一种基于行列法离散点边界搜索算法*

平面上构建离散点的边界在地理信息系统(GIS)中应用广泛,提出了基于行列法的平面离散点边界搜索的新算法,目的是解决平面离散点边界问题,通过确定步长大小,按步长对离散点分别进行行搜索和列搜索,得到离散点的边界曲线,介绍了行列边界算法的基本思想和实现过程。该算法能够正确地搜索包含凹凸特征的离散点边界,与传统边界生成算法相比,它具有通用、实现简单等特点。该算法在油田GIS领域边界划分中得到了很好的应用,能够准确地构建油田边界。     

JPEG2000中位平面扫描加速方法研究

针对JPEG2000中位平面编码器EBCOT三通道扫描耗时多的问题,在样点省略法、列群省略法的基础上提出了基于分布特征的多级表查询式位平面快速扫描方法,该法能更好地消除扫描中出现的冗余组和冗余列,并削减了可能存在的查表冗余,有效提高了位平面扫描效率.     

残缺网格模型的快速B样条曲面重建

针对残缺的三角网格模型,提出一种将网格模型的散乱数据点转化为有序阵列点再进行B样条曲面快速重建的算法.首先确定最小二乘平面上的一个矩形参数域,再构造出一个平面阵列点列,并部分映射到三维网格上;然后利用空间阵列点的邻域信息估计4个角点的空间坐标,并构造径向基函数曲面,用于补充空间阵列点列中残缺的数据;最后利用有序点列拟合的高效性构造B样条曲面.实验结果表明:该算法速度快、拟合精度高、鲁棒性强,重建的曲面具有良好的光顺性和可延伸性,适用于逆向工程中对经过数据分割后的网格模型的自由曲面重建.     

求平面多边形集凸壳的方法

提出一种计算平面多边形集凸壳的快速算法。将多边形集的凸壳根据极值点划分为右上、左上、左下、右下四段,同时对集合中多边形利用其极值点提取右上、左上、左下、右下四个点列段,凸壳的每一段仅受多边形同一类点列段的影响。根据多边形集合的极值点确定四个矩形区域对四类点列段进行筛选,再按给定规则在矩形区域中进行初始找点,可求出四段凸壳初始点列,它们按顺序可确定一平面多边形,求出到此多边形的凸壳即为所求多边形集的凸壳。算法通过分段、分类、筛选等措施提高了计算效率,并且易于实现,其时间复杂度为O（N）。     

求解简单多边形和平面点集凸包的新算法

沿一定方向遍历凸多边形的边，其内部在边的同一侧。本文依据凸多边形的这一特性，提出求解简单多边形凸包的新算法，进而扩展得到求解平面点集凸包的新算法。新点集凸包算法先找到点集的极值点，得到极值点间的候选点子集，再求得相邻极值点间的有序凸包点列，最后顺序连接极值点间的有序凸包点列，得到凸包。新算法达到目前平面点集凸包问题的渐进最好算法的时间复杂度O（n log h），其中，n为平面点集的点数，h为平面点集凸包的顶点数。相比相同复杂度的凸包算法，新算法简单、易于实现。又由于是顺序求得凸包上的点，新算法还具有更易于实现基于其上的有效空间算法的优点。     

基于线结构光的水下目标扫描定位方法

当海底环境噪声及声学散射影响比较严重时,声呐方法无法实现高精度的海底探测．因此,设计了一种基于线结构光的扫测系统．激光中心线条纹提取及系统参数快速标定是影响线结构光测扫精度的2大关键问题．在激光中心条纹处理方面,多阈值算法通过采用不同的阈值可以有效地滤除背景噪声,基于极值法的高斯拟合法则对部分激光条纹采用高斯函数进行拟合,结合多阈值算法和基于极值法的高斯拟合法提出了一个条纹中心线提取算法．该算法在保留多阈值法快速性的同时,又具备高斯拟合法的准确性．而在系统参数标定方面,提出了一种共线点的快速标定法,设计的平面标定靶只需通过确定3个共线的特征点即可快速实现系统参数的标定和高精度的海底快速测扫．最后,在水池中进行了模型实验,验证了该方法的可行性和有效性．     

基于圆柱面映射的快速图像拼接算法

针对现有基于圆柱面映射的全景图像拼接算法无法实现自动估计焦距的问题,为满足实时性要求,提出了一种基于预测的快速特征点匹配算法,在基于纯旋转运动的自动焦距估计算法基础上,提出了一种基于单应矩阵的焦距修正算法。该算法首先从待拼接图像中提取Harris角点,然后提取方向梯度直方图(Histogram of Oriented Gradient, HOG)描述子进行特征点匹配,基于前一帧图像获得的图像映射关系采用一种基于预测的快速特征点匹配算法,然后使用简化的基于纯旋转运动的焦距估计算法估计出焦距初值,并采用基于单应矩阵的焦距修正算法得到更精确的焦距值,最后将平面图像投影至圆柱平面,使用加权平均融合算法进行拼接,合成全景图像。采用多个测试序列图像对算法进行测试,特征点匹配速度较传统方法提高了10倍以上,自动焦距估计算法能够准确估计摄像机焦距,且耗时仅50毫秒左右。实验结果表明,提出的算法能够快速地合成高质量的全景图像,拼接后的图像畸变小,具有较高的实用价值。     

平面无序点集曲线重建的跟踪算法

由无序离散点集重建出曲线曲面模型,在反求工程与计算机视觉中都有着广泛的应用.根据实际采样中离散点分布相对集中的特点,给出了一个用简单曲线拟合平面上的无序点集的跟踪算法.该方法仅从当前跟踪点的邻近点集与曲线重建光顺准则出发,无须迭代,可快速、有效地跟踪得到无序点集的一个中轴点列,最后再由此点列拟合出参数曲线.实验结果表明,该方法是一个简单、有效的曲线重建方法.     

基于照片序列的多面体虚拟壳快速生成算法

介绍了一个基于照片序列的三维模型重构系统，通过照片图像中提取物体轮廓对应的光锥相交得到多面体虚拟壳，并介绍一个基于活性点列的快速相交算法。     

一种基于相似曲线的全景图自动拼接算法

提出了一种基于相似曲线的拼接算法，通过寻找按列梯度最大点，将对二维图像的匹配转化为确定两条曲线最相似的区域．该文算法不需要手工指定特征点，可自动对一组图像进行无缝拼接，实验结果验证了算法的有效性．     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

正~~     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate