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1.
本文通过逐步回归分析,说明地形起伏对山地遥感图像像元灰度变化的影响。对几种减少地形效应方法的效果进行了比较,进而提出提高山地遥感图像分类精度的分类制图方法。一引言地形起伏引起的像元灰度变化,在陆地卫星MSS图像的目视判读中是明显可见的。计算机图像自动分类的常用方法,仍以统计模式识别技术为基础的监督和非监督分类,主要按像元灰度作为划分像元  相似文献   

2.
面向对象高分辨遥感影像分类研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
黎新亮  赵书河  芮一康  谢士杰 《遥感信息》2007,(6):58-61,93,I0006
高空间分辨率遥感影像采用传统基于像元分类方法精度较低,本文通过分析高分辨遥感影像特征,采用面向对象的最近邻监督分类方法对QuickBird影像进行分类研究,首先对影像进行对象分割,然后将分割对象信息、形状特征与及上下文联系等特征构成特征空间进行最近邻监督分类,并与传统的基于像元最近邻分类方法分类进行比较分析,结果表明,本方法能够较好的识别高分辨率地物类型,总精度为92.19%,Kappa系数为0.8835,较好地改善分类效果,适合高分辨遥感影像分类。  相似文献   

3.
遥感技术由于具有观测范围广、实时强等特点适合用来研究土壤盐渍化现象。利用遥感手段提取盐渍土信息已经取得了一定的成效。利用面向对象方法,以TM卫星图像数据和野外实地数据为数据源进行提取盐渍地信息。首先,对遥感影像进行预处理,预处理包括几何校正和辐射校正,然后对图像进行图像分割,图像分割使用了分割方法的多尺度分割法、特征选择、面向对象分类和分类图像进行精度评价。对面向对象方法和传统的基于像元分类(最大似然法和最小距离法)结果进行对比分析。结果表明:利用面向对象方法对TM遥感图像进行分类,能有效抑制“椒盐现象”的发生,分类精度比传统的分类方法更高,为盐渍地信息的自动提取提供了广阔的前景。  相似文献   

4.
基于遥感的黄河三角洲地区盐碱地分布监测   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
借助遥感技术可以快速准确提取盐碱地分布信息,本文使用TM遥感影像,利用光谱分析和图像处理相结合的方法,参考地理数据,对黄河三角洲地区盐碱地的分布状况进行了遥感分析。通过最大似然分类及神经网络亚像元分类两种监督分类方法的分类精度比较后发现,后者分类精度得到有效提高,总体分类精度从80.8%上升到85.6%,对于盐碱地地类的分类精度提高到85.45%。最后,在此基础上给出了该地区盐碱地分布图。  相似文献   

5.
监督分类法在城郊景观类型判定中的应用   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
基于TM影像,采用最小距离法对北京昌平沙河镇附近城郊景观进行初步分类。在分类过程中涉及图像中不同景观类型的选择和数据预处理等工作:通过实地调查与了解,配合人工目视判读的景观类别,对遥感图像上某些抽样单元影像地物的类别属性获得了先验知识,计算机便按照这些已知类别的特征去"训读"判决函数,以此完成对整个图像的分类。该方法的分类结果与该区域土地利用图各景观类型的面积进行对比后比较接近,总体分类精度达到80.3%,说明该分类方法基本完成了利用遥感监督分类方法快速判定城郊景观类型的技术要求。  相似文献   

6.
针对无监督字典学习算法图像分类精度不高的问题,提出一种结合多种图像特征的有监督字典学习分类算法。利用卷积神经网络检测和分割细胞以提取细胞结构形状纹理特征,在细胞对应的病理图像块中提取多种纹理特征后,提取全图的SIFT和SURF特征。为缩小分类误差,对无监督字典学习和二分类函数进行联合训练,将多特征取代图像作为字典学习输入,最终实现乳腺病理图像分类。在2个乳腺病理数据库上的实验结果表明,多特征监督字典学习分类算法的分类准确率达92.15%,优于无监督字典学习算法。  相似文献   

7.
目的 高光谱图像包含了丰富的空间、光谱和辐射信息,能够用于精细的地物分类,但是要达到较高的分类精度,需要解决高维数据与有限样本之间存在矛盾的问题,并且降低因噪声和混合像元引起的同物异谱的影响。为有效解决上述问题,提出结合超像元和子空间投影支持向量机的高光谱图像分类方法。方法 首先采用简单线性迭代聚类算法将高光谱图像分割成许多无重叠的同质性区域,将每一个区域作为一个超像元,以超像元作为图像分类的最小单元,利用子空间投影算法对超像元构成的图像进行降维处理,在低维特征空间中执行支持向量机分类。本文高光谱图像空谱综合分类模型,对几何特征空间下的超像元分割与光谱特征空间下的子空间投影支持向量机(SVMsub),采用分割后进行特征融合的处理方式,将像元级别转换为面向对象的超像元级别,实现高光谱图像空谱综合分类。结果 在AVIRIS(airbone visible/infrared imaging spectrometer)获取的Indian Pines数据和Reflective ROSIS(optics system spectrographic imaging system)传感器获取的University of Pavia数据实验中,子空间投影算法比对应的非子空间投影算法的分类精度高,特别是在样本数较少的情况下,分类效果提升明显;利用马尔可夫随机场或超像元融合空间信息的算法比对应的没有融合空间信息的算法的分类精度高;在两组数据均使用少于1%的训练样本情况下,同时融合了超像元和子空间投影的支持向量机算法在两组实验中分类精度均为最高,整体分类精度高出其他相关算法4%左右。结论 利用超像元处理可以有效融合空间信息,降低同物异谱对分类结果的不利影响;采用子空间投影能够将高光谱数据变换到低维空间中,实现有限训练样本条件下的高精度分类;结合超像元和子空间投影支持向量机的算法能够得到较高的高光谱图像分类精度。  相似文献   

8.
基于ETM+遥感数据的滨海湿地信息提取研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2       下载免费PDF全文
以江苏省典型滨海湿地为研究对象,利用2005年5月份的Landsat7 ETM+图像数据,在湿地特征及其遥感图像表征分析的基础上,逐步提高湿地信息的提取精度,通过对多光谱遥感图像特征向量的分析,总结出一些湿地信息提取的规则和方法。在滨海湿地光谱特征分析的基础上,首先对研究区的图像进行了非监督分类,进而利用湿地的光谱相应特征、纹理特征、主成分变换、归一化差异水体指数等特征和相应的知识规则,得到用于优化分类的知识规则,采用分层分类的方法对非监督分类的结果进行了优化,从而使提取结果的精度较原来有了很大程度的提高。  相似文献   

9.
滨海湿地信息提取方法比较研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
以江苏省典型滨海湿地为研究对象,利用2005年5月26日的Landsat7 ETM+图像数据,在湿地特征及其遥感图像表征分析的基础上,逐步提高湿地信息的提取精度,通过对多光谱遥感图像特征向量的分析,总结出一些湿地信息提取的规则和方法。在滨海湿地光谱特征分析的基础上,对研究区的图像进行了非监督分类,利用湿地的光谱相应特征、纹理特征、主成分变换、归一化差异水体指数等特征和相应的知识规则,得到用于优化分类的知识规则,采用分层分类的方法对非监督分类的结果进行了优化,从而使提取结果的精度较原来有了很大程度的提高。还利用给予数据挖掘的分层分类法进行分类比较,通过建立误差矩阵和对比各种分类方法的分类精度,总结出一套分类精度较高的针对该研究区的湿地信息提取方法。  相似文献   

