基于大数据的分布式光伏接入配电网影响分析与功率预测研究

为提高分布式光伏发电功率预测的精度,满足电网调度和规划的高精度要求,本文利用光伏运行、电能量采集、电网调度等业务系统的海量数据,利用大数据分析方法研究大量分布式光伏接入对配电网负荷特性的影响,并提出基于气象相似日和粒子群算法优化BP神经网络的光伏电站功率预测方法。通过分析光伏发电功率随天气类型、温度、光照强度等气象因素变化规律,运用模糊聚类算法计算确定待预测日的气象相似日序列,选取气象相似日历史数据作为BP神经网络预测模型的输入变量,并采用粒子群算法方法优化BP神经网络的初始值,最终输出分布式光伏各时段发电功率的预测值。实验结果表明该方法可有效提高光伏电站功率预测模型的收敛能力和学习能力,具有较高的预测精度。     

基于神经网络的油田光伏发电预测方法

针对油田大规模发展光伏发电时,电网输出功率不稳定的问题,提出了基于神经网络的油田光伏发电预测方法。首先,对光伏发电数据进行归一化和反归一化的预处理;其次,构建带有输入层、隐含层以及输出层的BP神经网络预测模型;最后,根据光伏发电数据的对比序列和参考序列得出每个时刻的光伏数据权重,根据权重提取数据并代入预测模型,实现油田光伏发电预测。结果表明,所提方法的预测精度较高。     

改进BP神经网络的光伏系统发电功率预测

为了提高光伏发电功率的预测精度,提出一种改进BP神经网络的光伏发电功率预测模型.首先采用包括室外温度、光照辐射量、风速等作为输入层节点,交流发电功率作为输出节点,引入RMSE作为衡量最优模型指标,确定了隐含层节点数,然后采用BP神经网络对其进行学习,并采用布谷鸟搜索算法对BP神经网络进行优化,最后采用仿真实验对其有效性进行测试.结果表明,改进神经网络提高了光伏发电功率预测精度,具有一定的推广价值.     

基于BP神经网络的太阳辐射度预测

太阳辐射预测准确,能够对光伏发电的输出功率做出较为准确的预测,将为电网的运行和控制提供重要参考依据。建立了一种用于预测太阳辐射的BP神经网络仿真模型,通过利用实际数据对该模型进行训练,实现了对未来太阳辐射的预测。     

改进的光伏发电系统MPPT预测算法的研究

在光伏发电效率预测的研究中,针对光伏供电系统受温度和光照变化影响大、太阳能利用效率低和最大功率点预测不准确等问题,提出一种改进的GA-BP神经网络的光伏系统MPPT预测算法,通过优化的BP神经网络训练光伏阵列实测数据,预测输出的最大功率.为提高算法预测精度,采用云模型云滴和遗传算法优化BP神经网络的初始权值和阀值,根据遗传算法收敛程度来调整云自适应交叉和变异算子.经Matlab仿真分析,在光照和温度变化时,改进的GA-BP神经网络比GA-BP神经网络和BP神经网络具有更好的预测效果.     

基于PSO-DE-BP的光伏发电功率短期预测

提高光伏发电功率预测精度对保障智能电网安全稳定运行有重要意义。针对传统BP神经网络存在预测精度不高且收敛速度慢的弊端,提出一种基于粒子群（PSO）差分进化（DE）并行计算优化BP神经网络的光伏发电短期预测方法。首先分析影响因素重要程度,通过带权重的欧式距离筛选相似的训练样本集。其次,对粒子群分组,通过粒子群和差分进化混合算法对粒子组内和组间优化,以保证种群多样性、提高预测稳定和精度、避免局部最优。然后,建立预测模型,通过基于spark的内存计算平台,将PSO-DE-BP算法并行优化以提高算法运行效率。最后,根据不同天气类型的预测结果对模型进行分析验证,此方法比PSO-BP、BP算法模型具有更高的稳定性和预测精度。     

改进神经网络模型在光伏发电预测中的应用

针对传统的BP神经网络模型在光伏发电功率预测中,存在着的预测精度不高、收敛速度较慢的弊端,本文提出一种改进型的BP神经网络模型,运用增加动量项以及自适应选取最佳隐含层的方法来改进传统BP模型的缺陷.文中首先进行了各类气象因素对于光伏发电功率输出影响的相关性分析,提取出最能影响光伏发电功率的6个气象因素,作为网络模型的输入,然后建立了改进型的BP网络模型,结合光伏功率输出的历史数据,来进行发电数据的直接预测;最后根据不同气候类型下的预测结果,分析并验证了采用该模型进行功率预测的可行性和有效性.     

基于优化BP神经网络光伏出力短期预测研究

太阳能拥有丰富的资源,而且分布广泛,现已被广泛应用到各种应用中,光伏发电已是一种可靠可行、可扩展的重要可再生能源利用的方式,因此对光伏出力进行精准的预测意义重大;从宁夏市某光伏发电站获得了一年的光伏发电数据与气象等因素,选取四月至五月的数据进行研究预测;针对BP神经网络的收敛时间长,容易陷入局部极小值等缺点;建立单一BP神经网络预测模型,基于遗传算法(GA)优化BP神经网络的GA-BP预测模型与基于狼群算法(WPA)优化的BP神经网络的WPA-BP预测模型;选择平均相对误差作为误差评估指标,结果表明,3种预测模型均能对光伏电站的发电功率进行预测,但是单一的BP神经网络模型误差较大,晴天时,误差为5.1%,经遗传算法改进后的预测误差为4.9%,较单一模型提高了0.2%的精度,而WPA-BP预测模型误差为4.4%,预测精度高于前者;同时多云天和雨天的时候,均为WPA-BP模型的预测误差小,稳定性高,具有一定的研究价值。     

计及光伏及风电并网的电力系统短期负荷预测

为提升光伏、风电等分布式能源大量接入电网后短期电力负荷的预测精度,促进电网消纳能力提升,本文对光伏出力及短期用电负荷采用小波——径向基函数(RBF)神经网络预测方法;对风力发电首先利用总体平均经验模态分解(EEMD)方法对其功率数据分解,再采用BP神经网络、RBF神经网络、小波神经网络、ELMAN神经网络四种神经网络预测方法进行预测,并用粒子群算法(PSO)和灰色关联度(GRA)修正。最后,利用等效负荷的概念,分析光伏、风力发电并网对于短期电力负荷预测的影响,并将三种模型有效结合,得到了考虑光伏及风力发电并网的电力系统短期负荷预测的等效负荷预测模型。实例分析表明,本文所提方法相较于其他方法在该预测项目上具有相对更高的预测精度。     

无功与谐波补偿检测的光伏并网仿真研究

研究了光伏电源并入配电网后对电能质量的影响.从理论上分析了对光伏并网发电系统进行无功补偿和消除配电网谐波的方法,利用瞬时无功功率理论检测系统无功及谐波电流,将无功和谐波补偿策略与光伏发电控制相结合.仿真结果表明,光伏电源并网能够较好地补偿系统无功和负载谐波,对提高负荷特性和电网的电能质量、减小电网电流谐波有显著的效果.     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate