分数阶奇异系统的Lie对称性与守恒量

对称性与守恒量可以简化动力学问题从而进一步求出力学系统的精确解,这样更加有利于研究动力学行为.分数阶模型相比于整数阶模型,能够描述复杂系统的动力学过程,因此在分数阶模型下研究对称性与守恒量是不可或缺的.首先介绍两个分数阶奇异系统,一个系统包含混合整数和Caputo分数阶导数,另一个系统仅含Caputo分数阶导数.由两个分数阶奇异系统分别给出两个分数阶固有约束,并给出对应的分数阶约束Hamilton方程.然后,基于微分方程在无限小变换下的不变性,给出了分数阶约束Hamilton方程Lie对称性的定义,导出了相应的确定方程,限制方程和附加限制方程.第三,建立并证明了两个分数阶约束Hamilton系统的Lie对称性定理,得到了相应的分数阶约束Hamilton系统的Lie守恒量.在特定条件下,本文所得结果可以退化为整数阶约束Hamilton系统的Lie守恒量.最后通过两个算例来说明此结果的应用.     

基于广义分数阶算子Birkhoff系统Noether定理

本文就广义分数阶导数算子,提出两个新的“变换公式”,将其应用于分数阶Birkhoff系统,并导出分数阶Birkhoff系统的Noether定理.这个定理提供了一个计算分数阶Birkhoff系统运动常数的方法,克服了先前文献研究分数阶动力学系统守恒量的一些缺陷,并在文末给出两个推论.     

关于Mei对称性与Noether对称性的关系—以Birkhoff系统为例

文章以Birkhoff系统为例研究Mei对称性与Noether对称性之间的关系.研究了基于无限小生成元向量作用下Birkhoff函数和Birkhoff函数组的变分问题,建立了该变分问题的Birkhoff方程与Noether对称性及其守恒量.研究表明:该变分问题得到的Birkhoff方程、Noether等式和Noether守恒量分别与经典Birkhoff系统Mei对称性的判据方程、结构方程和Mei守恒量完全一致.文末以著名的Emden方程等为例来说明结果的应用.     

时间尺度上约束Birkhoff系统的Noether对称性与守恒量

研究时间尺度上约束Birkhoff系统的Noether对称性.基于时间尺度上Pfaff Birkhoff原理,建立了时间尺度上带乘子形式的约束Birkhoff方程.〖JP2〗给出了时间尺度上的Noether等式,定义了时间尺度上约束Birkhoff系统Noether对称性.〖JP〗提出并证明了时间尺度上约束Birkhoff系统的Noether定理,该定理揭示了时间尺度上Noether对称性与守恒量之间的关系.给出定理的两个特例：时间尺度上Birkhoff系统和经典约束Birkhoff系统的Noether定理.文末给出算例以说明方法和结果的有效性.     

广义Chaplygin系统的形式不变性与Noether对称性

研究广义Chaplygin系统的形式不变性,利用广义Chaplygin方程在无限小变换下的变形形式,给出广义Chaplygin系统的形式不变性的定义和判据.给出了广义Chaplygin系统的Noether对称性判据,并研究形式不变性和Noether对称性的关系.结果表明形式不变性与Noether对称性是两种不同的对称性,广义Chaplygin方程的形式不变性有可能是Noether对称性,也可能不是Noether对称性.最后举例说明结果的应用.     

Birkhoff系统Noether逆定理的解法

研究Birkhoff系统Noether逆定理.提出对Birkhoff系统由已知的守恒量导出Noether对称性的一般解法,指出一般解法中的困难.通过引入守恒量和对称性直接相关的辅助方程,给出逆定理的特殊解法.举例说明了所得结果的应用.     

微扰Kepler系统的守恒量与对称性

用直接积分法和Noether法研究微扰Kepler系统的守恒量,都得到了一个不同于Hamilton函数的守恒量,此守恒量与Runge—Lenz矢量有相同的量纲,可以称其为“类Runge-Lenz矢量守恒量”．文中还讨论了守恒量的Noether对称性、Lie对称性与Mei对称性,结果表明：与守恒量相应的无限小变换同时是Noether对称变换、Lie对称变换和Mei对称变换．     

分数阶动力学的分析力学方法及其应用

综述我们在分数阶动力学分析力学方法的研究进展,包括：分数阶动力学系统的分析力学表示,构造分数阶动力学模型的分析力学方法,构造分数阶动力学模型团簇的分析力学方法,三类分数阶Lie群无限小变换方法,分数阶动力学系统的对称性、对称性摄动和共形不变性的分析力学方法,分数阶动力学系统的代数结构与Poisson积分的分析力学方法,构造分数阶动力学系统积分不变量的分析力学方法,分数阶动力学系统梯度表示的分析力学方法,分数阶动力学系统稳定性的分析力学方法,分数阶微分方程的分析力学方法等,介绍了对于物理学、力学、生物学、非线性科学等领域的10多种分数阶动力学模型的应用,并指出了若干进一步研究的问题.     

事件空间离散完整系统的Noether理论

研究差分离散变分原理和事件空间中离散完整系统的Noether理论. 运用差分离散变分方法,通过群的无限小变换,得到了事件空间中离散完整系统的差分离散变分原理,并建立了离散的运动方程. 得到了系统的Noether对称性的判据方程和Noether守恒量的形式以及其存在的条件. 举例说明结果的应用.     

广义分数阶混沌系统的动力学行为

利用最近提出的广义分数阶微积分算子,研究了一类新的带Caputo型导数的广义分数阶混沌系统.讨论了混沌性质对导数阶数与系统参数的依赖性,利用有限差分法对广义分数阶混沌系统进行数值模拟,结果显示广义分数阶系统不仅蕴含经典混沌系统的结果,还展现出其他的动力学行为.由于广义分数阶混沌系统统一了多个不同的系统,未来该领域有望获得更进一步的研究.     

Fractional differential approach to detecting textural features of digital image and its fractional differential filter implementation

This paper mainly discusses fractional differential approach to detecting textural features of digital image and its fractional differential filter. Firstly, both the geo- metric meaning and the kinetic physical meaning of fractional differential are clearly explained in view of information theory and kinetics, respectively. Secondly, it puts forward and discusses the definitions and theories of fractional stationary point, fractional equilibrium coefficient, fractional stable coefficient, and fractional grayscale co-occurrence matrix. At the same time, it particularly discusses frac- tional grayscale co-occurrence matrix approach to detecting textural features of digital image. Thirdly, it discusses in detail the structures and parameters of nxn any order fractional differential mask on negative x-coordinate, positive x-coordi- nate, negative y-coordinate, positive y-coordinate, left downward diagonal, left upward diagonal, right downward diagonal, and right upward diagonal, respectively. Furthermore, it discusses the numerical implementation algorithms of fractional differential mask for digital image. Lastly, based on the above-mentioned discus- sion, it puts forward and discusses the theory and implementation of fractional differential filter for digital image. Experiments show that the fractional differential-based image operator has excellent feedback for enhancing the textural details of rich-grained digital images.     

Fractional partial differential equation denoising models for texture image

In this paper,a set of fractional partial differential equations based on fractional total variation and fractional steepest descent approach are proposed to address the problem of traditional drawbacks of PM and ROF multi-scale denoising for texture image.By extending Green,Gauss,Stokes and Euler-Lagrange formulas to fractional field,we can find that the integer formulas are just their special case of fractional ones.In order to improve the denoising capability,we proposed 4 fractional partial differential equation based multiscale denoising models,and then discussed their stabilities and convergence rate.Theoretic deduction and experimental evaluation demonstrate the stability and astringency of fractional steepest descent approach,and fractional nonlinearly multi-scale denoising capability and best value of parameters are discussed also.The experiments results prove that the ability for preserving high-frequency edge and complex texture information of the proposed denoising models are obviously superior to traditional integral based algorithms,especially for texture detail rich images.     

