基于遗传算法的Job Shop调度研究进展

Job Shop是典型的调度问题 ,遗传算法一直是计算智能的主要研究对象 ,因此基于遗传算法的Job Shop研究在学术界和工程界受到极大的关注。对近年来这方面的研究情况进行了较全面的综述 ,其中涉及编码、算法改进和比较、特征分析、混合算法、拓宽性、实际应用和调度器开发等 ,并讨论了进一步研究的若干方向     

多目标军用飞机维修作业调度优化研究

为提升维修作业与现代战机的适应程度,对军用飞机维修作业调度模型构建与调度优化算法设计进行探讨。在沿用柔性作业车间调度问题的形式化描述构建维修作业调度模型的基础上,选取遗传算法对执行步骤进行设计,引入耦合算子重新调整工序排序部分染色体以避免染色体违背耦合约束无法解码的情况发生,并采用维修作业调度案例与Brandimarte测试数据验证多目标调度优化算法的适用性与优化性。维修作业调度模型构建与调度优化算法的探讨促进维修管理的精细化,为调度相关领域的深入研究拓宽思路。     

一种用于车间作业调度问题的智能枚举算法

车间作业调度问题是优化组合中一个著名的难题,即使规模不大的算例,优化算法的时间也很长。文章提出了一种求解车间作业调度问题的快速智能枚举算法,选取了22个标准算例作为算法的测试试验集,该算法在较短的时间内找到了17个算例的最优解,试验结果表明智能枚举算法确实是一种快速的、有效的求解车间作业调度问题的近似算法。     

蚁群算法在生产调度中的应用

介绍了蚁群算法的基本思想,以旅行商问题说明了蚁群算法的模型结构,总结了蚁群算法在作业车间以及流水车间中的应用,并与其它启发式算法进行了简单的比较。在分析了目前半导体生产线调度研究现状的基础上,探讨了蚁群算法在半导体生产线调度中的应用前景。     

A genetic algorithm for permutation flow shop scheduling under make to stock production system

The permutation flow shop scheduling is a well-known combinatorial optimization problem that arises in many manufacturing systems. Over the last few decades, permutation flow shop problems have widely been studied and solved as a static problem. However, in many practical systems, permutation flow shop problems are not really static, but rather dynamic, where the challenge is to schedule n different products that must be produced on a permutation shop floor in a cyclical pattern. In this paper, we have considered a make-to-stock production system, where three related issues must be considered: the length of a production cycle, the batch size of each product, and the order of the products in each cycle. To deal with these tasks, we have proposed a genetic algorithm based lot scheduling approach with an objective of minimizing the sum of the setup and holding costs. The proposed algorithm has been tested using scenarios from a real-world sanitaryware production system, and the experimental results illustrates that the proposed algorithm can obtain better results in comparison to traditional reactive approaches.     

离散车间多目标调度算法探究

随着科学技术的快速发展和客户需求的不断提高,传统大批量生产的模式逐渐被淘汰,离散制造这种小批量的生产模式将逐渐成为制造业的主流形式之一。中国制造业近些年发展迅速,在世界上打造了“中国制造”的“品牌”,离散制造这一主流模式也将成为我国制造业的发展目标之一。本文首先综述了离散型车间调度的发展背景,阐述了离散型车间多目标调度问题的模型,介绍了粒子群算法和混合蛙跳算法两种多目标调度算法。最后,对离散车间多目标调度算法的研究方向提出几点建议。     

Job Shop 调度的序列拉格朗日松驰法

拉格朗日松驰法为求解复杂调度问题次最优解的一种重要方法，陆宝森等人把这种方法推广到Ｊｏｂ Ｓｈｏｐ调度问题，但他们的方法存在解振荡问题。本文提出一种序列拉格朗日松驰法，它能避免解振荡。     

面向多目标流水车间调度的多种群多目标遗传算法

针对制造型企业普遍存在的流水车间调度问题,建立了以最小化最迟完成时间和总延迟时间为目标的多目标调度模型,并提出一种基于分解方法的多种群多目标遗传算法进行求解.该算法将多目标流水车间调度问题分解为多个单目标子问题,并分阶段地将这些子问题引入到算法迭代过程进行求解.算法在每次迭代时,依据种群的分布情况选择各子问题的最好解及与其相似的个体分别为当前求解的子问题构造子种群,通过多种群的进化完成对多个子问题最优解的并行搜索.通过对标准测试算例进行仿真实验,结果表明所提出的算法在求解该问题上能够获得较好的非支配解集.     

