基于UKF滤波的WSN节点定位研究

无迹卡尔曼滤波(UKF)模拟系统的后验概率密度函数,避免了扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)中引入的较大线性化误差的缺陷.本文提出了一种基于加权最小二乘法(WLSE)和UKF的无线传感器网络(WSN)节点定位算法.算法采用TOF测距技术测量未知节点到信标节点的距离,利用加权最小二乘法估算未知节点的初始位置,并采用UKF滤波对节点进行精确定位,同时与EKF滤波结果进行比较.相关分析结果表明,算法在TOF测距基础上,将加权最小二乘法和UKF滤波结合,可以较大提高节点的定位精度.     

基于最优信标节点的无线传感器网络质心定位算法

针对无线传感器网络(WSN)质心定位(CL)算法精度不高的问题,提出了一种基于最优信标节点的质心定位(OBCL)算法.OBCL算法采用了4个移动信标节点,首先,对移动信标节点的路径进行规划;然后,未知节点根据集合偏移度(SDD)从候选信标节点集合中选出最优信标节点来进行位置估计;其次,为了解决信标节点不足导致无法定位的问题,引入角色转变机制,未知节点在完成定位之后成为准信标节点来进行辅助定位;最后,为了保证网络中所有节点能够完成定位,在完成初次定位之后,需要进行重定位过程.仿真实验结果表明,与CL、基于加权的质心定位(WCL)、利用接收信号强度加权的质心定位(RR-WCL)这3种算法相比,OBCL算法的平均定位误差分别降低了67.7%、39.2%、24.4%.由于OBCL算法只需要4个移动信标节点就能达到较好的定位效果,因此适合应用于对网络成本低、定位精度要求高的场景.     

WSN中移动信标辅助的加权质心定位算法

质心算法是一种简单易实现的节点定位方法,但是它的定位精度多依赖于网络中信标节点的密度和分布。针对质心算法这一缺陷,本文提出了一种移动信标节点辅助的加权质心定位算法(MBAWCL)。该算法采用一个飞行的移动信标节点在网络部署区域上空按照设定的路径移动并周期性的广播自己的位置信息;未知节点对所接收信标信号采取一定的筛选机制存储信标信号,然后利用加权质心(WCL)方法计算自己的位置。实验测试证明该算法可以提高节点的定位精度,降低定位成本,提高定位效率。     

无线传感器网络中基于能量级加权的质心定位算法

针对无线传感器网络的内在特点以及传统质心定位方法的局限性,提出一种基于能量级加权的质心定位算法——PWC定位算法.它完全基于网络连通性,采用信标节点的能量级信息作为加权因子计算未知节点位置,体现了不同信标节点对质心计算结果的影响.仿真结果表明,该算法减小了平均定位误差,是一种适合大规模传感器网络应用的节点定位算法.     

传感器网络基于移动信标改进的DV-Hop定位算法

无线传感器网络节点定位算法的精度多依赖于信标节点的密度,但信标节点成本高,约为普通节点的100倍以上,为了降低定位的成本,提出了一种基于移动信标和DV-Hop的无线传感器网络节点定位算法(MBWDV-Hop)。该算法在DV-Hop定位算法的基础上,利用一个移动的信标节点在网络中按预定的路径移动并不断地广播自己的位置信息,形成多个虚拟信标,未知节点记录到每个虚拟信标的跳数,并采用加权处理的方法计算平均跳距及其与各虚拟信标的距离,最后利用三边测量法计算未知节点的位置信息,实现节点精确定位。由于只采用一个移动信标,降低了定位的成本和布网的复杂度。最后通过仿真证明算法可以提高定位精度,降低定位成本,提高了定位的效率。     

基于加权质心的无线传感器网络移动节点定位算法

提出一种基于加权质心的无线传感器网络移动节点定位算法(WCentriod-M),使其较好地适用于无线传感器网络移动节点定位。算法将采样时间分成若干个时间窗,在节点运动时维护一个过去记录,基于这些历史记录来选择信标节点。利用未知节点接受到的信标节点信号强度的比值作为加权因子,在定位的过程中考虑信标节点的权重。仿真实验表明,该算法具有计算简单、节点能量消耗小、定位精度较高等特点。     

DV-Hop算法定位误差和覆盖率的改进

通过分析免测距的DV-Hop算法在定位精度及覆盖率方面的不足,提出一种改进的DV-Hop定位算法。规定只有在限定跳数内的信标节点信息才能被未知节点接收,并只有通过共线性检查证明信标节点的有效性,且有效信标节点数大于等于3时才能参与定位,分别用最小均方误差准则、归一化加权和总体最小二乘法(TLS)进行定位,然后升级已定位出的未知节点为信标节点,与最初的信标节点共同来定位其他未知节点。仿真结果表明相对于传统算法及现有的一种改进算法,本改进算法的定位精度和覆盖率有明显提高。     

基于多信标的无线传感器网络节点定位算法

基于信标的节点定位算法是无线传感器网络领域的一大研究热点;对于圆周型分布的信标组,发现最优的信标个数为5,且1个位于圆心,其余4个均匀分布在圆周上;针对矩形ROI,利用信标组可定位区域为正方形的优势,将整个网络划分为栅格,采用旅行商算法获取信标的最优移动路径;基于五信标节点定位模型提出一种新颖的区域分割质心定位算法(RDCLA),通过3组RSSI值比较,将节点锁定到某个三角形区域内,采用质心算法定位节点;该算法原理简单,计算复杂度低,与网络拓扑结构无关;仿真结果表明,较之TCLA和WCLA定位精度有较大的提升,且适用于各种规模的无线传感器网络.     

无线传感器网络中基于RSSI的改进加权质心定位算法

针对基于无线传感器网络的节点定位问题,提出一种基于接收信号强度(RSSI)的改进加权质心定位算法。该算法首先采用高斯理论模型过滤RSSI值,再运用校正RSSI测距技术测量节点之间的距离,并优选信标节点,最后用改进加权质心算法进行定位。实验结果表明:改进后的算法相比于传统的质心定位算法,能够实现更好的定位效果。该算法充分利用了RSSI数据,避免了信息的淹没,能够较好地满足低功耗与低成本的要求。     

WSNs中一种基于移动信标检测的定位算法

信标节点在无线传感器网络(WSNs)定位技术中起着重要的作用,它作为参考节点决定着被定位目标的位置。在WSNs的实际环境应用中,信标节点可能会因为各种原因发生移动成为不可靠的信标节点,此时依赖不可靠信标节点来定位的未知节点将可能产生较大的定位误差,甚至失去了利用价值。针对信标节点发生移动的问题,提出了一种定位前期的基于可用信标的移动信标检测(BAB—BMD)方案。在节点定位之前,对定位节点收到的所有信标进行检测,并对移动信标重定位计算其可靠度。然后,依据信标可靠度选择可用信标节点进行定位,即基于可用信标的信标择优(BAB—BOS)算法。实验结果表明:BABBMD具有较好的检测准确度,同时采用BAB—BOS定位算法定位准确度要高于未进行移动信标检测的定位准确度和丢弃移动信标的定位准确度。     

Call for Papers The 6^th International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing

Recent years have seen rapid advances in various grid-related technologies, middleware, and applications. The GCC conference has become one of the largest scientific events worldwide in grid and cooperative computing. The 6th international conference on grid and cooperative computing (GCC2007) Sponsored by China Computer Federation (CCF),Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT) and Xinjiang University ,and in Cooperation with IEEE Computer Soceity ,is to be held from August 16 to 18, 2007 in Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

法律信息库系统

本文分析了法律数据库的结构和特点，介绍了采用面向对象设计方法和超文本数据库技术开发和实现法律信息库系统将作为重要网络资源之一为不同用户进行法律咨询服务。     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

International Journal of Automation and Computing Table of Contents

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Information for authors

正SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences(Sci China Inf Sci),cosponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Natural Science Foundation of China,and published by Science China Press,is committed to publishing highquality,original results of both basic and applied research in all areas of information sciences,including computer science and technology;systems science,control science and engineering(published in Issues with odd numbers);information and communication engineering;electronic science and technology(published in Issues with even numbers).Sci China Inf Sci is published monthly in both print and electronic forms.It is indexed by Academic OneFile,Astrophysics Data System(ADS),CSA,Cabells,Current Contents/Engineering,Computing and Technology,DBLP,Digital Mathematics Registry,Earthquake Engineering Abstracts,Engineering Index,Engineered Materials Abstracts,Gale,Google,INSPEC,Journal Citation Reports/Science Edition,Mathematical Reviews,OCLC,ProQuest,SCOPUS,Science Citation Index Expanded,Summon by Serial Solutions,VINITI,Zentralblatt MATH.     

Erratum to: Fast global kernel fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm for consonant/vowel segmentation of speech signal

正Erratum to:J Zhejiang Univ-Sci C(ComputElectron)2014 15(7):551-563doi:10.1631/jzus.C1300320The original version of this article unfortunately contained mistakes.Algorithm 6 should be as follows:Algorithm 6 FGKFCM-F clustering Input:(1)X={x_1,x_2,…,x_N},,x_iR~d,i=1,2,…,N,the dataset;(2)C,1C≤N,the number of clusters;(3)ε0,the stopping criterion;     

Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE C (Computers & Electronics) Total contents

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A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.