基于IMM多传感器顺序粒子滤波跟踪机动目标算法

针对交互式多模型粒子滤波在跟踪机动目标时精度受限问题,提出一种基于交互式多模型(IMM)的多传感器顺序粒子滤波算法。采用IMM机制实现目标运动模式的确认;在合理利用单传感器量测和多传感器量测中冗余和互补信息的基础上,引入顺序重抽样方法改善粒子分布,并将改善后的粒子应用于IMM粒子滤波算法框架。仿真实验结果表明:新算法能够估计出强机动目标状态,且精度明显优于标准IMM粒子滤波算法。     

视频动态场景下运动物体的自适应跟踪算法

根据积分思想和粒子滤波理论,提出一种运动物体自适应跟踪算法。建立多特征的跟踪观测模型,采用积分策略对多个特征模型进行自适合融合和更新,通过观测似然度更新粒子滤波所需粒子数量及其分布,并在动态场景下对运动物体进行跟踪。实验结果表明,该算法相对于传统的跟踪算法在跟踪精度和实时性方面有所提高,具有较好的鲁棒性。     

基于自适应粒子滤波的跳水运动视频跟踪算法

用传统粒子滤波算法对跳水运动视频跟踪存在两个突出问题:观测模型不能适应运动员身体的表观变化;运动模型不能准确预测运动员位置的快速改变。针对这两个问题,本文提出一种自适应粒子滤波算法。该算法在粒子滤波框架下引入一种自适应观测模型,并且根据跟踪误差与运动员动作改变幅度的大小,自适应选择噪声方差和粒子数量。实验结果表明,本文算法比传统粒子滤波算法具有更低的跟踪误差率,而且在运动员动作改变幅度变大时有更好的鲁棒性。     

基于粒子滤波的双模图像融合自适应跟踪

针对视频跟踪中仅利用目标的单特征容易导致跟踪失败的问题,提出一种基于粒子滤波的可见光与红外序列图像相融合的自适应目标跟踪算法;该算法在粒子滤波跟踪算法框架下,根据单一信源运动目标序列图像的品质因子,利用自适应加权融合策略重构双模序列图像的特征选择机制,建立了基于自适应融合算法的系统观测概率模型和状态空间层次采样多特征融合跟踪算法,实现了对双模序列图像的融合以及对运动目标的稳健跟踪;跟踪试验结果表明,该算法可以有效实现对运动目标的稳健、准确跟踪。     

基于纹理和颜色特征的目标跟踪检测算法研究与实现

对运动目标进行跟踪,常采用粒子滤波跟踪算法。本文为了减少相似背景像素点及光照变化对机动目标跟踪的干扰,采用了基于目标纹理特征和颜色特征融合的自适应粒子滤波算法,通过采用了不同的状态转移模型和观测模型,该模型优点在于能够根据不同的实验环境给出相应的实验方案。试验证明,该算法在跟踪的性能和鲁棒性方面的改进。     

融合运动和颜色特征的视频目标粒子滤波跟踪北大核心CSCD

研究可见光的视频运动目标跟踪问题。运用粒子滤波进行视频图像的目标跟踪时,目标特征的选择较为重要。传统的基于颜色特征的粒子滤波跟踪,在背景与目标的颜色分布相同时容易出现目标丢失现象。运动和颜色的融合信息为特征,在包含目标的局部区域内进行光流计算,并定义运动观测为粒子的运动像素数量。在粒子滤波框架下将运动观测融入到重要性抽样函数中,扩大预测样本与观测似然峰值的重叠区域;以运动和颜色的融合信息形成联合观测似然函数,并根据它们单独观测的质量自适应地确定各自权重。实验结果表明,改进的跟踪算法在背景存在颜色干扰时的鲁棒性和目标发生机动时的准确性均有提高。     

一种基于视觉注意机制的改进粒子滤波跟踪算法

目标跟踪是计算机视觉研究中的一个重要课题,它是目标行为理解的基础,是图像系统连续准确工作的重要部分。针对单一特征跟踪算法识别准确性不高,特别是在遮挡状况下无法对目标特征进行检测和跟踪的问题,考虑到粒子滤波算法在处理非线性、非高斯跟踪问题上的优越性,提出一种融合颜色、纹理和运动信息等多类特征的改进粒子滤波跟踪算法;并参考人眼的视觉注意机制,根据目标物体在不同场景下对人眼刺激的显著性不同,对目标的各个特征按照显著性强弱排序,并以此对散布粒子进行过滤。与单一特征和多特征目标跟踪算法的对比实验表明,所介绍的算法比基于单一特征的目标跟踪算法具有更高的准确性和鲁棒性,且比多特征跟踪算法的实时性更好。     