车间调度中的数据挖掘技术研究

基于Multi-Agent System（MAS）的人机合作技术适合于解决复杂调度问题。为了使人与机能够更好地合作来完成高效、准确的车间调度,引入C4.5算法,建立并实现了基于机器学习和MAS的人机合作车间调度系统仿真模型。在Java环境下,以Weka、JADE为开发平台,以Eclipse为开发工具,Access为后台数据库,完成了系统的开发。通过实例仿真和结果分析,运用机器学习算法动态调度的结果稍优于最佳的静态调度结果,证明了系统的正确性和优越性。     

不确定条件下中间存储时间有限的的免疫调度算法

研究了流程工业中不确定条件下的flowshop生产调度问题,采用模糊数学的方法来表示处理时间的不确定性,在基于模糊规划理论的基础上建立了中间存储时间有限的调度模型,并结合免疫算法的特点,提出了解决此类问题的模糊免疫调度算法。通过仿真试验,表明了该模型的有效性和算法的可行性。     

作业车间调度转换瓶颈算法可行性研究*

讨论了转换瓶颈( SB) 算法在解作业车间调度问题时需要解决的子问题。转换瓶颈算法是解决作业车间调度最小makespan( 完工时间) 问题的有效启发式算法。它是基于反复地解决某些单机调度问题这样的子问题。然而所解决的单机调度问题的解可能会导致算法最终得不到可行解, 即使是单机调度最优解也可能得到不可行解。为此, 给出了一个简单的反例证明了产生不可行解的情况, 并对产生不可行解的原因作了详细分析。该研究有利于对转换瓶颈技术进行更好的理解和应用。     

An improved particle swarm optimization algorithm for flowshop scheduling problem

The flowshop scheduling problem has been widely studied and many techniques have been applied to it, but few algorithms based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) have been proposed to solve it. In this paper, an improved PSO algorithm (IPSO) based on the “alldifferent” constraint is proposed to solve the flow shop scheduling problem with the objective of minimizing makespan. It combines the particle swarm optimization algorithm with genetic operators together effectively. When a particle is going to stagnate, the mutation operator is used to search its neighborhood. The proposed algorithm is tested on different scale benchmarks and compared with the recently proposed efficient algorithms. The results show that the proposed IPSO algorithm is more effective and better than the other compared algorithms. It can be used to solve large scale flow shop scheduling problem effectively.     

遗传算法解柔性作业车间调度问题应用综述

柔性作业车间调度问题是典型的NP难问题,对实际生产应用具有指导作用。近年来,随着遗传算法的发展,利用遗传算法来解决柔性作业车间调度问题的思想和方法层出不穷。为了促进遗传算法求解柔性作业车间调度问题的进一步发展,阐述了柔性作业车间调度问题的研究理论,对已有改进方法进行了分类,通过对现存问题的分析,探讨了未来的发展方向。     

Hybrid monkey search algorithm for flow shop scheduling problem under makespan and total flow time

This paper addresses a sub-population based hybrid monkey search algorithm to solve the flow shop scheduling problem which has been proved to be non-deterministic polynomial time hard (NP-hard) type combinatorial optimization problems. Minimization of makespan and total flow time are the objective functions considered. In the proposed algorithm, two different sub-populations for the two objectives are generated and different dispatching rules are used to improve the solution quality. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first application of monkey search algorithm to solve the flow shop scheduling problems. The performance of the proposed algorithm has been tested with the benchmark problems addressed in the literature. Computational results reveal that the proposed algorithm outperforms many other heuristics and meta-heuristics addressed in the literature.     

大数据环境下MES作业计划与调度能力云服务化研究

云制造技术给制造企业带来机遇的同时,也为其制造执行系统MES的设计与实现带来了新的挑战。为了解决单件小批MES中作业计划与调度优化问题,首先设计了一个从作业计划静态制定,到作业执行情况实时监控与主动感知,再到异常事件智能响应,最后到作业调度动态调节的闭环体系结构。接着针对异常信息实时获取与异常事件发现、异常事件智能化处理以及作业计划与调度优化算法计算能力服务化三个子问题,依次进行了问题分析并给出了技术解决方案。最后,以哈尔滨电机厂为案例对象,综合利用IEC/ISO 62264标准、大数据分析与挖掘方法以及由虚拟化、服务化和SOA等组成的云计算技术实现了单件小批MES作业计划与调度综合优化系统,验证了上述理论与方法的有效性。     

A hybrid immune simulated annealing algorithm for the job shop scheduling problem

