复杂环境下基于信息融合的视频实时抠像算法

针对复杂场景下传统的视频抠像算法对目标物体与背景纹理相似或边界不清晰的图像分割困难的问题,提出了一种基于视觉传感器和激光雷达信息相融合的视频实时抠像算法。该算法从原始激光雷达点云数据中获取感兴趣区域深度信息,并作为先验知识融合到改进的谱抠图算法,创建感兴趣区域深度抠图拉普拉斯矩阵,通过聚类算法最优迭代得出抠像结果,并运用导向滤波器对抠像结果进行后处理。实验证明,对比于融合深度信息的传统算法和没有融合其他信息的算法,该算法降低了欠分割率、提高了运行效率,抠像目标的边缘信息也更加饱满、清晰、平滑。     

一种将羽毛球比赛的2D视频转换到3D视频的算法

文中提出一种羽毛球比赛的2D视频转换到3D视频的算法。在这类视频中,前景是最受关注的部分,准确地从背景中提取出前景对象是获取深度图的关键。文中采用一种改进的图割算法来获取前景,并根据场景结构构建背景深度模型,获取背景深度图;在背景深度图的基础上,根据前景与镜头之间的距离关系为前景对象进行深度赋值,从而得到前景深度图。然后,融合背景深度图和前景深度图,得到完整的深度图。最后,通过基于深度图像的虚拟视点绘制技术DIBR来获取用于3D显示的立体图像对。实验结果表明,最终生成的立体图像对具有较好的3D效果。     

单幅图像多尺度小波深度提取算法

针对浅景深图像中平滑前景区域深度提取误差大的问题,基于像素点分类思想对深度值进行修正,提出一种基于多尺度小波线索的、可同时面向单幅浅景深图像和广角图像的深度图提取算法.首先使用小波分析法在多个尺度下提取图像深度信息;然后提出自适应分类法并根据尺度与深度变化规律对像素点做深度修正,得到深度图;最后结合区域生长与边缘分割算法对深度图进行区域优化.为了加快深度计算,还提出了快速zerocount法以及多尺度加速法来满足标清视频实时处理要求.实验结果证明,采用文中算法获得的深度图相对深度正确,前景和背景区域深度一致性好.     

结合彩色图像局部分割的Kinect深度图修复算法

针对Kinect深度图存在的大量空洞和噪声,提出一种结合彩色图像局部分割的深度图修复算法。首先,利用区域连通性对空洞区域进行分析和标记;其次,根据空洞区域领域的深度直方图峰值数目判断空洞区域类型;再次,分割膨胀区域对应的彩色区域,获取空洞像素所在分割区域与其领域的交域(有效支撑区域),利用交域内的有效深度信息计算空洞像素;最后,利用引导滤波对深度图进行平滑、去噪。实验结果表明,经该算法处理后的深度图边缘细节更加清晰,具备微小梯度不变性,且测量精确度更高。     

基于模糊估计融合显著性检测的自动抠图算法

提出了一种新的自动抠图算法框架。首先,估计输入图像各个区域的模糊程度;其次,对图像进行显著性的计算;然后融合模糊度和显著性信息,大致分割出前景和背景,从而自动生成标注前景、背景、未知区域的三色图;最后,采用基于采样的抠图算法就可以准确地完成前景目标物体的自动抠图。该算法无须人工辅助或附加信息。在标准数据集和实拍图像上的实验结果证明了该算法的准确性和实用性,可广泛应用于图像和视频的编辑合成。     

基于局部抠像技术的融合图像精确跟踪算法

为了提高跟踪精度,提出一种基于局部抠像的融合图像全自动精确跟踪算法。首先采用帧间差分法获取运动目标的大致区域,并自动生成局部抠像框,由此采集目标、背景代表颜色集合;在此基础上自动生成抠像所需的草图,实现对目标的抠像;最后对抠像产生的前景映射图进行边缘检测即可获取精确的目标轮廓,并可根据跟踪结果对模型进行更新。对于实验的图像序列,与目标实际中心相比较,抠像跟踪误差均值为0.9像素,传统均值漂移跟踪误差均值为5.2像素。实验结果表明,该方法跟踪结果能完整、清晰地表示目标轮廓,很好地解决了跟踪中的漂移问题,提升了跟踪精度     

基于轮廓的kinect深度图像的空洞填补

针对Kinect获得深度图噪声的特点,以及现有去噪算法存在的问题,提出一种基于轮廓的自适应非对称高斯滤波方法。该方法针对Kinect能够同时获得深度图像和彩色图像的特点,利用彩色图找到场景中物体的轮廓;在对深度图进行填补时,利用轮廓选取合适的有效点;选取的有效点是非对称的,所以需要改变高斯滤波的对称性;另外,改变高斯滤波的尺度,使其随着被填补区域深度值的变化而变化,使得高斯滤波具有自适应特性。通过实验对比,表明该方法能准确地填补深度图的空洞,同时还能很好地保护图像中边缘信息。     

