基于语义的访问控制模型及其推理机制

对语义Web上资源进行访问要求授权决策充分考虑实体之间的语义关系,但传统的访问控制模型不能处理该问题。结合基于本体的语义描述技术和基于语义规则的推理机制,将不同的语义内部关系归纳为包含关系,提出一种面向语义Web的基于语义的访问控制模型,研究其语义授权推理机制,并提出一个推理实现系统。     

面向语义Web的基于语义和上下文的访问控制模型

对语义Web上资源的访问需要授权决策充分考虑其中实体之间的语义关系和上下文因素,而传统的访问控制模型不能处理这些问题。结合基于本体的语义描述技术和基于SWRL规则的推理机制,并将不同的语义关系归纳为一种包含关系,提出了一种面向语义Web的基于语义和上下文的访问控制（CSBAC）模型,并讨论了其语义授权推理、授权传播及冲突解决和实现架构。     

分布式环境下的访问控制

为适应分布式环境下的安全需求,提出了一种描述访问控制策略和判定访问请求的方法。采用类似于无函数的扩展逻辑程序的表示方法对安全访问策略进行描述,限定权限传播的深度,利用不同的优先次序定义了多种消解冲突的规则,并给出了类似扩展逻辑程序的回答集语义解释。结合确定性推理和可能性推理,描述了如何判定访问请求的算法。解决了3个问题：分布式授权、私有权限和冲突消解方法。     

同步协同应用访问控制

提出了一个同步协同访问控制结构、协同小组共有权限算法，应用规则资源编码方法进行动态信息的访问控制策略制定，解决了同步协同应用信息共享引起的非法访问问题、访问决策效率问题和协同动态信息访问控制问题。应用表明，同步协同应用访问控制结构能够减少访问控制通信量50%以上，共有权限算法和规则资源编码方法是实用的。     

多级环境下基于角色和本体的访问控制方法

为了解决多级环境中敏感资源的安全性问题,提出了多级环境下基于角色和本体的访问控制方法.通过使用本体等语义技术,构造了一个结合基于角色的访问控制和Bell-LaPadula (BLP)模型的访问控制模型.根据角色的继承关系推导用户及资源之间安全级别的高低关系,在为角色指派权限时按照BLP模型进行授权的限制.实验表明,该方法在保证多级安全特性的前提下实现了用户权限的自动分配,消除了角色权限继承带来的安全隐患,为多级环境下的访问控制提供了一种新的思路.     

基于角色的Web Services动态访问控制模型

已有模型对Web Services的访问控制多数是静态的、粗粒度的，不能满足动态的面向服务的Web Services环境。为此提出了一个基于角色的Web Services动态访问控制模型(RBDAC)，此模型可以根据用户访问时的上下文信息来激活角色分配和权限分配，并动态地做出访问控制决定。     

基于情境面向Web服务的软件安全中间件模型

针对动态、开放的环境,提出了一种基于情境面向Web服务的软件安全中间件模型.该模型通过定义策略规则,使Agent在不中断Web服务运行的情况下,动态调整用户的访问控制.通过对用户及Web服务的情境信息的收集和管理,使得Agent在决策用户的访问控制时,能够动态地适应环境变化.基于该软件安全中间件模型,提出了一种基于规则和本体的策略语言ReiC及其相应的混合推理机制,弥补了单一规则和本体在构建知识库方面能力的不足.     

基于环境属性的访问控制系统设计与实现

目前研究的访问控制机制大多将访问策略与主客体相关联,访问权限相对固定,但在实际应用中,访问控制权限需要根据服务环境变化而实时调整。为此,构建一种基于环境属性的访问控制模型,在Linux系统下设计并实现基于该模型的访问控制系统。在访问控制的判定过程中增加环境属性因素,实现根据环境属性动态调整访问控制权限。测试结果表明,该模型对系统开销少,不会降低Linux平台的正常运行效率,能有效提升系统的安全性和可用性。     

动态安全模型中基于代理的访问控制

随着信息系统复杂性不断增强,许多大型应用系统都具有动态性,但是传统的访问控制机制不能提供动态权限分配。该文提出一个实现动态安全策略的访问控制模型,在RBAC模型基础上通过代理动态地决定访问权限,代理根据抽象角色定义和上下文信息规则,通过推导模块得到用户的实际角色,阐述模型的组成并将它应用于一个项目管理系统中。结果表明,该模型比传统的访问控制模型更加高效、安全。     

云计算下基于用户行为信任的访问控制模型

针对当前云计算访问控制中角色不能随着时间动态改变的问题,提出了一种基于用户行为信任的云计算访问控制模型。该模型根据综合用户的直接和间接信任值得到的信任值确定其信任等级,激活其所对应的角色以及赋予该角色一定的访问权限,提供请求的资源,从而达到访问控制的目的;并给出了基本组成元素和实现过程。实验结果表明,所提出的访问控制模型能够提高用户行为信任值评估的客观性,能够抵抗各类非法用户访问云计算,增强了云计算中资源的安全性和可靠性。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate