基于自适应遗传算法的交通信号配时优化

研究城市交通信号设置问题中对单交叉口多相位交通流建立了动态信号配时模型,以交叉口车辆平均延误最小为控制目标,以相位绿灯时间和周期时长为控制变量,并运用自适应遗传算法对控制变量进行优化.根据实时交通流数据,通过MATLAB平台进行仿真.结果表明,自适应遗传算法能够有效降低车辆平均延误,在优化过程中比简单遗传算法具有更好的搜索能力和解质量,其良好的优化性能有助于优良配时方案的产生,同时也提高了交通分配模型的实用价值.     

SAGACIA 算法改进及其不对称交通信号配时优化

针对城市交叉路口交通流量不对称,对称的信号配时易发生交通流量大的方向发生拥堵的情况,采用借相位放行方式设置交叉口的不对称相位,以交叉口车辆平均延误最小为控制目标,应用改进SAGACIA 算法对各相位绿灯时间和周期时长进行优化。根据获得的交叉口交通流数据,通过Matlab编程仿真。仿真结果表明,改进SAGACIA算法能够有效降低车辆平均延误,并与遗传算法进行了对比,SAGACIA算法改进后具有更好的搜索能力和搜索精度,有助于获得较优绿时配时方案。     

单点交通信号控制系统的优化设计与仿真

针对城市固定相序的单点交叉口多相位交通信号进行控制,设计了基于车流量预测的动态调整相位最大绿灯时间的模糊控制系统。综合评估当前相位、后续相位的交通需求度,以此决定绿灯时间分配。系统采用遗传算法对模糊隶属度函数进行优化调整,使隶属函数的选取更为合理,随交通状况的改变自适应地调整。仿真结果表明,该方法能有效降低通行车辆在交叉口的平均等待时间,提高平均车流速度,控制效果明显优于传统控制方法。     

基于动态遗传算法的网格计算任务调度

针对网格任务调度的动态特性,提出一种改进的遗传算法——动态遗传算法(DGA),设计了新的编码机制和适应度函数,以及相应的选择、交叉和变异算子。根据网格系统各服务节点的计算能力、负载及网络状态进行动态调度,不仅使总的完成时间最短,尽量使主机的空闲时间最短,同时满足每个任务的截止时间的要求。在OPNET环境中构建了一个局部网格仿真模型,对所提出的动态遗传算法进行了仿真实验,并与其他常见网格任务调度算法进行了对比,结果表明动态遗传算法具有很好的优化能力,提供了较好的服务质量。     

单点交通信号控制系统的优化设计

针对城市固定相序的单路口多相位交通信号进行控制,本文设计了基于车流量预测的动态调整相位最大绿灯时间的模糊控制系统。综合考虑当前相位、后续相位的交通需求度,以此决定绿灯时间分配。通过模拟交通指挥者实际进行交通控制,实时根据各相位车辆的多少进行信号的智能控制。采用遗传算法对模糊隶属度函数进行优化调整,使隶属函数的选取更为合理,随交通状况的改变自适应地调整。仿真结果表明,该方法能有效降低通行车辆在交叉口的平均等待时间,明显优于传统控制方法,并且能更有效地处理随机性较大、不确定性较强的交通流。     

量子遗传算法在TSP中的应用

本文提出了一种改进的量子遗传算法,其核心是对量子遗传算法中的量子旋转门的调整策略进行改进。在现有的静态、指数型动态调整策略的基础上提出了基于正弦函数的动态调整策略。文中对旅行商问题（TSP）的仿真实验结果表明：改进后的算法的优化质量和效率都优于遗传算法和一般量子遗传算法。     

基于改进动态规划的无人机搜寻航迹规划研究

针对传统动态规划算法在无人机航迹规划中存在耗时长以及冗余节点的问题,提出了一种基于多阶段决策的改进动态规划算法。在单向动态规划算法中加入双向策略,结合顺序法和逆序法以减少搜寻空间的状态总数;利用区间单调性和四边形不等式进一步减少每次决策涉及的状态点,得到优化后的状态转移方程,降低了搜寻的时间复杂度。最后,对改进动态规划算法与遗传算法、传统动态规划算法进行了数值仿真,结果表明,改进动态规划算法规划节点更少、计算时间更短。研究结果为无人机航迹规划的优化方案提供了一种解决方法。     

基于改进遗传算法的动态交通分配优化研究

传统的优化算法大多数由于计算量大或者容易使性能指标落入局部最优值而严重制约了模型的应用与发展,而用遗传算法等新的智能算法求解则会很简洁和方便。文章针对遗传算法在应用中存在的局限性,采用了小生境技术的遗传算法,结合精英保留策略、种群多样性保持方案、新的适应度值标定方式等改进遗传算法。通过对动态交通分配的特点分析,建立了动态交通分配模型,利用改进的遗传算法对模型进行求解。仿真结果体现了动态交通分配模型的有效性和改进遗传算法的优越性,大大提高了动态交通分配模型的实用价值。     

基于遗传算法的飞机大修总装工作流程优化

将遗传算法应用于飞机大修总装工作流程优化中。以完成时间最短为目标,建立总装工作流程优化模型;综合“工序重置法”和罚函数法,满足总装工作中的工序和人员约束条件;采用改进的最优保存策略对基本遗传算法作进一步改进。仿真结果表明,改进的遗传算法的最优解搜索能力较基本遗传算法有明显提高,验证了GA在解决定检离位工作流程优化问题上的适用性。     

信号相关的串扰优化详细布线

针对超深亚微米IC布线设计中的串扰问题,提出基于改进遗传算法的串扰优化的详细布线方法．该方法同时考虑了产生串扰的动态和静态的因素,能够更加准确地反映线间串扰的情况,为布线的调整提供更大的余地．实验证明,该方法不但比现有的方法能更好地减少线间串扰,而且改进的遗传算法能显著地减少繁衍代数和运算时间。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate