热核距离下的3D对称图形匹配算法

对称混淆问题一直是图形匹配的难点之一,其中,特征点选取、对称点检测、初始匹配对最终匹配结果影响很大.针对此问题提出了一种基于热核的3D对称图形匹配算法.在前期工作基础上,考虑测地线在对称图形检测中的不足,提出一种以热核信号(HKS)为工具的算法.首先将HKS采样和最远点采样结合并融合采样,获得分布稳定且具有代表性的特征点;其次用HKS进行特征点分类实现对称点的准确检测;然后再利用基于热核的一点匹配算法进行初始匹配,以提高正确率;最后利用LS_MDS算法将图形嵌入到欧氏空间并投影到2D平面,根据投影中顶点的法向以及网格上的曲率信息,标定图形方向,最终完成对称匹配.在TOSCA数据库上进行数值实验,并将文中算法与已有的经典算法进行比较,结果表明,该算法不仅提高了匹配准确率,而且适用于较特殊的对称混淆问题,如大猩猩对称图形的匹配问题.     

基于拟Laplacian谱和点对拓扑特征的点模式匹配算法

针对谱匹配方法对噪声和出格点的鲁棒性较差的问题,提出了一种基于拟Laplacian谱和点对拓扑特征的点模式匹配算法。首先,用赋权图的最小生成树构造无符号Laplacian矩阵,通过对矩阵谱分解得到的特征值和特征向量表示点的特征,进而计算点的初始匹配概率;其次,利用点对拓扑特征的相似性测度来定义点对间的局部相容性,然后借助概率松弛的方法更新由拟Laplacian谱得到的匹配概率,得出匹配结果。对比实验结果表明,该方法在处理存在噪声和出格点的点集匹配上具有较高的鲁棒性。     

基于自注意力机制的点云分类分割

3D点云由于其无序性以及缺少拓扑信息使得点云的分类与分割仍具有挑战性.针对上述问题,我们设计了一种基于自注意力机制的3D点云分类算法,可学习点云的特征信息,用于目标分类与分割.首先,设计适用于点云的自注意力模块,用于点云的特征提取.通过构建领域图来加强输入嵌入,使用自注意力机制进行局部特征的提取与聚合.最后,通过多层感知机以及解码器-编码器的方式将局部特征进行结合,实现3D点云的分类与分割.该方法考虑了输入嵌入时单个点在点云中的局部语境信息,构建局部长距离下的网络结构,最终得到的结果更具区分度.在ShapeNetPart、RoofN3D等数据集上的实验证实所提方法的分类与分割性能较优.     

异构图形数据的近似语义匹配技术研究

以流程工厂协同设计应用为背景,提出基于允许误差的最大语义图匹配（MSMGE）算法的异构图形数据近似语义匹配模型。利用类无向图来描述2D和3D异构图形数据的工程属性和拓扑关系,消除了图形信息的异构性,并建立各种类实体的属性标签词典来消除2D和3D属性信息的异构性,用语义表达式来表示类无向图顶点和边的语义关系,将异构图形匹配转化为近似语义图匹配。通过基于工程语义对类无向图进行语义分割和基于最大公共序列算法的语义表达式比较、语义规整和语义裁剪等方法,降低了匹配搜索空间,提高了近似语义图匹配效率,实现了近似语义图匹配判断。该研究已经在流程工厂设计软件中得到较好地应用。     

基于ORB-SLAM3的改进型特征匹配与稠密建图算法

针对传统ORB算法存在提取的特征点极易堆积在纹理丰富的区域及误匹配率高等而导致无法满足高精度定位要求,以及ORB-SLAM3系统无法构建稠密地图的问题,提出一种基于ORB-SLAM3的改进型ORB-GMS特征匹配方法,并增加稠密建图线程来实现稠密地图的构建。首先,在特征点提取过程中引入四叉树策略,将图像帧分为若干个网格,并在每个网格中提取最优特征点;然后,在特征匹配过程中将运动平滑约束转换为剔除错误匹配的统计量,通过比较匹配对邻域内的匹配对数量和阈值来快速筛选正确匹配;最后,完成位姿估计并根据关键帧与相应位姿完成稠密点云地图的构建。采用TUM的RGB-D数据集进行实验,改进算法提取的特征点相较传统ORB算法分布更加均匀,匹配数比ORB-SLAM3增加64.5%,比GMS算法增加4.7%,匹配耗时比ORB-SLAM3减少20.4%,比GMS算法减少94.6%,从而验证了改进算法在特征点提取与匹配方面的优越性,并且相较于ORB-SLAM3,改进算法的定位精度提高了3.75%,从而验证了其在总体上提高定位精度,进而实现稠密建图的可行性和有效性。     

一种基于细节点全局置信度的指纹匹配算法

传统基于细节点的指纹匹配方法通常利用细节点的局部结构相似度来描述一组细节点对之间的匹配程度.提出细节点的全局置信度概念,描述一组细节点对在全局范围内与其他细节点对之间的空间一致性和整体匹配可能性,可看作是对局部相似度的一个有效补充.通过计算点对相容性矩阵的主特征向量,借助谱松弛技术,可得到所有细节点对的全局置信度.结合局部相似度和全局置信度可构造出新的关联矩阵,那些具有较大的局部相似度和较大的全局置信度的候选细节点对被认定是匹配的.该方法较好地利用局部拓扑信息和全局相容信息,对非刚性形变和噪声具有较好的鲁棒性.在FVC2002和FVC2004数据库上的实验结果表明,该方法具有较高的效率和准确性.     