分数阶系统的分数阶PID 控制器设计

对于一些复杂的实际系统,用分数阶微积分方程建模要比整数阶模型更简洁准确.分数阶微积分也为描述动态过程提供了一个很好的工具.对于分数阶模型需要提出相应的分数阶控制器来提高控制效果.本文针对分数阶受控对象,提出了一种分数阶PID控制器的设计方法.并用具体实例演示了对于分数阶系统模型,采用分数阶控制器比采用古典的PID控制器取得更好的效果.     

分数阶Hartley级数展开

论文在分数阶Hartley变换(FRHT)的基础上,提出了一种分数阶Hartley级数展开方法。这种新的展开方法可应用于任意中心频率的chirp类信号,克服了分数阶Hartley变换限制信号的中心频率必须等于特定值倍数的缺点。     

Research progress on discretization of fractional Fourier transform

As the fractional Fourier transform has attracted a considerable amount of attention in the area of optics and signal processing, the discretization of the fractional Fourier transform becomes vital for the application of the fractional Fourier transform. Since the discretization of the fractional Fourier transform cannot be obtained by directly sampling in time domain and the fractional Fourier domain, the discretization of the fractional Fourier transform has been investigated recently. A summary of discretizations of the fractional Fourier transform developed in the last nearly two decades is presented in this paper. The discretizations include sampling in the fractional Fourier domain, discrete-time fractional Fourier transform, fractional Fourier series, discrete fractional Fourier transform （including 3 main types： linear combination-type; sampling-type; and eigen decomposition-type）, and other discrete fractional signal transform. It is hoped to offer a doorstep for the readers who are interested in the fractional Fourier transform.     

分数阶系统状态空间描述的数值算法

利用Grünwald-Letnicov分数微积分定义计算分数微积分的数值解,计算精度仅为1阶,不能满足快速收敛性要求.给出并证明了分数阶微积分的高阶近似所应满足的条件,并在此基础上推导出分数阶线性定常系统状态空间描述的数值计算公式.本法不但公式简单易编程,而且具有计算精度高、运算速度快等优点.给出一个粘弹性动态系统的仿真实例,验证了其有效性.     

A novel approach for multi-scale texture segmentation based on fractional differential

In this paper, we intend to implement multi-scale texture segmentation by fractional differential. We propose two fractional differential masks and present the structures and parameters of each mask, respectively, on eight directions. Moreover, by theoretical and experimental analysis, we find the better performance fractional differential mask. Finally, we further discuss the capability of fractional differential for multi-scale texture segmentation. Experiments show that, for rich-grained digital images, the capability for multi-scale texture segmentation by fractional differential-based approach appears efficient.     

非整数阶系统连续时间域的模拟

提出了一种致力于非整数阶系统连续时间域的模拟方法.这种特殊系统的仿真建立在有限频率区间非整数阶积分算子的基础上,其非整数阶作用仅限于有限频率区域.然后,可以定义非整数阶模型的状态方程实现,它允许近似理想非整数阶系统的连续时间响应.最后,通过两个数字仿真例子来验证这种模拟方法.     

On fractional programming problems with absolute-value functions

Following some recent research about fractional programming problems with absolute-value functions, in this paper, we consider this class of optimization problems. In the related literature, there exists a famous transformation which is used to convert the above-mentioned nonsmooth fractional optimization problem into a smooth one. This work presents some conditions under which the considered nonsmooth problem can fail to be equivalent to the obtained smooth one.     

基于四元数分数阶方向微分的图像增强

根据已有的四元数和分数阶微分的知识,以及它们在现代信号处理中的应用,推导出一种新知识:四元数分数阶方向微分,并将其应用于图像增强.该方法首先将一幅彩色图像用一个四元数函数表示,给出四元数函数的分数阶方向微分的定义和计算方法,继而推导出沿八个方向的四元数分数阶方向导数的数值计算模板,并根据八个方向的分数阶导数求出图像平面...