基于MWCNTs的气敏测试纸

介绍了一种简单、可直接在纸上制作的气体传感测试纸.由多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)在纸上摩擦,粘附的MWCNTs即为传感器的敏感层.采用相同方法分别在不同的纸张上制作传感器,并对气敏性能进行了比较,结果表明:滤纸的多孔性和粗糙的表面,可以促使其上的敏感层吸附和释放气体分子,使气体传感器在室温条件下完全恢复.传感器具有良好的重复性和稳定性.气体传感测试纸可以进一步用于挥发性有机气体(VOCs)的检测开发.     

聚苯胺-多壁碳纳米管薄膜SAW NO2传感器

将聚苯胺-多壁碳纳米管聚合物沉积于声表面波(SAW)气体传感器的敏感区,形成敏感薄膜,实现了室温下对不同体积分数NO2的检测.研究表明:这种传感器具有很高的敏感性,良好的重复性和低体积分数检测极限.同时,单一聚苯胺薄膜也做了对比测量,实验结果表明:聚苯胺-多壁碳纳米管聚合物敏感膜比单一聚苯胺薄膜具有更高的敏感性和更短的...     

射频磁控溅射SnO2/MWCNTs 薄膜材料的气敏性能研究

采用射频反应磁控溅射方法制备掺杂多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)的snO2薄膜材料,并在此基础之上制作了N02气敏传感器,使用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)研究了SnO2/MWCNTs薄膜材料的表面形貌、物质组份材料特性,采用气敏元件测试系统来分析优越感的气敏效应,包括灵敏度、选择性、响应-恢复等特性,实验结果表明该气敏传感器对超低浓度(10ppb)NO2气体有很好的灵敏度,对干扰气体不敏感,提出了气敏机理解释实验现象.     

基于复合膜修饰ITO电极的乙醇传感器研究

利用羧基化的多壁碳纳米管(MWCNT)修饰氧化铟锡(ITO)电极,表面吸附一层普鲁士蓝(PB)作为电子介体制作一种新型的乙醇传感器.通过循环伏安法、计时电流法对传感器的性能进行表征和研究.结果表明:所制备传感器对乙醇具有明显的电化学活性,线性范围为0.5～10mmol/L,在S/N=3的情况下,检出限为0.07mmol/L(R=0.9968).该传感器制备简单、经济实用,具有良好的准确性、灵敏度及抗干扰能力.     

基于碳纳米管微传感器阵列和随机共振的气体检测方法研究

提出了一种基于多壁碳纳米管微传感器阵列和非线性随机共振算法的新型气体检测方法。微传感器阵列包括碳纳米管阳极传感器和碳纳米管阴极传感器以减小检测系统的交叉灵敏度。实验检测了乙醇、丙酮和氨气三种气体,传感器阵列响应输入随机共振系统进行处理,结果表明,信噪比曲线参数能够标定气体浓度和种类,且随机共振处理方法可以有效的降低系统的交叉灵敏度,检测系统具有较好的灵敏度和重复性,具有较好的实用价值。     

碳纳米管在高电压设备在线监测领域的应用

阐述了高压电气设备绝缘故障在线检测的一些方法,介绍了碳纳米管气体传感器近期的研究动向和取得的成果。应用碳纳米管气体传感器监测电气设备绝缘故障特征气体时,重点介绍了纯SF6,SF6/N2混合气体中局部放电产生的气体分解组分在电压、气体压强、温度等因素下对气体传感器的影响。并提出了碳纳米管气体传感器在高电压设备在线检测领域研究中所存在的问题和未来的研究发展方向。     

一维纳米材料在气体传感器中的应用

评述了目前一维纳米材料在气体传感器中的应用进展.包括单壁碳纳米管、多壁碳纳米管、单根金属及金属氧化物纳米带或纳米线制作的传感器,这些传感器能在室温下检测,具有灵敏度高、漂移小的优点,但由于制作成本高昂、检测条件苛刻,离实用还很远.将氧化物一维纳米材料用于制作旁热式气敏元件,在保持其高灵敏度的同时提高稳定性,有助于解决旁热式气敏元件实用中存在的稳定性差的问题,将成为目前实用化研究的一个热点.     

