基于故障检测率的主元个数确定方法

主元个数是PCA模型的关键参数,其选取直接决定PCA的故障诊断性能;针对传统主元个数选取方法主观性较大,且不考虑故障诊断要求的缺点,提出一种改进的主元个数确定方法;该方法将传统的累积方差贡献率与故障检测率相结合,首先利用累积方差贡献率初步确定主元个数,然后确定满足故障检测率要求的主元个数,将两个主元个数进行比较,从而获得最佳主元个数;与单纯累积方差贡献率方法相比,提高了主元模型的精度,减少了以往方法中人为因素的影响;通过对卫星控制系统的故障检测,证实了该方法可大大提高故障检测准确率。     

基于PCA/SOFM混合神经网络的矢量量化

针对自组织特征映射(SOFM)神经网络应用于矢量量化具有收敛速度慢、计算量大等缺点,本文提出了一种基于PCA/SOFM混合神经网络的矢量量化的算法,先用主元分析(PCA)线性神经网络对输入矢量进行降维处理,再用SOFM神经网络进行矢量量化。通过调整SOFM神经网络的学习函数、邻域权值及初始码书对网络进行优化。实验表明,改进算法缩短了图像压缩的时间,提高了码书的性能。     

一种部分输入自调整神经网络及其在非线性数据重构中的应用

实际工业过程大部分是非线性过程,其遗失数据的重构问题不能采用现有的线性数据重构方法来解决.本文提出一种部分输入自调整神经网络,以待求的重构变量作为要调整的网络输入.与传统网络不同的是,该网络的权值和阚值先由另外的神经网络训练求得,通过神经网络后向传递算法只需对网络的部分输入值进行训练,这样将非线性数据重构问题转化为部分输入神经网络的训练问题.仿真结果验证本文方法的有效性.     

基于PCA和神经网络的故障诊断技术

提出一种基于PCA和神经网络的故障诊断/识别方法,利用主元分析法提取故障样本集的主元,实现故障样本的最优压缩,简化故障诊断中神经网络分类器的结构,提高神经网络的分类速度和测试精度。仿真结果表明,该方法可以有效减少输入层神经元个数,提高神经网络模型的学习效率和诊断的准确性,具有良好的故障识别能力。     

一种基于输入训练神经网络的非线性PCA 故障诊断方法

简要讨论了线性PCA故障诊断方法存在的问题，提出一种基于输入训练神经网络的非线性PCA故障诊断方法。该方法首先利用输入训练神经网络和BP网络双网络机制，实现非线性主元的识别，并采用统计方法进行故障检测与故障分离。对CSTR的仿真研究结果表明，该方法能够克服线性PCA方法在提取过程变量的非线性特征方面存在的不足，并能够准确地进行故障检测和分离。     

基于神经网络的非线性PCA方法

由于普通的主元分析（PCA）方法无法提取数据中的非线性相关特性，本文提出了一种基于神经网络的非线性PCA（NIPCA）方法，不仅提取了高维原始数据的线性信息还能提取非线性信息。在此基础上进一步提出了样本中显著误差及劣点的检测方法，从而支持对其进行合理剔除或是修正，仿真试验表明它能有效地减小误差点对网络训练精度的影响，大大增强了算法的鲁棒性。     

PCA—RBF方法在聚丙烯熔融指数建模中的应用

针对聚丙烯的生产过程是一个大滞后、时变、非线性的复杂系统,提出了基于主成分分析(PCA)的RBF神经网络聚丙烯熔融指数建模方法。该方法用主元分析对高维输入变量进行预处理,构造反应过程信息的低维主元变量,再经径向基函数神经网络对主元变量进行建模。该方法不仅简化了神经网络的结构,而且可以借助主元分析方法对过程故障和过失误差进行侦破,避免导致模型的错误输出。理论分析和实验结果表明,基于PCA和RBF网络方法的聚丙烯熔融指数建模具有精度高、鲁棒性强的优点,有利于工业生产应用。     

基于主元分析的径向基神经网络预测模型研究

结合主元分析(PCA)和径向基函数(RBF)神经网络,建立了地下水动态模拟与软测量预测模型。通过主元分析法提取主要成分,实现数据预处理;将选取的主要成分作为RBF神经网络的输入;采用k均值聚类算法确定RBF网络隐含层参数,并用递进最小二乘法确定输出层权值。仿真结果表明,该模型优化了网络结构,提高了预测精度。     

浮选生产过程经济技术指标的软测量建模

依据浮选过程的工艺机理和操作经验,初选了浮选过程经济技术指标神经网络软测量模型的输入变量,运用主元分析法对输入变量进行主元分解,降低输入变量维数且消除了输入变量之间的线性相关性,再通过基于最近邻聚类学习算法的径向基函数神经网络进行建模。仿真结果表明,该模型具有较快的训练速率和较高的预测精度,可以满足浮选过程实时控制的在线软测量要求。     

一种新的非线性多向主元分析在线故障监测方法

针对多向主元分析(MPCA)不能提取复杂的非线性系统变量间的非线性特性以及T~2统计量置信限的确定是以主元得分呈正态分布为假设前提的情况,提出了一种基于自组织神经网络与核密度估计的非线性MPCA在线故障监测方法。该方法用自组织神经网络去提取变量间的非线性特征信息；用核概率密度函数去估计非线性主元的置信限。将该方法应用到β-甘露聚糖酶补料分批发酵过程的在线故障监测中,应用效果表明用非线性主元比用同样数目的线性主元能够获取更多的变量信息,并且用核密度估计置信限的方法比用参数估计的方法能更准确地对故障进行监测。     

基于最优主元数的故障检测性能的改进

研究了一种基于主元分析故障检测确定主元数的新方法. 提出了信噪比并基于信噪比确定最优主元数. 通过最大化信噪比最优主元数被选择, 使故障检测性能得到改进. 这种方法被应用到TE过程中并与累积方差贡献率方法进行比较, 结果显示了此方法的优越性.     