10.
分形是局部和整体以某种方式相似的形。不同的土地类型作为一种地学特征反映在遥感图像上,其像元亮度—面积模式亦符合一定的分形理论。可以利用分形理论的求和法进行不同土地利用类型的划分,并且此方法可以在一定程度上弥补监督分类中地物样本量选取量影响分类结果的不足。以广州番禺区2003和2009年的土地利用类型划分为例,利用ETM/TM数据基于分形的方法将林地从植被背景中分离,将坑塘等从水体背景中分离,将未利用土地类型从整体背景中分离,分类精度分别达到94.6685%(2003年)、91.1384%(2009年),并探讨了该地区土地利用变化的相关问题。  相似文献   

11.
以祁连山东段典型山地系统为研究区,通过提取研究区TM影像的主成分、各类植被指数、基于灰度共生矩阵的影像纹理特征以及研究区地形特征等数据,应用最优波段指数方法得到最优波段组合,并运用非监督分类、最大似然法、支持向量机分类法、决策树分类法对上述最优波段进行分类研究。结果表明多尺度数据挖掘有利于分类精度的提高,同时选取合适的判断标准的决策树分类方法在遥感信息提取中有比较直观意义和较高的分类精度。在上述分类方法中分类精度由高到低为决策树分类>支持向量机法>最大似然法>非监督分类法。决策树分类总体分类精度为94.50%,kappa系数为0.9122。
  相似文献   

12.
In this article, we describe an approach to calculate the spectral mixture within pixels and classify multispectral images. The results are compared with the classified images by traditional supervised rules such as Maximum Likelihood and appreciable results were accomplished. The method considers the number of endmembers that form the scene spectra, followed by the determination of their nature and finally the decomposition of the spectra into their endmembers. The only requirement for this method is a radiometrically corrected image because the endmembers are directly selected from the image. To make the method presented here more efficient, we propose to apply it only to the classes having low accuracy after a traditional supervised classification. Because the land cover classes in this study are related to a geomorphological terrain unit, we propose to mask the terrain units having problematic classes and decompose these units into their endmembers. A geomorphological analysis of the study area (Tonle Sap basin in Cambodia) was made to establish the relationship between land cover, landforms and soils through terrain mapping units. Then we performed a supervised classification of a Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) image and of the same image merged with a SPOT-panchromatic (PAN) image, based on the land covers corresponding to the terrain mapping units. Then we masked a terrain unit having problematic spectral classes and applied the spectral mixture analysis which allowed an efficient separation of the land cover classes agglomerated in the preliminary classification. The result of this re-classification was re-inserted into the first classification and was compared statistically with the results obtained in the preliminary classification. We consider this procedure an efficient method to improve the results obtained from a supervised classification. The method can separate different land covers that were agglomerated in the preliminary segmentation. In our case, the classification accuracy for the terrain unit used (the fluvial terrace) increases from 62% (using only the TM bands) and 69% (using TM+ SPOT) to 83%.  相似文献   

13.
基于高分二号数据的面向对象城市土地利用分类研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
利用国产高分二号数据提取城市地物类别的方法研究具有重要的意义。以鸡西市城区作为研究区域,采用高分二号(GF-2)遥感影像为数据源,对影像进行多尺度分割,建立相应地物的分类规则,采用规则集的面向对象分类方法对地物进行分类,并与支持向量机(Support Vector Machine,SVM)监督分类结果进行比较。实验结果发现:利用面向对象方法对城市土地利用分类的总体精度92.52%,Kappa系数为0.91,与SVM方法相比较,有很大的提高,分类效果更加能体现城市地类形状特征。使用面向对象的分类方法对高分二号影像进行分类效果更好,精度更高,基于高分二号数据面向对象分类方法是提取城市土地利用分类的有效方法。  相似文献   

