基于小波分解和模糊聚类的图像分割方法

传统的FCM图像聚类法由于需要大量先验知识和聚类速度的原因,大大限制其在图像分割领域的应用.提出一种基于小波分解和模糊聚类相结合的图像分割算法,首先对图像进行小波变换,对于L空间得到的灰度图像利用小波多尺度分解的性质得到特征图像,利用此特征图像的一维灰度信息采用模糊C均值聚类(FCM)算法,并自动确定FCM算法聚类数和聚类中心从而完成聚类的无监督化,实现对经小波分解后的特征图像的高效快速分割.     

一种快速鲁棒核空间图形模糊聚类分割算法

针对现有鲁棒图形模糊聚类算法难以满足强噪声干扰下大幅面图像快速分割的需要，提出一种快速鲁棒核空间图形模糊聚类分割算法。该算法将欧氏空间样本通过核函数映射至高维空间；采用待分割图像中像素邻域的灰度和空间等信息构建线性加权滤波图像，对其进行鲁棒核空间图形模糊聚类；并引入当前聚类像素与其邻域像素均值所对应的二维直方图信息，获得鲁棒核空间图形模糊聚类快速迭代表达式。对大幅面图像添加高斯和椒盐噪声进行分割测试，实验结果表明:本文算法相比基于图形模糊聚类等分割算法的分割性能、抗噪鲁棒性和实时性有了显著提高。     

基于图论的快速FCM图像分割算法

研究基于图论的最短路径算法与加权直方图方法,结合快速模糊聚类思想,提出一种改进的快速模糊C-均值(FCM)图像分割算法。利用最短路径算法对图像进行初始化处理,使处理后的灰度值准确反映邻域像素对原像素的影响。通过加权直方图改变灰度变化剧烈区域像元在图像分割中的影响程度,并自适应寻找初始聚类中心。实验结果表明,该算法能快速准确地分割图像,具有较强的抗噪性。     

基于二维直方图的图像模糊聚类分割新方法

基于二维直方图的模糊聚类分割算法可以有效地抑制噪声的干扰。但是,FCM算法用于图像数据聚类时的最大缺陷是运算的开销太大,这就限制了这种方法在图像分割中的应用。该文根据FCM算法和灰度图像的特点,提出了一种适用于灰度图像分割的抑制式模糊C-均值聚类算法(S-FCM)。通过调节抑制因子α来提高分割速度和分类的正确率。实验结果表明,新算法对小目标灰度图像的分割效果优于FCM算法。     

结合空间信息的模糊C均值聚类图像分割算法

提出一种结合空间信息的模糊C均值聚类图像分割算法.该方法将图像的二维直方图引入传统的模糊C均值聚类算法,并对隶属函数做了改进;依据平方误差和最小准则,来确定模糊分类矩阵及聚类中心;最后,依据最大隶属度原则,划分图像像素的类别归属.实验结果表明,该方法能快速有效地分割图像,并且具有较强的抗噪能力.     

基于核函数距离测度的加权模糊C均值聚类与Markov空域约束的快速鲁棒图像分割

由于模糊C均值聚类算法（FCM）存在两大缺陷：（1）对于非球形的数据聚类形式鲁棒性不够；（2）只考虑图像中的数值特征信息，而忽略了像素间的空间约束关系，因此FCM算法在对含有噪声的图像进行分割时缺乏足够的鲁棒性。针对以上问题，本文提出了一种结合Markov空域约束与基于核函数距离测度的加权模糊c均值聚类的快速鲁棒图像分割方法。为克服缺点（1），我们使用基于核函数的距离测度取代FCM中的欧氏距离，并使用加权模糊聚类的方式保证了计算的简洁性。与此同时，我们用Markov随机场描述图像的空域约束信息，并且通过数据融合的方法将模糊分割结果与空域约束信息结合在一起，从而得到既包含像素数值特征又包括空域约束信息的图像分割场。这样既克服了传统模糊C均值聚类算法的缺点，又最大限度地保证了分割算法计算的简单有效性。     

基于直方图相关性约束的快速多阈值FCM图像分割算法

针对传统的模糊C均值(FCM)聚类算法在样本数和特征数较多时,运算较为复杂以及耗时较多的问题,本文提出了一种采用直方图的相关性作为约束采样率的快速多阈值FCM分割方法,控制图像失真,使得需要运算的数据量减少,以获得较快的分割速度.由于借助了基于模糊集的图像分割技术--模糊C均值算法实现多阈值图像分割,考虑到了每个像素对...     

卫星云图感兴趣区域自动提取方法研究

卫星云图中人们感兴趣的区域(ROI)往往是各类云团,针对卫星云图内容的复杂性,利用直方图模糊加权C均值聚类方法实现云图的图像分割,对分割结果进行后处理,最终获取云图内的感兴趣区域。常规聚类方法需要人工指定类个数,影响了ROI提取过程的自动化程度。引入修正聚类评价指标,基于该指标实现最佳类别个数的自动确定。云图分割是感兴趣区域提取过程的关键,采用的直方图模糊加权C均值聚类方法在原有算法基础上,引入样本权重概念,使得聚类过程更为合理;同时将聚类对象由原始像素转换为灰度直方图,提高了聚类过程执行效率。实验结果表明设计的感兴趣区域提取方法能较为准确地分辨出陆地、水体、低云、中云、卷云、对流云六类区域,提取结果与客观实际一致。     

基于蚁群和自适应滤波的模糊聚类图像分割

为了改进模糊C均值聚类(FCM)算法对初始聚类中心敏感、抗噪性能较差、运算量大的问题,提出一种新的基于蚁群和自适应滤波的模糊聚类图像分割方法(ACOAFCM).首先,该方法利用改进的蚁群算法确定初始聚类中心,作为FCM初始参数,克服FCM算法对初始聚类中心的敏感;其次,采用自适应中值滤波抑制图像噪声干扰,增强算法的鲁棒性;最后,用直方图特征空间优化FCM目标函数,对图像进行分割,减少运算量.实验结果表明,该方法克服了FCM算法对初始聚类中心的依赖,抗噪能力强,收敛速度快,分割精度高.     

基于特征加权的自适应FCM彩色图像分割算法

图像分割是模式识别、图像理解、计算机视觉等领域的重要研究内容.基于模糊C均值聚类(FCM)的图像分割是应用较为广泛的方法之一,但其存在需预先给出初始聚类数目,且要考虑各个特征对分类的不同影响等问题.通过引入ReliefF技术进行特征加权,结合聚类有效性指数自适应确定初始聚类数目、根据Laws纹理测度提取图像特征等措施,提出了一种新的FCM彩色图像分割算法.实验结果表明,该算法可以有效地提高图像分割效果,分割结果优于现有FCM图像分割方案.     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate