CAE在同步辐射装置挡光元件设计中的应用

针对第三代同步辐射装置挡光元件承受极高热负载、设计难度大的问题,综述CAE在其设计中的应用情况:借助有限元分析可以获得挡光元件关键部件吸收体的最高温度和最大应力这两个最主要设计参数;通过计算流体力学(Computational Fluid Dynamics,CFD)软件模拟可以获得吸收体中冷却管道的对流换热与流动阻力特性参数;采用热弹塑性有限元分析可以获得用于低周疲劳寿命预估的吸收体热应力应变迟滞循环.下一步工作将围绕当今研究的核心问题——基于低周疲劳的设计准则展开,包括同步辐射高热负载作用下低周疲劳裂纹的起裂寿命和扩展寿命预测,以及吸收体倾角、表面光滑度、冷却管道排布等对寿命的影响.这些研究均需要充分利用CAE的强大分析功能.     

基于S N和FKM标准的橡胶元件疲劳寿命预测方法

疲劳寿命预测是橡胶元件设计的核心技术之一.基于Abaqus和S-N技术以及FKM标准成功实现橡胶悬架弹性关节疲劳寿命的预测.该预测方法也为类似橡胶弹性元件的疲劳寿命评估提供一种尝试和设计思路.     

某型圆柱螺旋弹簧设计与疲劳寿命分析

圆柱螺旋弹簧是某型机械传动系统的关键部件,其设计的可靠性直接影响该结构的稳定和安全.首先对某型圆柱螺旋弹簧进行工况分析,进而基于机械设计原则对其刚度、强度进行理论校核,最后基于有限元应力仿真,在MSC Fatigue中计算出该弹簧最危险节点的寿命.所得结论表明设计弹簧的疲劳寿命满足疲劳可靠性的要求.     

基于数字疲劳传感器的疲劳监测系统及寿命评估

疲劳寿命计是电阻-疲劳响应记忆元件,其电阻值随疲劳而增加,栽荷卸除后电阻变化值保留.通过设计适用于桥梁疲劳栽荷检测的数字式传感器和监测系统,对大桥实施长期实时监测和定期技术状态评估,考察大桥在服役期内完成设计预定功能的能力,提高桥梁的安全性.为解决疲劳损伤及寿命评估问题,通过编制的疲劳评估系统,对东海大桥48个危险截面测点进行疲劳分析,得到实际损伤及损伤度,并进行寿命评估.成功地建立了东海大桥疲劳损伤及寿命评估系统,并可推广应用于其他桥梁.     

基于试验和仿真的缸盖疲劳耐久性研究

以发动机缸盖疲劳耐久性设计为研究对象,对缸盖材料进行不同温度下的疲劳测试,获取详细的缸盖高、低周疲劳材料属性,然后结合CAE疲劳分析方法和理论,进行缸盖金属温度场仿真、高周疲劳分析和低周疲劳寿命预测。该缸盖疲劳分析方法结果可靠,可有效指导缸盖疲劳耐久性设计和优化。     

基于ANSYS的挖掘机动臂疲劳寿命仿真研究

针对挖掘机动臂载荷复杂性使得疲劳寿命难以预测的问题,提出一种基于仿真载荷谱的疲劳寿命分析方法。通过仿真工作装置各铰点载荷谱对动臂进行静强度校核,并运用Miner准则对动臂进行疲劳寿命预测,确定了最小疲劳寿命部位。由疲劳寿命敏感度分析结果可知,载荷幅值、缺口系数、表面质量系数和尺寸系数对疲劳寿命有显著影响;在计算疲劳寿命时用Goodman修正公式更保守。研究结果可以预测挖掘机动臂疲劳寿命,为动臂的设计和改进提供参考。     

