迫待解决的问题。传统的企业应用集成方法基于各自的标准,在传输、数据定义、访问模型等机制方面均不相同,造成各自的应用仍难以互相连接。通过对Web Services模型的分析,文中论述了一种基于Web Services的企业应用集成系统模型,介绍了企业应用集成的三个重要层面——数据集成、应用系统集成和业务流程集成,并对前两个层面进行了深入讨论和分析。     

基于Web Services的企业应用集成方案

介绍了Web Services技术及其体系结构。给出了遗留系统Web Services封装与实现方法以及基于Web Services架构实现企业信息共享的实例。实践表明,基于Web Services的企业应用集成方案,增强了系统间集成的方便度,降低了更新维护的成本和难度。     

A multi-perspective knowledge-based system for customer service management

The e-business arena is a dynamic, complex and demanding environment. It is essential to make optimal reuse of knowledge of customer services across various functional units of the enterprise. On the other hand, it is also important to ensure that the customer service staff can access and be trained up with dynamically updated knowledge that meets the changing business environment of an enterprise in customer services. However, conventional way of customer service management (CSM) is inadequate to achieve the multi-perspective of an enterprise for achieving knowledge acquisition, knowledge diffusion, business automation and business performance measurement so as to drive the continuous improvement of the customer service quality. In this paper, a multi-perspective knowledge-based system (MPKBS) is proposed for CSM. The MPKBS incorporates various artificial intelligence technologies such as case-based reasoning (CBR) and adaptive time-series model which are used for decision analysis, performance measurement and monitoring. A prototype customer service portal has been built based on the MPKBS and implemented successfully in a consultancy business.     

一个基于流程相似性的自动服务发现框架

服务发现是面向服务的网络软件开发过程的关键阶段,同时也是影响服务组合效率的关键因素.针对当前服务发现自动化程度低下、准确性不高的现状,从两个方面提高服务组合效率:首先,提出一种自动组合服务发现模式,支持流程粒度的组合服务发现及复用;其次,在发现过程中设计了一种量化的相似性评估算法,综合考虑组合流程的静态结构与动态行为特征,以提高服务发现的准确率;最后,结合以上两方面形成一个基于流程相似性的自动服务发现框架(automatic service discovery framework based on business process similarity,简称AutoDisc).利用真实数据完成的评估实验结果表明,AutoDisc的准确性优于单纯考虑结构或行为的发现方法,在所给出的应用案例中,使服务组合效率提高75.5％,具有较好的可扩展性.     

基于服务容器的应急救援地理信息平台研究与应用

根据信息技术的发展方向,对地理信息系统的基础架构和应用模式进行综合研究,在GIS服务和服务流程管理的基础上,引入了地理信息服务容器的概念,采用服务控件（Control）技术封装了地理信息服务的技术细节,设计了一个具有“热插拔”能力的服务管理平台框架,使得业务人员能够定制业务流程,插入业务应用,动态接入各个业务应用终端,满足应急响应实时性要求。     

A layered architecture for flexible Web service invocation

Web service composition is emerging as an interesting approach to integrate business applications and create intra‐organizational business processes. Single Web services are combined to create a complex Web service that will realize the process business logic. Once the process is created, it is executed by an orchestration engine that invokes individual Web services in the correct order. However, Web services composing the workflow sometimes become unavailable during the run‐time phase, blocking process execution. This paper describes an architecture that allows the flexible orchestration of business processes. With this approach, Web services composing the process can be automatically substituted with other compatible Web services during process execution. A methodology is defined to evaluate Web service compatibility based on interface matching, in order to select substitutable Web services. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

语义Web服务系统模型研究

目前的Web服务过程中需要大量的手动操作，这难以满足现今动态的、组合的业务处理要求。为了有效的解决上述问题，我们提出了语义Web服务系统模型，该模型使用了源码注解、服务模板和约束分析等先进技术，这样不但提高了Web服务操作的自动化程度，而且增强了Web服务处理的精准度和效能，同时将以往能否找到合适Web服务的问题提升为怎样选择最佳Web服务的问题。     

Change impact analysis in service-based business processes

In the service-oriented computing paradigm, business processes can be wrapped and exposed as business services. Business processes and services are subject to changes required by the organizational and regulatory policies changes. A required service change can affect its supporting business processes, and a change occurred in business process can affect the services it supports. In this study, we will provide some insights on the challenging issue in the service-based business process change management. Different from the existing work in the field of workflow change management, this work focuses on the analysis of dependencies between services and their supporting business processes. We present a taxonomy for the changes that can happen in services and business processes based on the proposed service-oriented business process model. A set of change impact patterns are defined based on the study of the dependencies between services and business processes and the identified change types. These change types and the impact patterns then can be used to analyze the necessary change propagation occurring in business processes and services. We provide algorithms for determining the impact scopes affected by the service and process change. A prototype that implements the proposed change management mechanisms is developed.     

Profiting from business process outsourcing

Companies have successfully used outsourcing for decades to generate savings and allow greater focus on core (essential) business. Outsourcing traditionally noncore (nonessential) yet critical functions to larger service providers is one of the fastest-growing changes in the market today. We refer to this process as business process outsourcing (BPO). Two significant market forces are driving this practice: a growing low-cost white-collar labor pool and automation and codification of best practices. Although the BPO market has been around for more than 40 years, it is only now reaching many companies' radar screens because of the better service levels and cost-savings promise. The two opportunities behind the recent growth of this sector - process modules and offshoring - show enormous promise, and companies musty use them in conjunction to show sustainable savings and, hence, long-term profitability. Future work in this area would involve understanding the definitions, costs, benefits, and risks associated with various service delivery models that service providers deploy, such as a global services delivery model that uses on-site, on-shore and offshore locations and a pure offshore services delivery model.     

End-to-end reliability of service oriented applications

As organizations move towards adopting a service oriented architecture that permits the coexistence of multiple technology environments, an increasing number of applications will be developed through the assembly of existing software components with standard web service interfaces. These components with web service interfaces may be available in-house, or may be supplied or hosted by external vendors. The use of multiple services, possibly utilizing different technologies, providers, locations, and sources, has implications for the end-to-end reliability of these applications to support a business process. Selecting the best service for individual tasks in a business process does not guarantee the most effective overall solution, particularly if criteria other than functional characteristics are employed. This paper examines reliability issues associated with applications developed within service oriented architecture. It develops a measure for deriving end-to-end application reliability, and develops a model to help select appropriate services for tasks in the business process which accommodate the redundant and overlapping functionality of available services and planned redundancy in task support to satisfy the reliability requirement of the resulting application. A genetic algorithm approach is adopted to select promising services to assemble the application using end-to-end reliability as the criterion of interest. An application to a real-world business process illustrates the effectiveness of the approach.     

基于事件驱动的SOA服务组合技术研究

传统基于Bpel的服务组合方式可以满足业务流程相对稳定的业务需求,但在灵活多变的业务环境中,流程可能会不定时变化,此时需要人工暂停服务、修改流程、生成Bpel文件、重新部署发布等繁琐操作,这显然难以满足快速灵活的业务部署需求。此外,为了支持有人工活动参与的服务,基于Bpel的SOA平台大多采用异步回调来实现,但这种实现手段通常需要保留回调句柄,无形中增加了平台构件之间的耦合性,不符合SOA的基本特性。文章研究了一种基于事件驱动的SOA服务组合方式,通过事件处理引擎驱动服务,并可以通过配置业务规则来实现服务之间组合协作,解决传统基于Bpel组合方式的不足。在此基础上,文章搭建了一个基于事件驱动的SOA平台Swift ED-SOA,并通过应用实例验证了ED-SOA的可行性。