Dynamic process fault monitoring based on neural network and PCA

A newly developed method, NNPCA, integrates two data driven techniques, neural network (NN) and principal component analysis (PCA), for process monitoring. NN is used to summarize the operating process information into a nonlinear dynamic mathematical model. Chemical dynamic processes are so complex that they are presently ahead of theoretical methods from a fundamental physical standpoint. NN functions as the nonlinear dynamic operator to remove processes' nonlinear and dynamic characteristics. PCA is employed to generate simple monitoring charts based on the multivariable residuals derived from the difference between the process measurements and the neural network prediction. It can evaluate the current performance of the process. Examples from the recent monitoring practice in the industry and the large-scale system in the Tennessee Eastman process problem are presented to help the reader delve into the matter.     

On the Initialisation of Sammon’s Nonlinear Mapping

The initialisation of a neural network implementation of Sammon’s mapping, either randomly or based on the principal components (PCs) of the sample covariance matrix, is experimentally investigated. When PCs are employed, fewer experiments are needed and the network configuration can be set precisely without trial-and-error experimentation. Tested on five real-world databases, it is shown that very few PCs are required to achieve a shorter training period, lower mapping error and higher classification accuracy, compared with those based on random initialisation. Received: 20 April 1999, Received in revised form: 08 July 1999, Accepted: 05 August 1999     

基于误差模型的自适应鲁棒主成分分析

研究了改善主成分分析(PCA)算法鲁棒性的一种实现途径.通过对误差函数的建 模分析,得到一种改进的目标函数.提出一种新的在线自适应式的鲁棒PCA运算规则.该方 法基于单层线性神经网络(NN)结构,但是权值的训练算法是非线性的.从而在迭代训练中对 "劣点"样本加以适当处理来排除对运算精度和收敛性的影响.     

基于神经网络的非线性PCA方法

该文采用基于正交最小二乘方法(OLS)的径向基函数(RBF)神经网络进行非线性主元分析(NLPCA)算法的训练，提高了训练速度，且不存在局部最优问题。将其应用到聚丙烯生产的高维非线性数据相关特性的提取中，仿真试验显示这种NLPCA方法提高了熔融指数(MI)的预报精度，具有实际应用价值。     

基于Sanger算法的小波网络结构优化方法

为了解决离散小波神经网络(DWNN)节点过多、鲁棒性差的问题，基于主成份分析(PCA)的思想提出了一种规模小、抗干性强的广义小波神经网络(EWNN)，并利用Sanger算法对其结构进行了优化。该算法在引出了消冗变换后，可提取出多个主成份。仿真结果表明了EWNN的非线性逼近能力及稳定性都明显优于DWNN。     

Discrimination of green tea quality using the electronic nose technique and the human panel test, comparison of linear and nonlinear classification tools

Electronic nose (E-nose) technique was attempted to discriminate green tea quality instead of human panel test in this work. Four grades of green tea, which were classified by the human panel test, were attempted in the experiment. First, the E-nose system with eight metal oxide semiconductors gas sensors array was developed for data acquisition; then, the characteristic variables were extracted from the responses of the sensors; next, the principal components (PCs), as the input of the discrimination model, were extracted by principal component analysis (PCA); finally, three different linear or nonlinear classification tools, which were K-nearest neighbors (KNN), artificial neural network (ANN) and support vector machine (SVM), were compared in developing the discrimination model. The number of PCs and other model parameters were optimized by cross-validation. Experimental results showed that the performance of SVM model was superior to other models. The optimum SVM model was achieved when 4 PCs were included. The back discrimination rate was equal to 100% in the training set, and predictive discrimination rate was equal to 95% in the prediction set, respectively. The overall results demonstrated that E-nose technique with SVM classification tool could be successfully used in discrimination of green tea's quality, and SVM algorithm shows its superiority in solution to classification of green tea's quality using E-nose data.     

Key principal components with recursive local outlier factor for multimode chemical process monitoring

Owing to various manufacturing strategies and demands of markets, chemical processes often involve multiple operating modes. How to identify mode from multimode process data collected under both stable and transitional modes is an important issue. This paper proposes a novel mode identification algorithm-recursive local outlier factor (RLOF) based on the sequential information in the time scale and the density information in the spatial scale. In this algorithm, not only the number of modes does not need to be determined in advance, but also details of mode switching can be acquired. In addition, the principal components (PCs) chosen by the variance of overall dataset in principal component analysis (PCA) cannot guarantee that all variables express information as completely as possible. Using the defined cumulative percent expression (CPE), this study chooses key PCs (KPCs) according to each variable. Moreover, fault diagnosis is realized via the contribution of every variable to key PCs. Finally, the monitoring performance is evaluated under the Tennessee Eastman (TE) benchmark and the continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) process.