一种基于复合问题的三方密钥交换协议

为了保证网络环境的安全通信,三方密钥交换协议得到广泛关注。结合对称加密算法、异或运算,将口令与身份进行简单复合,提出了一种三方密钥交换协议。该协议具有前向安全性,并能抵抗在线字典攻击、假冒攻击等。     

强安全三方认证密钥交换协议

针对现有的三方认证密钥交换协议缺乏严格安全证明的问题,研究三方密钥交换协议的安全模型。将两方认证密钥交换协议的强安全模型eCK模型推广至三方,同时考虑内部人攻击,定义强三方认证密钥交换协议安全模型,提出一个具体三方认证密钥交换协议并给出其在强安全模型中的安全性证明。     

一种改进的三方认证密钥协商协议

针对三方认证密钥协商协议容易遭受假冒攻击和中间人攻击的缺点,提出一种基于身份的三方认证密钥协商改进协议.该协议综合运用基于身份的密码学、椭圆曲线密码学和哈希函数技术建立用户之间的认证关系,以抵抗假冒攻击和重放攻击.分析结果表明,该协议基于CDH假设是可证安全的,与Tan改进协议相比,效率较高.     

基于口令的三方认证密钥交换协议

传统的三方认证密钥交换协议不具备前向安全性,难以抵抗不可察觉在线字典攻击。为此,研究简单三方口令认证密钥交换协议,分析其存在的安全漏洞并加以改进,提出一种基于口令的三方认证密钥交换协议。分析结果表明,与其他协议相比,该协议的执行效率和安全性较高。     

一种三方认证密钥协商协议的分析与改进

大多数三方认证密钥协商协议不能抵抗中间人攻击。为此,对Tan提出的三方认证密钥协商协议(Journal of Communications, 2010, No.5)进行分析,证明其不能抵抗发起者假冒攻击、响应者假冒攻击及中间人攻击,并利用单向哈希函数和椭圆曲线密码学技术对协议进行改进。理论分析与形式化证明结果表明,改进协议继承了原协议的安全性,并能抵抗假冒攻击及中间人攻击。     

基于双因子认证的三方密钥协商协议

针对三方密钥协议中的在线不可检测词典攻击、假冒攻击问题,基于用户身份、口令,结合单向陷门函数,提出了基于双因子认证的三方密钥协商协议。该协议具有前向安全,能抵抗在线不可检测词典攻击、假冒攻击。密钥协商过程中使用了非对称加密、单向陷门函数,有效保证了通信双方的安全性。     

基于验证元的三方密钥交换协议的分析和改进

对现有的一个典型的基于验证元的三方密钥交换协议——ZZJ协议进行分析,指出它的不安全性。在此基础上针对现有的大多数基于验证元的3PAKE协议均难以抵御服务器密钥泄露攻击的现状,提出一个新的基于验证元的三方密钥交换协议——NZZJ协议。通过安全性分析,证明该协议能够抵御服务器密钥泄露攻击、未知密钥共享和内部人攻击等常见的安全威胁。     

基于RLWE的双因子三方认证密钥交换协议

为了使格上Diffie-Hellman式密钥交换协议能够实现认证性并且适用于客户-服务器-客户模式的大规模通信,提出了一个基于环上误差学习RLWE的双因子三方认证密钥交换协议。该协议将口令和生物特征作为客户的长期密钥,实现服务器对客户的显式身份认证。首先利用环上误差学习的困难问题的优势（密钥及密文尺寸短、运行效率高）来构造密码体制;其次服务器通过口令和生物特征的哈希值传递环元素,并结合丁式错误协调机制使得通信方获得随机均匀的会话密钥。最后分析表明,该协议适用于大规模通信,提高了通信量,具有更高的安全属性,可以抵抗口令泄露用户假冒攻击。     

对两个口令认证密钥交换协议的安全性分析

口令认证密钥交换协议使得仅共享低熵口令的用户可以通过不安全的信道安全地协商出高熵的会话密钥,由于实用性较强受到了密码学研究者的广泛关注。对最近在“标准模型下高效的基于口令认证密钥协商协议”一文中提出的协议以及在“基于验证元的三方口令认证密钥交换协议”一文中提出的协议进行了分析,指出这两个口令认证密钥交换协议都是不安全的,难于抵抗离线字典攻击,进一步分析了原协议设计或安全性证明中被疏忽之处。     

一个强安全性的三方密钥交换协议

先对一个基于验证元的三方密钥交换协议进行安全性分析,指出其容易受到服务器泄露攻击等安全威胁,并以此为基础提出一个改进的密钥交换协议。通过安全性分析,证明该协议能够抵御服务器密钥泄露攻击﹑离线字典攻击等各种已知的攻击,且与其他同类协议相比,新协议具有较高的效率。     

基于身份的增强三方认证密钥协商协议

现有的三方认证密钥协商协议安全性低且计算开销较大,提出一种基于身份的增强三方认证密钥协商协议。新协议在实现密钥协商基本安全属性的同时,利用短签名和时间戳技术进一步提高安全性。分析表明,增强协议能满足现有已知的三方密钥协商安全属性,且仅需两次双线性对运算,计算开销更低。此外,提出更强的抗密钥泄露伪装属性,首次指出陈浩等人以及陈家琪等人方案存在重大缺陷。     

Efficient and secure three-party authenticated key exchange protocol for mobile environments

Yang and Chang (2009) proposed a three-party authenticated key exchange protocol for securing communications in mobile-commerce environments. Their protocol reduces computation and communication costs by employing elliptic curve cryptosystems. However, Tan (2010) pointed out that Yang and Chang (2009)’s protocol cannot withstand impersonation and parallel attacks, and further proposed an enhanced protocol to resist these attacks. This paper demonstrates that Tan (2010)’s approach still suffers from impersonation attacks, and presents an efficient and secure three-party authenticated key exchange protocol to overcome shown weaknesses.     