新型电化学CO气体传感器的研制

研制了一种用于测定CO的新型电化学式气体传感器,即把多壁碳纳米管自组装到铂微电极上,制备多壁碳纳米管粉末微电极,其电极在氧化过电位为+700mV时,对CO具有显著的电化学催化效应。以其电极为工作电极,Ag/AgCl为参比电极,Pt丝为对比电极,多孔聚四氟乙烯膜作为透气膜制成传感器。其传感器响应时间短、重复性好,能用于环境监测和控制。     

MWCNT-WO3薄膜双声路SAW NO2气体传感器

以金属钨粉,H2O2,CH3OH和多壁碳纳米管(MWCNT)为原料,在双声路声表面波(SAW)器件的测量声路上制作了MWCNT-WO3薄膜,提出并实现了一种MWCNT-WO3薄膜双声路SAW NO2气体传感器。由于MWCNT和WO3对NO2气体都有敏感作用,而且碳纳米管的毛细作用、以及MWCNT的加入都增加了气体的接触面积,提高了NO2气体的吸附和敏感作用。同时,SAW器件的双声路结构消除了由于外界测量条件改变引起的测量误差,也进一步提高了传感器的可靠性和准确性。实验结果表明,该传感器对各种浓度的NO2气体具有好的响应特性,在31.2×10-9到20×10-6范围内,传感器的响应灵敏度为9.8kHz/1×10-6,比单一MWCNT或WO3薄膜对NO2气体具有更好的灵敏度和线性特性。     

氯化铜掺杂的多壁碳纳米管对甲醛的气敏响应研究

按照一定的质量比将CuCl2与多壁碳纳米管悬浊液超声掺杂.将纯的多壁碳纳米管悬浊液和掺杂后的碳管悬浊液分别旋涂在真空溅射的叉指金电极上,干燥后作为气敏膜.分别检测两组气敏膜暴露于甲醛气体前后的电流变化,并计算其灵敏度.掺杂后的多壁碳管气敏膜的灵敏度显著提高,且响应与恢复时间均明显缩短;室温下该传感器的响应非常稳定.CuCl2掺杂所导致的多壁碳管结构缺陷的增加可能是提高掺杂后碳管气敏响应的重要因素.     

Comparing sensitivities of differently oriented multi-walled carbon nanotubes integrated on silicon wafer for electrochemical biosensors

In this study, we report on multi-walled carbon nanotubes fabricated on silicon substrate with four different orientations via chemical vapor deposition. It is well-known that chemical treatments improve the nanotube electrochemical reactivity by creating edge-like defects on their exposed sidewalls. Before use, we performed an acid treatment on carbon nanotubes. To prove the effect of the treatment on these nanostructured electrodes, contact angles were measured. Then, sensitivities and detection limits were evaluated performing cyclic voltammetry. Two target molecules were used: potassium ferricyanide, an inorganic electroactive molecule, and hydrogen peroxide that is a product of reactions catalyzed by many enzymes, such as oxidases and peroxidases. Carbon nanotubes with tilted tips become hydrophilic after the treatment showing a contact angle of 22° ± 2°. This kind of electrode has shown also the best electrochemical performance. Sensitivity and detection limit values are 110.0 ± 0.5 μA/(mM cm²) and 8 μM for potassium ferricyanide solutions and 16.4 ± 0.1 μA/(mM cm²) and 24 μM using hydrogen peroxide as target compound. Considering the results of wettability and voltammetric measurements, nanotubes with tilted tips-based electrodes are found to be the most promising for future biosensing applications.     

HTPB/MWNTs-COOH复合导电材料气敏响应性能研究

本文是基于端羟基聚丁二烯（HTPB）和羧基功能化多壁碳纳米管（MWNTs-COOH）之间的氢键耦合作用来开发一种新颖的聚氨酯(PU)气敏传感器。实验结果表明,制备的聚氨酯样品中存在着由软、硬段微区形成的微相分离结构,碳纳米管与聚氨酯之间的氢键相互作用赋予了材料对一些非极性有机溶剂饱和蒸气,如苯,环己烷,无水乙醚,四氯化碳等强的气敏响应行为。这种新型导电复合材料表现出良好的有气敏选择性和稳定性,为开发新颖的化学气敏传感器开辟了新途径。     

基于碳纳米管的超级电容器聚吡咯电极复合方法

For the defect that the mechanical properties of polypyrrole supercapacitors decrease with charge and discharge cycles, and the cycle stability is poor, a compound method of polypyrrole electrode for supercapacitors based on multi-walled carbon nanotubes is proposed. The structure of the formed polypyrrole coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes effectively increase the specific surface area of the electrode material, the utilization rate of the active material and the electrical conductivity, improve the rapid charge and discharge performance of the electrode material, and greatly improve cyclic stability of polypyrrole. The composite electrode materi- al of polypyrrole and functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes for supercapacitors is prepared by pulse current deposition meth- od. It is scanned at a scanning rate of 1000mV?s -1 in a 3mol?L -1 potassium chloride electrolyte, after 100,000-cycle, the capacity on- ly declines by 16%.     