纹理边缘引导的深度图像超分辨率重建

目的 深度图像作为一种普遍的3维场景信息表达方式在立体视觉领域有着广泛的应用。Kinect深度相机能够实时获取场景的深度图像,但由于内部硬件的限制和外界因素的干扰,获取的深度图像存在分辨率低、边缘不准确的问题,无法满足实际应用的需要。为此提出了一种基于彩色图像边缘引导的Kinect深度图像超分辨率重建算法。方法 首先对深度图像进行初始化上采样,并提取初始化深度图像的边缘;进一步利用高分辨率彩色图像和深度图像的相似性,采用基于结构化学习的边缘检测方法提取深度图的正确边缘;最后找出初始化深度图的错误边缘和深度图正确边缘之间的不可靠区域,采用边缘对齐的策略对不可靠区域进行插值填充。结果 在NYU2数据集上进行实验,与8种最新的深度图像超分辨率重建算法作比较,用重建之后的深度图像和3维重建的点云效果进行验证。实验结果表明本文算法在提高深度图像的分辨率的同时,能有效修正上采样后深度图像的边缘,使深度边缘与纹理边缘对齐,也能抑制上采样算法带来的边缘模糊现象;3维点云效果显示,本文算法能准确区分场景中的前景和背景,应用于3维重建等应用能取得较其他算法更好的效果。结论 本文算法普遍适用于Kinect深度图像的超分辨率重建问题,该算法结合同场景彩色图像与深度图像的相似性,利用纹理边缘引导深度图像的超分辨率重建,可以得到较好的重建结果。     

DMDVC中基于可靠性评估的边信息融合算法

边信息质量是影响基于深度图的多视点分布式视频编码(DMDVC)系统压缩效率的关键因素之一。为了充分利用时域边信息、空域边信息及深度图来提升DMDVC系统的边信息质量,提出一种基于可靠性评估的融合算法。首先采用运动补偿时域内插(MCTI)算法生成时域边信息,然后采用基于深度图的视点绘制(DIBR)技术生成空域边信息。针对场景中物体快速运动会影响时域边信息质量以及利用DIBR技术生成空域边信息时会产生空洞等问题,有选择地对时域边信息的运动剧烈区域或空域边信息的空洞及边缘区域进行修正。实验结果表明,该算法可以有效地融合时域边信息和空域边信息,较参考文献[4]的融合算法最高可提升5.6 d B。     

一种基于边缘特征二值化的抠像算法

针对虚拟演播室中的抠像技术进行研究,提出了一种基于边缘特征二值化的虚拟演播室抠像算法.该算法从图像处理的角度.采用基于边缘特征的图像二值化方法以及二值图像处理的有关算法来进行视频对象的提取.实验结果表明,该算法可以有效实现对复杂背景下前景目标的提取.     

Call for Papers The 6^th International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing

Recent years have seen rapid advances in various grid-related technologies, middleware, and applications. The GCC conference has become one of the largest scientific events worldwide in grid and cooperative computing. The 6th international conference on grid and cooperative computing (GCC2007) Sponsored by China Computer Federation (CCF),Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT) and Xinjiang University ,and in Cooperation with IEEE Computer Soceity ,is to be held from August 16 to 18, 2007 in Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

法律信息库系统

本文分析了法律数据库的结构和特点，介绍了采用面向对象设计方法和超文本数据库技术开发和实现法律信息库系统将作为重要网络资源之一为不同用户进行法律咨询服务。     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

International Journal of Automation and Computing Table of Contents

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Information for authors

正SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences(Sci China Inf Sci),cosponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Natural Science Foundation of China,and published by Science China Press,is committed to publishing highquality,original results of both basic and applied research in all areas of information sciences,including computer science and technology;systems science,control science and engineering(published in Issues with odd numbers);information and communication engineering;electronic science and technology(published in Issues with even numbers).Sci China Inf Sci is published monthly in both print and electronic forms.It is indexed by Academic OneFile,Astrophysics Data System(ADS),CSA,Cabells,Current Contents/Engineering,Computing and Technology,DBLP,Digital Mathematics Registry,Earthquake Engineering Abstracts,Engineering Index,Engineered Materials Abstracts,Gale,Google,INSPEC,Journal Citation Reports/Science Edition,Mathematical Reviews,OCLC,ProQuest,SCOPUS,Science Citation Index Expanded,Summon by Serial Solutions,VINITI,Zentralblatt MATH.     

Erratum to: Fast global kernel fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm for consonant/vowel segmentation of speech signal

正Erratum to:J Zhejiang Univ-Sci C(ComputElectron)2014 15(7):551-563doi:10.1631/jzus.C1300320The original version of this article unfortunately contained mistakes.Algorithm 6 should be as follows:Algorithm 6 FGKFCM-F clustering Input:(1)X={x_1,x_2,…,x_N},,x_iR~d,i=1,2,…,N,the dataset;(2)C,1C≤N,the number of clusters;(3)ε0,the stopping criterion;     

Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE C (Computers & Electronics) Total contents

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A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.