A hybrid simulated annealing algorithm based on a novel immune mechanism is proposed for the job shop scheduling problem with the objective of minimizing total weighted tardiness. The proposed immune procedure is built on the following fundamental idea: the bottleneck jobs existing in each scheduling instance generally constitute the key factors in the attempt to improve the quality of final schedules, and thus, the sequencing of these jobs needs more intensive optimization. To quantitatively describe the bottleneck job distribution, we design a fuzzy inference system for evaluating the bottleneck level (i.e. the criticality) of each job. By combining the immune procedure with a simulated annealing algorithm, we design a hybrid optimization algorithm which is subsequently tested on a number of job shop instances. Computational results for different-sized instances show that the proposed hybrid algorithm performs effectively and converges fast to satisfactory solutions.     

应用强化学习算法求解置换流水车间调度问题

面对日益增长的大规模调度问题,新型算法的开发越显重要.针对置换流水车间调度问题,提出了一种基于强化学习Q-Learning调度算法.通过引入状态变量和行为变量,将组合优化的排序问题转换成序贯决策问题,来解决置换流水车间调度问题.采用所提算法对OR-Library提供Flow-shop国际标准算例进行测试,并与已有的一些算法对比,结果表明算法的有效性.     

Scheduling jobs and maintenances in flexible job shop with a hybrid genetic algorithm

Most flexible job shop scheduling models assume that the machines are available all of the time. However, in most realistic situations, machines may be unavailable due to maintenances, pre-schedules and so on. In this paper, we study the flexible job shop scheduling problem with availability constraints. The availability constraints are non-fixed in that the completion time of the maintenance tasks is not fixed and has to be determined during the scheduling procedure. We then propose a hybrid genetic algorithm to solve the flexible job shop scheduling problem with non-fixed availability constraints (fJSP-nfa). The genetic algorithm uses an innovative representation method and applies genetic operations in phenotype space in order to enhance the inheritability. We also define two kinds of neighbourhood for the problem based on the concept of critical path. A local search procedure is then integrated under the framework of the genetic algorithm. Representative flexible job shop scheduling benchmark problems and fJSP-nfa problems are solved in order to test the effectiveness and efficiency of the suggested methodology. Received: June 2005 /Accepted: December 2005     

Integrating simulation and genetic algorithm to schedule a dynamic flexible job shop

Much of the research on operations scheduling problems has ignored dynamic events in real-world environments where there are complex constraints and a variety of unexpected disruptions. Besides, while most scheduling problems which have been discussed in the literature assume that machines are incessantly available, in most real life industries a machine can be unavailable for many reasons, such as unanticipated breakdowns (stochastic unavailability), or due to a scheduled preventive maintenance where the periods of unavailability are determined in advance (deterministic unavailability). This paper describes how we can integrate simulation into genetic algorithm to the dynamic scheduling of a flexible job shop with machines that suffer stochastic breakdowns. The objectives are the minimization of two criteria, expected makespan and expected mean tardiness. An overview of the flexible job shops and scheduling under the stochastic unavailability of machines are presented. Subsequently, the details of integrating simulation into genetic algorithm are described and implemented. Consequently, problems of various sizes are used to test the performance of the proposed algorithm. The results obtained reveal that the relative performance of the algorithm for both abovementioned objectives can be affected by changing the levels of the breakdown parameters.     

A hybrid Jaya algorithm for solving flexible job shop scheduling problem considering multiple critical paths

As an extension of the classical job shop scheduling problem, flexible job shop scheduling problem (FJSP) is considered as a challenge in manufacturing systems for its complexity and flexibility. Meta-heuristic algorithms are shown effective in solving FJSP. However, the multiple critical paths issue, which has not been formally discussed in the existing literature, is discovered to be a primary obstacle for further optimization by meta-heuristics. In this paper, a hybrid Jaya algorithm integrated with Tabu search is proposed to solve FJSP for makespan minimization. Two Jaya operators are designed to improve solutions under a two-vector encoding scheme. During the local search phase, three approaches are proposed to deal with multiple critical paths and have been evaluated by experimental study and qualitative analyses. An incremental parameter setting strategy and a makespan estimation method are employed to speed up the searching process. The proposed algorithm is compared with several state-of-the-art algorithms on three well-known FJSP benchmark sets. Extensive experimental results suggest its superiority in both optimality and stability. Additionally, a real world scheduling problem, including six instances with different scales, is applied to further prove its ability in handling large-scale scheduling problems.