Two improved two-party identity-based authenticated key agreement protocols

Many authenticated key agreement protocols based on identity information were published in recent years. Hsieh et al. presented their protocol in 2002. However, Tseng et al. found a flaw in the protocol which resulted in a key compromise impersonation attack. Later, Tseng proposed his protocol conforming which conforms to all desirable security properties and is efficient. In this paper we propose two new two-party identity-based authenticated key agreement protocols. The first is based on Hsieh et al.'s protocol and makes it immune against Tseng et al.'s attack, while the second is an efficiently improved protocol based on Tseng's protocol.     

An anonymous mobile user authentication protocol using self-certified public keys based on multi-server architectures

As a smart phone becomes a daily necessity, mobile services are springing up. A mobile user should be authenticated and authorized before accessing these mobile services. Generally, mobile user authentication is a method which is used to validate the legitimacy of a mobile login user. As the rapid booming of computer networks, multi-server architecture has been pervasive in many network environments. Much recent research has been focused on proposing password-based remote user authentication protocols using smart cards for multi-server environments. To protect the privacy of users, many dynamic identity based remote user authentication protocols were proposed. In 2009, Hsiang and Shih claimed their protocol is efficient, secure, and suitable for the practical application environment. However, Sood et al. pointed out Hsiang et al.’s protocol is susceptible to replay attack, impersonation attack and stolen smart card attack. Moreover, the password change phase of Hsiang et al.’s protocol is incorrect. Thus, Sood et al. proposed an improved protocol claimed to be practical and computationally efficient. Nevertheless, Li et al. found that Sood et al.’s protocol is still vulnerable to leak-of-verifier attack, stolen smart card attack and impersonation attack and consequently proposed an improvement to remove the aforementioned weaknesses. In 2012, Liao et al. proposed a novel pairing-based remote user authentication protocol for multi-server environment, the scheme based on elliptic curve cryptosystem is more secure and efficient. However, through careful analyses, we find that Liao et al.’s protocol is still susceptible to the trace attack. Besides, Liao et al.’s protocol is inefficient since each service server has to update its ID table periodically. In this paper, we propose an improved protocol to solve these weaknesses. By enhancing the security, the improved protocol is well suited for the practical environment.     

基于无证书密码学的可认证三方密钥协商协议

为了使密钥协商协议能够抵抗主动攻击,提出了一个可认证的无证书三方密钥协商协议。首先分析现有密钥协商协议的特点,然后以无证书密码学理论为基础设计一个安全的三方密钥协商协议。该协议只需要一轮消息交换就可以建立起安全的三方会话密钥,有效地克服了密钥托管问题,提供完善的前向安全性。通过性能分析表明,该协议具有较高的安全性和运行效率。     

Analysis and improvement of an authenticated multiple key exchange protocol

In 2010, Vo et al. (2010) [7] proposed an enhancement of authenticated multiple key exchange protocol based on Lee et al.’s protocol. In this paper, we will show that Vo et al.’s multiple key exchange protocol cannot resist reflection attack. It means that their protocol fails to provide mutual authentication. Furthermore, we propose an improvement of Vo et al.’s protocol. Our proposed protocol with reflection attack resilience can really provide mutual authentication.     

一种新的双方认证密钥协商协议的安全性分析

2010年,Mohammad等人提出了一种新的双方认证密钥协商协议(MOHAMMAD Z, CHEN Y, HSU C, et al. Cryptanalysis and enhancement of two-pass authenticated key agreement with key confirmation protocols. IETE Technical Review, 2010,27(3):252-65)。新协议以较高的运算效率实现了参与者双方的身份认证和密钥协商。对该协议的单轮版本进行了安全性分析,通过模拟协议中某些信息丢失后协议双方的通信过程,发现如果协议中的一些秘密信息丢失,敌手可以发起信息泄露伪装攻击、密钥泄露伪装攻击和一般定义下的伪装攻击,也无法抵抗中间人攻击。这些攻击都可以使得敌手冒充合法参与者发起或回应会话。     

一种基于身份的密钥协商协议安全分析与改进

认证密钥协商是保证参与者后续通信安全的一种重要机制。2007年,J.Oh等人提出了一种新的利用椭圆曲线密码体制的基于身份的认证密钥协商协议,该协议最大的特点是可以通过一次会话密钥协商过程生成两个会话密钥。但研究发现,该协议不能抵抗基本的冒充攻击和密钥泄露冒充攻击,详细地描述了这两个安全弱点后提出了一种新的改进方法,并分析了新协议的安全性。     

A provably secure and efficient two‐party password‐based explicit authenticated key exchange protocol resistance to password guessing attacks

Password‐based two‐party authenticated key exchange (2PAKE) protocol enables two or more entities, who only share a low‐entropy password between them, to authenticate each other and establish a high‐entropy secret session key. Recently, Zheng et al. proposed a password‐based 2PAKE protocol based on bilinear pairings and claimed that their protocol is secure against the known security attacks. However, in this paper, we indicate that the protocol of Zheng et al. is insecure against the off‐line password guessing attack, which is a serious threat to such protocols. Consequently, we show that an attacker who obtained the users' password by applying the off‐line password guessing attack can easily obtain the secret session key. In addition, the protocol of Zheng et al. does not provide the forward secrecy of the session key. As a remedy, we also improve the protocol of Zheng et al. and prove the security of our enhanced protocol in the random oracle model. The simulation result shows that the execution time of our 2PAKE protocol is less compared with other existing protocols. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.