基于特征矩阵相似性度量的形状对应性分析

针对快速、高效的三维模型形状分析与匹配技术的迫切需求,提出了融合内蕴热核特征与局部体积特征的三维模型对应形状分析方法。首先,通过拉普拉斯映射以及热核分布提取模型的内蕴形状特征;其次,结合模型热核特征的稳定性与局部空间体积的显著性,建立特征匹配矩阵;最后,通过特征矩阵相似性度量及最短路径搜索实现模型的配准与形状匹配分析。实验结果表明,融合热核距离以及局部体积约束的形状分析方法不仅有效地提高了模型匹配的效率,而且能够有效地识别同一类模型的结构特征,可以应用于进一步实现多组模型的协同分割与模型检索。     

匹配图像与3维模型特征点的真实感3维头重建

提出并实现一种基于两张正交图像和一个标准3维头模型,并利用2D图像特征点和3D模型特征点的匹配进行3维头模型重建的算法。首先,进行面部区域和头发区域的分割,利用色彩传递对输入图像进行颜色处理。对正面图像利用改进后的ASM（主动形状模型）模型进行特征点定位。改进局部最大曲率跟踪(LMCT)方法,更为鲁棒的定位了侧面特征点。在匹配图像特征点与标准3维头上预先定义的特征点的基础上,利用径向基函数进行标准头形变,获得特定人的3维头部形状模型。采用重建好的3维头作为桥梁,自动匹配输入图像,进行无缝纹理融合。最后,将所得纹理映射到形状模型上,获得对应输入图像的特定真实感3维头模型。     

一种用于智能车环境探测的立体视觉传感器

设计了应用于户外智能车环境感知的立体视觉系统,并提出了两种立体匹配算法,分别实现不同的功能.基于多特征提取的稀疏匹配算法首先通过图像局部增强处理减弱光照和场景变化的影响,然后在对极线引导和连续性约束下提取立体图像的角点特征和边缘特征进行匹配,能够实时探测环境的三维概貌,并突出环境中的障碍物信息,实现辅助车辆自主导航的功能;基于特征引导的稠密匹配算法采用了最小割/最大流算法,并利用多特征匹配的结果来剔除稠密匹配中的成块误匹配,能够重建出未知环境详细的三维信息,实现三维可视化功能.最后通过试验验证了两种算法的有效性.     

非特征点双目测距技术研究

提出了一种局部稠密匹配与人工干预相结合的测距方案,利用非特征点与特征点的位置关系,构建“最小矩形”以缩小匹配范围,再应用NCC（归一化互相关）算法对非特征点进行稠密立体匹配,最后根据双目测距原理直接获取非特征点的距离信息。该方法能任意选取图像上的非特征点进行实时距离测量,具有精度高、速度快和操作性强等优点。     

Call for Papers The 6^th International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing

Recent years have seen rapid advances in various grid-related technologies, middleware, and applications. The GCC conference has become one of the largest scientific events worldwide in grid and cooperative computing. The 6th international conference on grid and cooperative computing (GCC2007) Sponsored by China Computer Federation (CCF),Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT) and Xinjiang University ,and in Cooperation with IEEE Computer Soceity ,is to be held from August 16 to 18, 2007 in Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

法律信息库系统

本文分析了法律数据库的结构和特点，介绍了采用面向对象设计方法和超文本数据库技术开发和实现法律信息库系统将作为重要网络资源之一为不同用户进行法律咨询服务。     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

International Journal of Automation and Computing Table of Contents

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Information for authors

正SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences(Sci China Inf Sci),cosponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Natural Science Foundation of China,and published by Science China Press,is committed to publishing highquality,original results of both basic and applied research in all areas of information sciences,including computer science and technology;systems science,control science and engineering(published in Issues with odd numbers);information and communication engineering;electronic science and technology(published in Issues with even numbers).Sci China Inf Sci is published monthly in both print and electronic forms.It is indexed by Academic OneFile,Astrophysics Data System(ADS),CSA,Cabells,Current Contents/Engineering,Computing and Technology,DBLP,Digital Mathematics Registry,Earthquake Engineering Abstracts,Engineering Index,Engineered Materials Abstracts,Gale,Google,INSPEC,Journal Citation Reports/Science Edition,Mathematical Reviews,OCLC,ProQuest,SCOPUS,Science Citation Index Expanded,Summon by Serial Solutions,VINITI,Zentralblatt MATH.     

Erratum to: Fast global kernel fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm for consonant/vowel segmentation of speech signal

正Erratum to:J Zhejiang Univ-Sci C(ComputElectron)2014 15(7):551-563doi:10.1631/jzus.C1300320The original version of this article unfortunately contained mistakes.Algorithm 6 should be as follows:Algorithm 6 FGKFCM-F clustering Input:(1)X={x_1,x_2,…,x_N},,x_iR~d,i=1,2,…,N,the dataset;(2)C,1C≤N,the number of clusters;(3)ε0,the stopping criterion;     

Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE C (Computers & Electronics) Total contents

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A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.