吸附甘氨酸对多壁碳纳米管电性能的影响

以磁控贱射的方法在玻璃基底上制作叉指银电极,用丝网印刷技术制备碳纳米管膜。室温下测试吸附甘氨酸前后碳纳米管膜伏安特性和电阻率的变化,发现吸附了甘氨酸后碳纳米管的导电能力增加,且增加的幅度与甘氨酸的浓度有关。实验结果预示:碳纳米管是一种良好的室温下检测甘氨酸的敏感材料。对碳纳米管吸附甘氨酸前后电性能的变化机理进行了初步的探讨。     

Effect of soft-hard segment structure on vapor responsiveness of polyurethane conducting composite thin films loaded with multi-walled carbon nanotubes

A series of multi-walled carbon nanotubes/polyurethane (MWNTs/PU) composite conducting dispersoids were prepared via an in situ coupling reaction among linear hydroxyl-terminated polymer diols, 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) and various chain extenders. The composite conducting thin films were formed by spin-coating and depositing the dispersoids onto comb-like electrode substrates. The resulting structure and the dispersion quality of MWNTs in the dispersoids were examined by means of FTIR, XRD, TEM, SEM and UV-vis analyses. The response of the as-prepared films toward some volatile organic solvent vapors such as benzene, anhydrous ether, acetone and chloroform was evaluated. The experimental results indicated that the composite conducting films constructed by hydroxyl-terminated poly(butadiene-co-acrylonitrile), trimethylolpropane, and MWNTs-OH bear better vapor responsiveness. The dispersion behavior of MWNTs in the dispersoids, types of MWNTs and soft-hard segmental compositions are believed to be closely related with the sensing properties of the films. In particular, the chemical linkage of MWNT-OH with HDI in the PU matrix is expected to improve the dispersivity and further to enhance the sensing properties of the composite sensors. The vapor sensing properties well reveal that these materials have a possibility as a candidate of volatile organic solvent vapor sensors.     

Surface acoustic wave gas sensors based on polyisobutylene and carbon nanotube composites

Surface acoustic wave (SAW) gas sensors based on polyisobutylene (PIB) and composites (PIB and carbon nanotubes) as sensitive layers were investigated for the detection of octane and toluene (volatile organic compounds) and other atmospheric pollutants (H₂, CO, NO₂ and NH₃) at room temperature. In order to study the effect of nanotubes in the response of SAW sensors, several composites based on PIB with different percentages of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) were tested and compared to the response obtained from PIB SAW sensors. Sensors exhibit high responses and selectivity to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) with fast response and recovery times as well as good repeatability and reproducibility. Experimental results show as small percentages of nanotubes improve the response to octane.     

基于复杂多壁碳纳米管衍生物为载体的痕量铝离子电极的研究及其在环境中的应用

该文报道了一种新的基于复杂多壁碳纳米管衍生物为载体的铝离子碳糊电极。引入的碳糊电极,在很大程度上改善了铝离子电极的线性范围、检出限、pH值范围及响应时间等。此外,该电极具有较高选择性和较长的使用时间（超过3个月）。该文课题组选择分离溶液法（ssM）测定铝离子碳糊电极的选择性系数,该电极对铝离子具有很好的选择性。重要的是．该文课题组采用交流阻抗法和紫外一可见光谱技术研究了电极的响应机理。最后,该电极被成功地应用于环境样品中铝离子浓度的测定。     

碳纳米管修饰电极的制备及其对NADH的电催化氧化

采用丝网印刷技术,制备出羧基化多壁碳纳米管修饰的丝网印刷碳电极,并采用循环伏安法研究了该电极对还原型烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸(NADH)的电催化氧化性能.结果表明,与未修饰丝网印刷碳电极相比,多壁碳纳米管修饰丝网印刷碳电极显著降低了NADH的氧化峰电位,消除了反应产物对电极的污染及其它电化学反应对测量的干扰.将修饰电极与流...     

基于碳纳米管固定葡萄糖氧化酶的ECL葡萄糖传感器的制备

将葡萄糖氧化酶(GOD)固定在多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)修饰电极(ME)上,GOD催化氧化葡萄糖生成过氧化氢,并使鲁米诺产生电致化学发光(ECL),据此构建了一种新型ECL葡萄糖传感器.结果表明:CNTs修饰的电极对鲁米诺和H2O2反应具有显著的电催化活性和增敏效果.该传感器对葡萄糖检测的线性范围为0.01～10.0...