考虑强度和疲劳寿命影响的层合复合材料结构优化分析

工程应用中对复合材料轻量化的要求在不断提高,为了能够在满足工程应用对材料强度和疲劳寿命要求的同时,达到减轻结构质量的目的,研究了强度和疲劳寿命影响下的复合材料层合结构优化方法,并在此基础上提出了一种基于参数化有限元技术和改进遗传算法的复合材料层合结构优化方法。根据复合材料层合结构铺层参数属于离散型变量的特点,将遗传算法编码改为联合整数编码,并且为了能快速准确求出最优解,提出了精英保留策略、交叉和变异自适应度策略。最后,基于Visual Studio和ANSYS进行联合仿真,对所提出的方法进行验证,仿真结果表明,优化后的复合材料层合结构不仅能够满足强度和疲劳寿命的约束条件,并且其质量减少到初始质量的56.2%,优化效果明显,这表明所提出的基于参数化有限元技术和改进遗传算法的复合材料层合结构优化方法是可行的。     

岸桥大车平衡梁疲劳寿命预测

针对大车平衡梁裂纹的出现易导致岸桥疲劳事故的问题,基于虚拟疲劳设计方法,用MSCPatran分析大车平衡梁的静强度,用MSC Fatigue对大车平衡梁进行指定载荷历程下的疲劳分析,得到疲劳寿命分布云图,直观显示出结构各个部分的疲劳寿命,从而为岸桥大车平衡梁结构设计的改进和疲劳预测提供参考.     

疲劳分析软件MSC Fatigue的工程应用

为实现交叉杆的疲劳寿命预测,应用实测载荷和材料数据,进行有限元的应力分析,采用名义应力法,基于MSC Fatigue进行交叉杆的疲劳寿命预测,与交叉杆的实际使用寿命较为吻合.表明基于虚拟疲劳设计软件的疲劳设计方法合理可行,为交叉杆的结构优化设计和疲劳寿命预测提供参考.     

基于等效结构应力的铝合金地铁车体疲劳寿命预测

为评估某铝合金地铁车辆的疲劳寿命,采用美国ASME标准中的网格不敏感的主S-N曲线法对该车焊缝进行疲劳寿命预测.用HyperMesh对车体进行有限元建模,并对焊缝处网格细化;用ANSYS计算焊缝处应力;运用自主开发的FE-Weld软件对其进行等效结构应力的计算和疲劳寿命的预测;对疲劳寿命不符合设计要求的结构进行改进和优化,改进后结构的疲劳寿命符合设计要求.网格不敏感的主S-N曲线法具有重要工程应用推广价值.     

基于接触应力的高参数汽轮机叶片枞树形叶根型线优化

为提高汽轮机叶片叶根型线的设计效率和产品质量,基于接触应力约束下的枞树形叶片叶根型线设计,将传统的基于经验的设计与经典优化理论相结合,推导适合叶根型线的设计方法。采用移动渐近线法（method of moving asymptotes, MMA）进行结构拓扑优化,以某低压末级动叶片设计为例,优化前、后叶根和轮槽的VON Mises应力对比表明,所推导的方法能够快速得到所需的型线设计。该设计使得叶根与轮槽间的接触应力降低,叶片的使用寿命提高。     

基于多体动力学和有限元方法的曲轴强度分析

基于多体动力学和有限元方法,对某发动机曲轴进行额定工况下的动应力分析,并结合相关高周疲劳理论,对曲轴进行疲劳性能评价,判断该曲轴的疲劳性能是否能够满足工程要求. 证明以MSC软件为平台的曲轴分析方法能够很好地应用到实际的工程开发中.     

Damage tolerance based design optimisation of a fuel flow vent hole in an aircraft structure