一种基于改进UPF的运动声阵列交互多模型目标跟踪方法

针对运动声阵列在有色噪声环境中的非线性滤波跟踪实时性问题,提出一种基于改进粒子滤波的交互式多模型目标跟踪(IMM-IUPF)方法.该方法采用最小斜度单形无迹变换结合变尺度无迹变换的 Sigma点选取策略,对标准无迹粒子滤波(UPF)进行改进,大幅缩减UPF样本选取计算量;将改进的UPF与交互式多模型(IMM)相结合,通过定义自适应增益修正系数,弥补样本点缩减造成的精度降低问题;最终通过与传统的基于IMM的粒子滤波(IMM-PF)和基于IMM的无迹粒子滤波(IMM-UPF)进行Matlab数值仿真对比验证所提出算法的实用性.     

同时机器人定位与人体跟踪的多源感知协作粒子滤波方法

提出了分布式多传感器协作的条件粒子滤波算法以解决人与机器人位置的联合概率分布估计问题．全局视觉系统中,各视角独立运行图像平面上基于粒子滤波的目标跟踪,并利用地平面单应关系实现多视角目标主轴同步融合．视觉观测进一步与机器人激光数据以顺序滤波方式异步融合,提出包含人体位置假设的激光似然场模型以提高对机器人位姿误差的鲁棒性,并引入基于Kullback-Leibler距离的自适应采样以降低描述联合分布所需的粒子数目．实验验证了该方法能够在具有观测噪声且人—机位置均不确定的情况下利用多传感器协作实现基于地图的同时机器人定位与人体跟踪．     

用于前车追踪的多特征融合粒子滤波算法改进

基于特征融合的粒子滤波算法可以将多个不同的特征进行融合,增强跟踪系统鲁棒性,但是现有的算法存在着特征显著性差,算法实时性不强以及融合策略不具备通用性的缺点。针对上述问题提出了一种适用于前车追踪系统的改进融合算法,采用增强边缘信息的SULBP新特征,并通过自适应降维方法提升特征提取的实时性;利用粒子集的分布状态设计自适应融合算法解决了融合策略的通用性问题。实验结果表明,所提出的多特征融合粒子滤波算法在跟踪性能和算法实时性上均有显著地提升。     

Call for Papers The 6^th International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing

Recent years have seen rapid advances in various grid-related technologies, middleware, and applications. The GCC conference has become one of the largest scientific events worldwide in grid and cooperative computing. The 6th international conference on grid and cooperative computing (GCC2007) Sponsored by China Computer Federation (CCF),Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT) and Xinjiang University ,and in Cooperation with IEEE Computer Soceity ,is to be held from August 16 to 18, 2007 in Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

法律信息库系统

本文分析了法律数据库的结构和特点，介绍了采用面向对象设计方法和超文本数据库技术开发和实现法律信息库系统将作为重要网络资源之一为不同用户进行法律咨询服务。     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

International Journal of Automation and Computing Table of Contents

正~~     

Information for authors

正SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences(Sci China Inf Sci),cosponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Natural Science Foundation of China,and published by Science China Press,is committed to publishing highquality,original results of both basic and applied research in all areas of information sciences,including computer science and technology;systems science,control science and engineering(published in Issues with odd numbers);information and communication engineering;electronic science and technology(published in Issues with even numbers).Sci China Inf Sci is published monthly in both print and electronic forms.It is indexed by Academic OneFile,Astrophysics Data System(ADS),CSA,Cabells,Current Contents/Engineering,Computing and Technology,DBLP,Digital Mathematics Registry,Earthquake Engineering Abstracts,Engineering Index,Engineered Materials Abstracts,Gale,Google,INSPEC,Journal Citation Reports/Science Edition,Mathematical Reviews,OCLC,ProQuest,SCOPUS,Science Citation Index Expanded,Summon by Serial Solutions,VINITI,Zentralblatt MATH.     

Erratum to: Fast global kernel fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm for consonant/vowel segmentation of speech signal

正Erratum to:J Zhejiang Univ-Sci C(ComputElectron)2014 15(7):551-563doi:10.1631/jzus.C1300320The original version of this article unfortunately contained mistakes.Algorithm 6 should be as follows:Algorithm 6 FGKFCM-F clustering Input:(1)X={x_1,x_2,…,x_N},,x_iR~d,i=1,2,…,N,the dataset;(2)C,1C≤N,the number of clusters;(3)ε0,the stopping criterion;     

Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE C (Computers & Electronics) Total contents

正~~     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.