14.
It is of great significance to study the method of extracting urban features from GF-2 remote sensing data.Taking the urban area of Jixi City as the study area,and the GF-2 image is used as the data source.The image is divided into multiple scales,the classification rules of the corresponding objects are established,and the object-based classification method of the rule set is used to classify the objects.Compare with SVM supervised classification results.The results show that the overall accuracy of object-oriented classification is 92.52%,and the Kappa coefficient is 0.91,which is significantly higher than the SVM supervised classification.Using the object-oriented classification method to classify the GF-2 image is better and the precision is higher.Object-oriented classification method based on GF-2 data is an effective method for extracting urban land use classification.  相似文献   

15.
It is of great significance to study the method of extracting urban features from GF-2 remote sensing data.Taking the urban area of Jixi City as the study area,and the GF-2 image is used as the data source.The image is divided into multiple scales,the classification rules of the corresponding objects are established,and the object-based classification method of the rule set is used to classify the objects.Compare with SVM supervised classification results.The results show that the overall accuracy of object-oriented classification is 92.52%,and the Kappa coefficient is 0.91,which is significantly higher than the SVM supervised classification.Using the object-oriented classification method to classify the GF-2 image is better and the precision is higher.Object-oriented classification method based on GF-2 data is an effective method for extracting urban land use classification.  相似文献   

16.
A segmentation and hierarchical classification approach applied to QuickBird multispectral satellite data was implemented, with the goal of delineating residential land use polygons and identifying low and high socio‐economic status of neighbourhoods within Accra, Ghana. Two types of object‐based classification strategies were tested, one based on spatial frequency characteristics of multispectral data, and the other based on proportions of Vegetation–Impervious–Soil sub‐objects. Both approaches yielded residential land‐use maps with similar overall percentage accuracy (75%) and kappa index of agreement (0.62) values, based on test objects from visual interpretation of QuickBird panchromatic imagery.  相似文献   

17.
在中国东北、华北、华中、华南、西北、青藏、内蒙古7个自然地区分别选择典型区A、B、C、D、E、F、G,以Landsat TM/ETM+影像分类结果为参考数据,采用亚分数混淆矩阵对5种大尺度土地覆盖数据集的精度进行定量评价,为数据集的使用提供科学依据。亚分数混淆矩阵可避免参考数据与待评价数据尺度转换时引入的误差,能反映不同优势类比重情况下数据集的总体精度和分类方法误差。结果表明:GLC2000在全部典型区的总体精度最高,为65.64%;UMD总体精度最低,为43.06%。GLC2000在主要土地覆盖类型为林地和耕地以及草地区域具有较高的分类精度;UMD在各区域的分类精度均最低或较低。5种土地覆盖数据集对于城镇、其他的分类精度在各典型区均较低;对于草地和水体的分类精度则是在西北干旱区和青藏高原区的典型区较高。  相似文献   

18.
A hybrid method that incorporates the advantages of supervised and unsupervised approaches as well as hard and soft classifications was proposed for mapping the land use/cover of the Atlanta metropolitan area using Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) data. The unsupervised ISODATA clustering method was initially used to segment the image into a large number of clusters of pixels. With reference to ground data based on 1?:?40?000 colour infrared aerial photographs in the form of Digital Orthophoto Quarter Quadrangle (DOQQ), homogeneous clusters were labelled. Clusters that could not be labelled because of mixed pixels were clipped out and subjected to a supervised fuzzy classification. A final land use/cover map was obtained by a union overlay of the two partial land use/cover maps. This map was evaluated by comparing with maps produced using unsupervised ISODATA clustering, supervised fuzzy and supervised maximum likelihood classification methods. It was found that the hybrid approach was slightly better than the unsupervised ISODATA clustering in land use/cover classification accuracy, most probably because of the supervised fuzzy classification, which effectively dealt with the mixed pixel problem in the low-density urban use category of land use/cover. It was suggested that this hybrid approach can be economically implemented in a standard image processing software package to produce land use/cover maps with higher accuracy from satellite images of moderate spatial resolution in a complex urban environment, where both discrete and continuous land cover elements occur side by side.  相似文献   

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