This paper investigates the design optimisation of a fuel flow vent hole (FFVH) located in the wing pivot fitting (WPF) of an F-111 aircraft assuming a damage tolerance design philosophy. The design of the vent hole shape is undertaken considering the basic durability based design objectives of stress, residual (fracture) strength, and fatigue life. Initially, a stress based optimised shape is determined. Damage tolerance based design optimisation is then undertaken to determine the shape of the cutout so as to maximise its residual strength and fatigue life. For stress optimisation, the problem is analysed using the gradient-less biological algorithm and the gradient-based nonlinear programming methods. The optimum designs predicted by the two fundamentally different optimisation algorithms agree well. The optimum shapes of the vent hole are subsequently determined considering residual strength and fatigue life as the distinct design objectives in the presence of numerous 3D cracks located along the vent hole boundary. A number of crack cases are considered to investigate how the crack size affects the optimal shapes. A semi-analytical method is employed for computation of the stress intensity factors (SIF), and an analytical crack closure model is subsequently used to evaluate the fatigue life. The 3D biological algorithm is used for designing the cutout profiles that optimise residual strength and fatigue life of the component. An improved residual strength/fatigue life (depending on the optimisation objective) is achieved for the optimal designs. The variability in SIF/fatigue life around the cutout boundary is reduced, thereby making the shape more evenly fracture/fatigue critical. The vent hole shapes optimised for stress, residual strength, and fatigue life are different from each other for a given nature and size of the flaws. This emphasises the need to consider residual strength and/or fatigue life as the explicit design objective. The durability based optimal vent hole shapes depend on the initial and final crack sizes. It is also shown that a damage tolerance optimisation additionally produces a reduced weight WPF component, which is highly desirable for aerospace industries. The design space near the ‘optimal’ region is found to be flat. This allows us to achieve a considerable enhancement in fatigue performance without precisely identifying the local/global optimum solution, and also enables us to select a reduced weight ‘near optimal’ design rather than the precise optimal shape.     

Review of life assessment techniques applied to dynamically loaded automotive components

Structural optimisation based on fatigue life of dynamically loaded structures of realistic complexity is rarely attempted due to computational costs. Very efficient stress analysis and fatigue life assessment techniques are needed if this is to become routine. For the first time, this paper compares several approaches to fatigue life prediction using a real automotive engineering case study, taking into account that optimisation based on fatigue life requires accurate relative distribution rather than exact values. The paper concludes that although both the quasi-static and frequency domain approaches are potentially more efficient than transient dynamic analysis, parameter sensitivity of the frequency domain approach may preclude its eventual use.     

Data-driven bending fatigue life forecasting and optimization via grinding Top-Rem tool parameters for spiral bevel gears

To establish a bridge between grinding tool parameters and loaded tooth fatigue life, an innovative data-driven root flank bending fatigue life forecasting and optimization via Top-Rem tool parameters was proposed for grinding spiral bevel gears. The recent machine settings modification is extended into grinding Top-Rem tool parameters modification in case that geometric accuracy and root bending fatigue life are integrated into a collaborative optimization. The proposed Top-Rem modification includes three key steps: (I) arc-shaped blade, (II) top part, and (III) top fillet part. Then, while root bending stress is determined by using finite element method (FEM)-based simulated loaded tooth contact analysis (SLTCA), data-driven fatigue life forecasting is developed by correlating with the multiaxial fatigue damage model based assessment. Moreover, data-driven bending fatigue life optimization model is established by using Top-Rem tool parameters modification, where the important constraints in target flank determination includes: (i) root overcutting, (ii) geometric accuracy, and, (iii) fatigue life. For high accuracy and efficiency, two different strategies are proposed: (i) the different parameters modification types; and, (ii) sensitivity analysis of grinding Top-Rem tool parameters. Finally, proposed method can verify that bending fatigue life can be significantly improved by modifying the key Top-Rem tool parameters in early stage of the whole life product development for spiral bevel gears.     

汽轮机汽缸蠕变-疲劳耦合寿命预测

为探索汽轮机汽缸裂纹产生的原因、带裂纹汽缸的剩余寿命、汽缸延寿等问题,开展蠕变和疲劳交互作用下的汽缸寿命预测。利用有限元计算汽缸在稳态和启停工况下的应力情况。基于蠕变 疲劳耦合理论进行裂纹萌生和扩展的寿命预测,从运行方式和汽缸结构2方面开展优化。研究结果表明：该中压内缸中分面法兰的拐角处存在较大的热应力集中,其寿命损伤大导致裂纹萌生。经过结构修复,机组寿命显著延长。